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Article
Publication date: 14 August 2023

Hasim Kafali and İbrahim Güçlü

In this context, this study aims to obtain information about the noise levels emitted to the environment by modeling the noise map of Dalaman Airport and correlating these noise…

347

Abstract

Purpose

In this context, this study aims to obtain information about the noise levels emitted to the environment by modeling the noise map of Dalaman Airport and correlating these noise values according to the Environmental Noise Directive (END) and World Health Organization (WHO) limits.

Design/methodology/approach

Dalaman Airport Aeronautical Information Publication and 2022 flight data from the airport were analyzed. The noise levels exposed to schools and health institutions were determined using the Cnossos–Eu calculation method.

Findings

Maximum noise levels were obtained as Lden 92.29 dB(A), Lday 85.24 dB(A), Levening 89.00 dB(A) and Lnight 85.23 dB(A) according to the noise indicators. Limit values recommended by the END and WHO according to noise indicator types and measurement results were correlated and evaluated.

Originality/value

In the noise modeling of Dalaman Airport, there has previously been no evaluation of the noise limits recommended according to END or WHO in the literature.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 95 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 25 October 2021

Erdem Tunca, Hasan Saribas, Hasim Kafali and Sinem Kahvecioglu

The purpose of this paper is to monitor the backup indicators in case of indicator failure and to minimize the situations when the pilot may be unable to monitor the indicator…

383

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to monitor the backup indicators in case of indicator failure and to minimize the situations when the pilot may be unable to monitor the indicator effectively in emergency situations.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the pointer positions of different indicators were determined with a deep learning-based algorithm. Within the scope of the study, the pointer on the analog indicators obtained from aircraft cockpits was detected with the YOLOv4 object detector. Then, segmentation was made with the GrabCut algorithm to detect the pointer in the detected region more precisely. Finally, a line including the segmented pointer was found using the least-squares method, and the exact direction of the pointer was determined and the angle value of the pointer was obtained by using the inverse tangent function. In addition, to detect the pointer of the YOLOv4 object detection method and to test the designed method, a data set consisting of videos taken from aircraft cockpits was created and labeled.

Findings

The analog indicator pointers were detected with great accuracy by the YOLOv4 and YOLOv4-Tiny detectors. The experimental results show that the proposed method estimated the angle of the pointer with a high degree of accuracy. The developed method can reduce the workloads of both pilots and flight engineers. Similarly, the performance of pilots can be evaluated with this method.

Originality/value

The authors propose a novel real-time method which consists of detection, segmentation and line regression modules for mapping the angle of the pointers on analog indicators. A data set that includes analog indicators taken from aircraft cockpits was collected and labeled to train and test the proposed method.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 94 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 13 October 2020

Hasim Kafali and Göksel Keskin

The purpose of this paper is to create a conceptual design a bird-inspired unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that can stay in the air for a long time while this design influences the…

329

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to create a conceptual design a bird-inspired unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that can stay in the air for a long time while this design influences the species near the airport with predator appearance. To achieve that goal, reverse engineering methods took into account to find out optimal parameter, and effective bird species were examined to be taken as an example.

Design/methodology/approach

Design parameters were determined according to the behaviour of bird species in the region and their natural enemies. Dalaman airport where is located near the fresh water supplies and sea, was chosen as the area to run. To keep such birds away from the airport and to prevent potential incidents, information from animal behaviour studies is enormously important. According to Tinbergen, chicken and gees reacted to all short-necked birds because they thought they were predators. The entire method is based on information from these data, along with reverse engineering principles.

Findings

UAV can remain in the air for more than 5 min when the engine stops at an altitude of 200 m. Also, when the UAV loses altitude of 100 m, it can cover a distance of about 2 m with the 19.8-glide ratio. Moreover, 380 KV brushless electric motor can provide 5.2 kg thrust force with 17 × 8-inch folding propeller which means 1.3 thrust to weight ratio (T/W). This engine and propeller combination work up to 12 min at maximum power with 7000 mAh lipo-battery. The UAV can climb more than 40 min at 0.2 T/W ratio.

