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For any company, the management of the new product development process is critical to maintaining its market share and competitive advantage. The consequences of designs which are incompatible with key business processes of a company are more severe now than ever before. Focuses on the importance of recognizing that the design process has more to contribute to a manufacturing business than the technological progress it helps to bring about. To this end, for some years now, the principles of design for manufacture have been applied right across the industry, but these have invariably concentrated on making the manufacturing processes simpler, more consistent, user‐friendly and cheaper to operate. This philosophy needs to be extended much further so that the design process takes full account of the requirements of the total supply chain to ensure maximum flexibility and responsiveness to customer demands at a minimum total cost to the business.

Fresh out of the two-century-old British legacy, Bangladesh, formerly known as East Pakistan from 1947 to 1971, was searching for a post-colonial architectural style. Colonial architecture in the region in general often imposed imported European elements, ignoring the preceding legacies of the Sultanate and the Mughals. The critical challenge was to find a balance between the prevailing high modernism in architecture and the local vernacular and climatic forces. The Pakistani government invited international architects to fill the gap left by a non-existent local architectural industry. Unfortunately, their work has rarely been properly analyzed. With selected case studies, this paper analyzes their work in an attempt to explore their contribution to creating a national architectural identity.

This study uses a case study approach with selected architectural projects from the period. It uses research tools such as systematic analysis of drawings, volumes and photographs and archival research.

The international architects took inspiration from the strong vernacular and climatic forces of the region. The resultant expressions of the two-decade-long search in their combined body of work are some of the finest examples of vernacular and climate-responsive architecture in the region. They transcended the regular international style and became context-specific and unique. The quest for East Pakistan's post-colonial architectural identity was partially met by the newly found identity through vernacular and climate-responsive adaptation in architecture.

This study explores how a unified vernacular and climate-responsive adaptations potentially shaped the post-colonial architectural identity of the region. No prior study exists on this issue for the time period.

Purpose: This chapter examines the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in tourism operations, focusing on its influence on financial performance, social well-being, and environmental sustainability. This chapter aims to fill gaps in the literature by investigating the relationship between CSR dimensions and financial performance in tourism organizations, as well as the social and environmental impacts of integrating CSR principles into tourism operations.

Design/methodology/approach: This chapter employs a comprehensive literature review to explore the historical background of CSR, its conceptual framework, and its application in the tourism industry. It examines the various dimensions of CSR and their potential effects on financial performance, social well-being, and environmental sustainability in tourism operations.

Findings: The findings suggest that CSR initiatives in tourism operations can lead to improved financial performance through factors such as increased sales, cost savings, and enhanced market value. Furthermore, CSR practices contribute to social well-being by creating job opportunities, supporting local communities, and preserving cultural heritage. Additionally, CSR activities promote environmental sustainability by reducing resource consumption, conserving biodiversity, and mitigating the negative impacts of tourism on ecosystems.

Originality/value: This chapter contributes to the literature by providing insights into the relationship between CSR and financial performance in tourism organizations, as well as the social and environmental impacts of CSR integration in the tourism industry. The findings highlight the importance of incorporating CSR principles into tourism operations to promote sustainable development and responsible tourism practices.

This research aims to examine the viability of micro-health takaful in Malaysia. Current practices in the takaful industry in Malaysia reveal that takaful operators (TOs) are keen on offering products that are affordable for middle- to high-income people. However, the concept of takaful is based on mutual help, and, hence, it is believed that TOs should offer products affordable by the poor and lower income people.

To achieve this objective, the interest of the poor to participate in this product is examined by sending the questionnaire. In addition, TOs were approached to understand why micro-health takaful products have not been offered as yet. The regulator was also interviewed to gauge whether the government is supportive of this scheme.

From the survey, it was noted that the poor people are interested to participate in such a scheme. However, most of them are only willing to contribute about RM5 per month, while some of the respondents, especially, zakat recipients are unable to afford to pay at all. The zakat authority when interviewed stated they were unable to contribute on behalf of the zakat recipients. To a certain extent, zakat authority is required to obtain an approval from the National Fatwa Council with regard to that issue. The regulator views that the micro takaful is still in an experimental stage. From the perspective of TOs, it might be viable if the product is offered as part of the corporate social responsibility, rather than by individual operators. Therefore, it could be summed up that micro-health takaful will be viable if and only if TOs collectively offer it as a part of their corporate social responsibility, and it must be subsidized by the zakat or waqf authorities.

Particularly, this study only considers a limited geography in Malaysia to understand the viability of micro-health. On the same note, the current focus of the study is on micro-health takaful in which it has not tapped other potential micro takaful products.

