Yonggui Wang, Jay Kandampully and He (Michael) Jia
The aim of this article is to examine the interaction effect of customization mode and regulatory focus on the “tailoring” outcomes of customized services in both the number of…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this article is to examine the interaction effect of customization mode and regulatory focus on the “tailoring” outcomes of customized services in both the number of options retained and consumer evaluations.
Design/methodology/approach
Two experiments investigate the interaction between customization mode and consumer regulatory focus, together with mediating and moderating factors.
Findings
An interaction effect of customization mode and regulatory focus exists: it significantly influences the number of options retained, and prevention‐focused consumers retain more options in the final customized offering than promotion‐focused consumers in subtractive customization, whereas this effect is reduced in additive customization; it significantly affects how consumers evaluate the customization service with regard to task enjoyment and attitudes toward products; and it is fully mediated by task enjoyment and positively moderated by product familiarity.
Originality/value
This article provides an important contribution to service customization design and regulatory focus theory by shedding light on the interaction between customization mode and consumer regulatory focus and revealing how this interaction affects the decision outcomes of customization services.
Details
Keywords
Kin Wai Michael Siu, Jia Xin Xiao and Yi Lin Wong
This study aims to address policy, implementation and management, the three stages of inclusive open space. It compares both the level of design and implementation of open space…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to address policy, implementation and management, the three stages of inclusive open space. It compares both the level of design and implementation of open space in Beijing, Hong Kong and Taipei by following the inclusive guidelines. It also identifies recommendations for policy, implementation and management of inclusive open space and its facilities.
Design/methodology/approach
Field observations were conducted in 27 parks within three cities. In-depth interviews were conducted with a variety of participants, including visually impaired persons, government officers, representatives of non-governmental organisations, local communities and experts.
Findings
Most of the so-called inclusive environments and facilities have not been user-friendly in actual practice. The findings suggest that policies are an essential precondition; however, implementation and management must not be ignored because they ensure the effectiveness of inclusive design.
Research limitations/implications
Comprehensive and continuous studies on the proposed framework are recommended throughout the policy, implementation and management processes.
Practical implications
The findings serve as a reference and direction for taking a holistic approach to inclusive design of open space in densely populated cities.
Social implications
This study examines the levels of inclusive open space and illustrates how to provide barrier-free environments that can be used by the widest spectrum of people.
Originality/value
This study evaluates policy, implementation and management in the three cities based on 29 guidelines generated from seven principles of inclusive design. A research framework is proposed for researchers and policymakers to consider how to achieve effective inclusive open spaces.
Details
Keywords
Kin Wai Michael Siu and Jia Xin Xiao
This paper aims to address convenience as a prominent feature of a scheduled society and examines the nature of convenience, identifies the waste collection system and recycling…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to address convenience as a prominent feature of a scheduled society and examines the nature of convenience, identifies the waste collection system and recycling programmes in some densely populated areas in Asia and discusses the existing barriers to enhancing the convenience of the recycling facilities in Hong Kong. The paper further identifies some recommendations for the policy and design of recycling practices and facilities.
Design/methodology/approach
In this qualitative study, two districts in Hong Kong from 2013 to 2014 were used as case studies. The research methods included field observations, semi-structured interviews and ethnographic research. The locations for field observation included lobbies, corridors, lifts, ground floors and streets. Direct interviews were conducted with residents, cleaners, government officials and expert planners and environmentalists. In-depth interviews and observations were conducted with six families following the interviews to identify important issues that might have been ignored in the semi-structured interviews and field observations.
Findings
A holistic understanding of convenience in a scheduled society is effective in the design of high-quality recycling facilities. In terms of convenience, the gap between recycling and not recycling is rather obvious in Hong Kong. Therefore, it is necessary and important to adjust the difference in the degree of convenience regarding refuse disposal and recyclable collection. In addition, the enhancement of economic incentives could shift the degree of convenience and encourage public participation in recycling. The challenges of specific living conditions and social contexts should also be taken into account to enhance the convenience of recycling.