Research limitations/implications

While bird-inspired UAV trials have just begun, general ornithopter studies have taken smaller birds as their source because this is the limit of the flapping wing, one of the largest birds modelled in this study. Thus, it is inevitable the UAV influences other birds in the area. In addition, this bird’s inherent flight behaviour, such as soaring, ridge lifting and gliding, will increase its credibility. Owing to size similarity with UAV systems, reverse engineering methods worked well in the design.

Practical implications

Some of the specialist try to fly trained falcon in airport as an alternative method. This study focussed on the design of a bird-inspired UAV by optimizing the glide performance, both for scare the other birds around the airport and for the observation of birds in the vicinity and for the identification of bird species.

Social implications

As this type of work has been proven to reduce the risk of bird strikes, the sense of flight safety on society will increase.

Originality/value

Researchers and companies generally work on flapping wing models for related subjects. However, these products are kind of model of the Falconiformes species which don’t have too much influence on big birds. For this reason, the authors took account of Imperial eagle’s specifications. These birds perform long soaring flights while seeking for prey like the glider design. So, the authors think it is a new approach for designing UAV for preventing bird-strike.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 93 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 23 September 2020

Mehmet Kadri Akyüz, Hasim Kafali and Onder Altuntas

This paper aims to measure the thermal comfort conditions and indoor air quality parameters, through on-site measurements taken in the areas mostly occupied by the passengers and…

596

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to measure the thermal comfort conditions and indoor air quality parameters, through on-site measurements taken in the areas mostly occupied by the passengers and airport staff. Terminal buildings consist of areas with various functions. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning requirements vary from area to area, thus leading to challenges in the management of indoor environment quality. Therefore, the study focuses on investigating the indoor environment conditions in various areas of the terminal buildings.

Design/methodology/approach

In this study, the thermal comfort and indoor air quality were evaluated based on the parameters [CO2 concentration, relative humidity, temperature, predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD)] collected for summer 2019 from different zones inside the International Dalaman Airport terminal building located in the southwest of Turkey. The measurements were performed in the areas mostly occupied by the airport staff and passengers (check-in area, security control areas, international departure lounge, domestic departure lounge and baggage claim hall).

Findings

As a result of the study, it was observed that the CO2 concentration was 480–965 ppm, the relative humidity was 51.9–75.8% and the temperature was in the range of 23.9°C–28.3°C inside the airport terminal. The PMV values were determined to be in the range of −0.23 to 0.67, and the PPD values 5–15%, which are used to measure the thermal comfort conditions.

Originality/value

There has been limited study on the determination of the indoor air quality in airport terminals and the investigation of the thermal comfort conditions. However, in this study, indoor air quality and thermal comfort conditions were determined by on-site measurements in the five mostly occupied areas by passengers and employees in the terminal building.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 93 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 31 July 2020

Hasim Kafali and Onder Altuntas

This study aims to present atmospheric emissions (NOx, CO and HC) of commercial flights at Dalaman Airport for the years between 2016 and 2018.

352

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to present atmospheric emissions (NOx, CO and HC) of commercial flights at Dalaman Airport for the years between 2016 and 2018.

Design/methodology/approach

Growing up, the potential for domestic and international airports will cause an increase in air transportation. Increasing demand for air transportation will cause adverse environmental impacts as well as positive economic contributions. Finding negative environmental effects and searching for solutions is an essential first step.

Findings

Emissions were calculated under three different groups (as daily, number of flights and per passenger). The maximum CO emission calculated was 1031.71 kg/day in August 2018, 41.55 g/pax. in October 2016 and 6909.27 g/flight in August 2018. The maximum HC emission calculated was 117.22 kg/day in August 2018, 4.78 g/pax. in May 2018 and 796.47 g/flight in May 2018. The maximum NOx emission calculated was 148.63 kg/day in August 2018, 6.04 g/pax. in October 2017 and 995.34 g/flight in August 2018.

Practical implications

The current study intends to show how can emission results differ under three different units.

Originality/value

The originality is the using of the real-time values for all calculations. The value of this study is to be key study for future applications of emission calculation methodologies.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 92 no. 10
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

Available. Open Access. Open Access

Abstract

Details

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing and Special Equipment, vol. 4 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2633-6596

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