This study is a pioneering effort in understanding the viability of the micro health takaful in Malaysia.

Kashmir is widely recognised as a prominent tourist destination within the Himalayan region of India. The Valley is abundant with a diverse range of valuable tourism assets. In order to ensure the sustainable utilization of these tourism resources, the implementation of an appropriate tourism policy is necessary. The primary objective of this study is to analyse government policies pertaining to the expansion and advancement of tourism in the Kashmir region. Additionally, the study also seeks to evaluate the potential for tourism and the influx of tourists in Kashmir. The Government of India has developed a preliminary tourist policy, as indicated by the research findings. It also focuses on enhancing human resources and tourism infrastructure, ensuring the safety and security of tourists and promoting tourism education within the state. Furthermore, the government is diligently endeavouring to foster the growth of ecotourism and lesser known tourist locations through collaborative efforts with many relevant entities. This study utilises secondary data sources to analyse the economic implications of tourism in the region of Jammu and Kashmir. It aims to investigate several indicators of economic progress, including tourist arrivals, job creation, the state's gross domestic product (GDP), infrastructure development and regional advancement. In addition to the agricultural industry, the tourist sector has emerged as a prominent contributor to the economy, serving as a significant source of income and employment opportunities.

According to a report by the Afghan embassy in Delhi, refugees from Afghanistan, estimated at around 30,000 families, have, over the past two and a half decades, fled from their home towns due to large-scale conflicts, seeking safety in India's capital city. Many outsiders call Delhi home, but the Afghan people can claim a special relationship with India and her capital. To understand why, we must recall the history, both the ancient and the modern, of the two nations. There are nearly 11,000 Afghan refugees registered with the UNHCR in India, mainly living in Delhi and bordering areas. The refugees in Delhi face considerable hardships and difficulties. The Indian government and UNHCR should make it a priority to protect these Afghan refugees. While recognition of UNHCR-recognized China and Afghan refugees is greatly appreciated, the Indian government must be sensitive and sensitize others about their situation in Delhi and ensure timely attainment of recognition, registration, residential permits and exit permits without unnecessary cost or delay or corruption. The resettlement program must also be expanded and prioritized for Afghan refugees living in Delhi, particularly within large resettlement countries such as the US without any discrimination based on culture, language or religion. Without adequate and timely protection mechanisms and proper community support structures in place, the protection and assistance to the vulnerable section of society would be hard to attain and resolve.

The purpose of this study is to focus on Pakistan’s food manufacturing enterprises and explore the knowledge and implications of green innovation, green intellectual capital (GIC) and green human resource management (GHRM) in achieving environmental performance and competitive advantage.

Using a quantitative approach, this research adopted a cross-sectional survey design to facilitate an objective and precise evaluation of the proposed relationships. The demographic comprised managers and supervisors from food manufacturing enterprises in Lahore, Pakistan. Through purposive sampling, 281 respondents were selected, ensuring representation from food enterprises.

This study explores that GIC is vital for implementing sustainable technologies in Pakistan’s food sectors. GIC and human resource management are identified as accelerators for green innovation, potentially providing an enhanced environmental performance and competitive edge.

By recognizing the potential of green practices as strategic resources, managers in the Pakistani food sector invest in fostering intangible resources and GIC. This approach leads to sustainable market dominance and efficient operations through continuous green innovation and effective stakeholder communication.

This research offers a consolidated view of the function of GIC in encouraging green innovations in Pakistan’s food enterprises, emphasizing the importance of GHRM procedures and sustainable business methods. This study also provides insights into the strategic management of green projects from a managerial perspective, emphasizing the need for alignment with company strategy and stakeholder communication.

This study aims to analyze the evolution and current state of talent management in learning organizations and the design of managerial curricula, highlighting the challenges and opportunities in the context of a rapidly changing global business environment.

A narrative literature review was conducted, tracing the conceptual evolution of learning organizations. Seminal works emphasizing continuous learning and transformation were highlighted, and the progression of managerial education was analyzed, from its early focus on ethics and soft skills to its current emphasis on sustainability, digital literacy and experiential learning.

The research reveals challenges in balancing foundational knowledge with emerging competencies in curriculum design. Tensions are evident in maintaining relevance in rapidly changing, globally interconnected environments. Notable limitations include the trade-offs in innovation and the need to cater to diverse student demographics.

This review uniquely synthesizes developments at the intersection of curriculum innovation, organizational learning and curriculum design, offering valuable insights for institutions aiming to nurture talent for modern learning organizations.