Research limitations/implications
Further case studies are expected in other countries and cities with the purpose of gaining an in-depth understanding of the means by which to approach the convenience of recycling programmes within various social contexts. Comprehensive and continuous studies on these factors are recommended throughout the design and implementation processes to account for constantly changing situations. A clear understanding of convenience from the perspective of the users is important.
Practical implications
The findings provide reference and direction for a holistic approach to the design and management of recycling facilities in Hong Kong. The findings also advocate the consideration of convenience from the perspective of the users.
Social implications
The findings illustrate how to design and manage public facilities for waste recycling in ways that encourage household and community participation in terms of convenience.
Originality/value
The paper identifies the manner by which the culture of convenience and an institutionalised rhythm influence recycling practices. Although substantial studies on recycling indicate that convenience is a necessary characteristic of designs and services, the nature of convenience and the means by which to approach convenience in terms of public facilities are seldom discussed. The paper proposes several recommendations on the basis of the studies of the refuse collection programmes in other areas of Asia and case studies in Hong Kong. The findings provide insights for policymakers, researchers and designers to improve the design of public facilities.
Details
Keywords
Yu Gong, Fu Jia and Steve Brown
Operations and Logistics.
Abstract
Subject area
Operations and Logistics.
Study level/applicability
Senior undergraduate students and postgraduate students specialising in agricultural economics/agribusiness/supply chain management and can also be used for executive training for supply chain managers and corporate social responsibility (CSR) managers of food companies.
Case overview
This case presents an industry leading company – Nestlé’s sustainable initiative in its dairy supply chain in China. The case begins with the background of China’s dairy industry, followed by an introduction of the case company. The case then moves on to the comparison of Nestlé’s fresh milk supply chain operation before and after 2008 and different approaches to help the dairy suppliers’ transformation. The focus is on Nestlé’s innovative industry collaboration platform, the Dairy Farming Institute.
Expected learning outcomes
This case allows students to explore the following theoretical frameworks: sustainable supply chain management; supply chain leadership, supply chain learning and supply chain structure. By analysing this case, students should be able to gain an understanding of how multinational corporations (MNCs) play a supply chain leadership role in supply chain learning of sustainable supply chain initiatives.
Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.
Subject code
CSS 9: Operations and Logistics.
Details
Keywords
Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some…
Abstract
Aim of the present monograph is the economic analysis of the role of MNEs regarding globalisation and digital economy and in parallel there is a reference and examination of some legal aspects concerning MNEs, cyberspace and e‐commerce as the means of expression of the digital economy. The whole effort of the author is focused on the examination of various aspects of MNEs and their impact upon globalisation and vice versa and how and if we are moving towards a global digital economy.
Details
Keywords
Michael J Rooney, Yair Levy, Wei Li and Ajoy Kumar
The increased use of Information Systems (IS) as a working tool for employees increases the number of accounts and passwords required. Despite being more aware of password…
Abstract
Purpose
The increased use of Information Systems (IS) as a working tool for employees increases the number of accounts and passwords required. Despite being more aware of password entropy, users still often participate in deviant password behaviors, known as “password workarounds” or “shadow security.” These deviant password behaviors can put individuals and organizations at risk, resulting in a data breach. This paper aims to engage IS users and Subject Matter Experts (SMEs), focused on designing, developing and empirically validating the Password Workaround Cybersecurity Risk Taxonomy (PaWoCyRiT) – a 2x2 taxonomy constructed by aggregated scores of perceived cybersecurity risks from Password Workarounds (PWWAs) techniques and their usage frequency.
Design/methodology/approach
This research study was a developmental design conducted in three phases using qualitative and quantitative methods: (1) A set of 10 PWWAs that were identified from the literature were validated by SMEs along with their perspectives on the PWWAs usage and risk for data breach; (2) A pilot study was conducted to ensure reliability and validity and identify if any measurement issues would have hindered the results and (3) The main study data collection was conducted with a large group of IS users, where also they reported on coworkers' engagement frequencies related to the PWWAs.
Findings
The results indicate that statistically significant differences were found between SMEs and IS users in their aggregated perceptions of risks of the PWWAs in causing a data breach, with IS users perceiving higher risks. Engagement patterns varied between the two groups, as well as factors like years of IS experience, gender and job level had statistically significant differences among groups.
Practical implications
The PaWoCyRiT taxonomy that the we have developed and empirically validated is a handy tool for organizational cyber risk officers. The taxonomy provides organizations with a quantifiable means to assess and ultimately mitigate cybersecurity risks.
Social implications
Passwords have been used for a long time to grant controlled access to classified spaces, electronics, networks and more. However, the dramatic increase in user accounts over the past few decades has exposed the realization that technological measures alone cannot ensure a high level of IS security; this leaves the end-users holding a critical role in protecting their organization and personal information. Thus, the taxonomy that the authors have developed and empirically validated provides broader implications for society, as it assists organizations in all industries with the ability to mitigate the risks of data breaches that can result from PWWAs.
Originality/value
The taxonomy the we have developed and validated, the PaWoCyRiT, provides organizations with insights into password-related risks and behaviors that may lead to data breaches.
Details
Keywords
The purpose of this paper is to examine what use has been made of civil recovery legislation in the first three years of its existence and to explain the legal issues which have…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine what use has been made of civil recovery legislation in the first three years of its existence and to explain the legal issues which have been raised before the courts so far. It also examines the legislative and non‐legislative changes to the civil recovery scheme since it is commencement in 2003.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses examples from amongst those cases initiated by the Assets Recovery Agency and draws on both reported and unreported court rulings.
Findings
The civil recovery cases brought against property by the Assets Recovery Agency may be classified into six categories: where a potential criminal defendant has died and is therefore beyond prosecution; where a criminal defendant has been acquitted; where a criminal defendant was convicted but the confiscation hearing failed; where the respondent is not within the jurisdiction; where the owner of the property is uncertain; and where a respondent is unprosecutable due to insufficient evidence.
Originality/value
The paper provides a useful framework for law enforcement agencies which are considering what type of cases they may useful refer for possible civil proceedings by the Agency. The paper also sets out for practitioners a useful summary of the civil recovery jurisprudence which has so far developed.
Details
Keywords
This study aims to explore the phenomenon of training engagement from the trainers’ perspective. Specifically, two questions guided this inquiry. First, how do trainers define…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the phenomenon of training engagement from the trainers’ perspective. Specifically, two questions guided this inquiry. First, how do trainers define engagement in the training context? and What strategies do trainers use to engage trainees?
Design/methodology/approach
The collective case study approach was adopted for this qualitative study. Seven cases were selected for in-depth analyses. Data were collected through individual, face-to-face interviews and analyzed using the constant comparative analysis method.
Findings
Major findings suggest that engaging training practices take various forms. They include being trainee-centered, maximizing learning through entertaining and interesting instruction, accommodating different learning styles, eliciting trainee participation by creating an encouraging learning environment and connecting with trainees by building rapport early in a training session.
Research limitations/implications
The small sample limits the generalizability of the findings. However, this study expands training literature by focusing on an under-explored research area, the role of engaging trainees in maximizing learning outcomes.
Practical implications
For trainers, this study offered some specific strategies they can use to engage learners in the training context to achieve desired learning outcomes. In addition, the seven cases selected for this study may be used as a benchmark against which both experienced and novice trainers compared their own practices.
Originality/value
This is one of very few qualitative studies with a focus on emotional aspects involved in training. The rich data from this study shed light on areas for future improvement, particularly regarding how to effectively engage trainees to maximize learning outcomes.