Mati Ullah, Chunhui Zhao and Hamid Maqsood
The purpose of this paper is to design a hybrid robust tracking controller based on an improved radial basis function artificial neural network (IRBFANN) and a novel…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design a hybrid robust tracking controller based on an improved radial basis function artificial neural network (IRBFANN) and a novel extended-state observer for a quadrotor system with various model and parametric uncertainties and external disturbances to enhance the resiliency of the control system.
Design/methodology/approach
An IRBFANN is introduced as an adaptive compensator tool for model and parametric uncertainties in the control algorithm of non-singular rapid terminal sliding-mode control (NRTSMC). An exact-time extended state observer (ETESO) augmented with NRTSMC is designed to estimate the unknown exogenous disturbances and ensure fast states convergence while overcoming the singularity issue. The novelty of this work lies in the online updating of weight parameters of the RBFANN algorithm by using a new idea of incorporating an exponential sliding-mode effect, which makes a remarkable effort to make the control protocol adaptive to uncertain model parameters. A comparison of the proposed scheme with other conventional schemes shows its much better performance in the presence of parametric uncertainties and exogenous disturbances.
Findings
The investigated control strategy presents a robust adaptive law based on IRBFANN with a fast convergence rate and improved estimation accuracy via a novel ETESO.
Practical implications
To enhance the safety level and ensure stable flight operations by the quadrotor in the presence of high-order complex disturbances and uncertain environments, it is imperative to devise a robust control law.
Originality/value
A new idea of incorporating an exponential sliding-mode effect instead of conventional approaches in the algorithm of the RBFANN is used, which makes the control law resistant to model and parametric uncertainties. The ETESO provides rapid and accurate disturbance estimation results and updates the control law to overcome the performance degradation caused by the disturbances. Simulation results depict the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy.
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Mati Ullah, Chunhui Zhao, Hamid Maqsood, Mahmood Ul Hassan and Muhammad Humayun
This paper aims to design an adaptive nonlinear strategy capable of timely detection and reconstruction of faults in the attitude’s sensors of an autonomous aerial vehicle with…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to design an adaptive nonlinear strategy capable of timely detection and reconstruction of faults in the attitude’s sensors of an autonomous aerial vehicle with greater accuracy concerning other conventional approaches in the literature.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed scheme integrates a baseline nonlinear controller with an improved radial basis function neural network (IRBFNN) to detect different kinds of anomalies and failures that may occur in the attitude’s sensors of an autonomous aerial vehicle. An integral sliding mode concept is used as auto-tune weight update law in the IRBFNN instead of conventional weight update laws to optimize its learning capability without computational complexities. The simulations results and stability analysis validate the promising contributions of the suggested methodology over the other conventional approaches.
Findings
The performance of the proposed control algorithm is compared with the conventional radial basis function neural network (RBFNN), multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) and high gain observer (HGO) for a quadrotor vehicle suffering from various kinds of faults, e.g. abrupt, incipient and intermittent. From the simulation results obtained, it is found that the proposed algorithm’s performance in faults detection and estimation is relatively better than the rest of the methodologies.
Practical implications
For the improvement in the stability and safety of an autonomous aerial vehicle during flight operations, quick identification and reconstruction of attitude’s sensor faults and failures always play a crucial role. Efficient fault detection and estimation scheme are considered indispensable for an error-free and safe flight mission of an autonomous aerial vehicle.
Originality/value
The proposed scheme introduces RBFNN techniques to detect and estimate the quadrotor attitude’s sensor faults and failures efficiently. An integral sliding mode effect is used as the network’s backpropagation law to automatically modify its learning parameters accordingly, thereby speeding up the learning capabilities as compared to the conventional neural network backpropagation laws. Compared with the other investigated techniques, the proposed strategy achieve remarkable results in the detection and estimation of various faults.
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Muhammad Taimoor, Xiao Lu, Hamid Maqsood and Chunyang Sheng
The objective of this research is to investigate various neural network (NN) observer techniques for sensors fault identification and diagnosis of nonlinear system in…
Abstract
Purpose
The objective of this research is to investigate various neural network (NN) observer techniques for sensors fault identification and diagnosis of nonlinear system in consideration of numerous faults, failures, uncertainties and disturbances. For the importunity of increasing the faults diagnosis and reconstruction preciseness, a new technique is used for modifying the weight parameters of NNs without enhancement of computational complexities.
Design/methodology/approach
Various techniques such as adaptive radial basis functions (ARBF), conventional radial basis functions, adaptive multi-layer perceptron, conventional multi-layer perceptron and extended state observer are presented. For increasing the fault detection preciseness, a new technique is used for updating the weight parameters of radial basis functions and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) without enhancement of computational complexities. Lyapunov stability theory and sliding-mode surface concepts are used for the weight-updating parameters. Based on the combination of these two concepts, the weight parameters of NNs are updated adaptively. The key purpose of utilization of adaptive weight is to enhance the detection of faults with high accuracy. Because of the online adaptation, the ARBF can detect various kinds of faults and failures such as simultaneous, incipient, intermittent and abrupt faults effectively. Results depict that the suggested algorithm (ARBF) demonstrates more confrontation to unknown disturbances, faults and system dynamics compared with other investigated techniques and techniques used in the literature. The proposed algorithms are investigated by the utilization of quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle dynamics, which authenticate the efficiency of the suggested algorithm.
Findings
The proposed Lyapunov function theory and sliding-mode surface-based strategy are studied, which shows more efficiency to unknown faults, failures, uncertainties and disturbances compared with conventional approaches as well as techniques used in the literature.
Practical implications
For improvement of the system safety and for avoiding failure and damage, the rapid fault detection and isolation has a great significance; the proposed approaches in this research work guarantee the detection and reconstruction of unknown faults, which has a great significance for practical life.
Originality/value
In this research, two strategies such Lyapunov function theory and sliding-mode surface concept are used in combination for tuning the weight parameters of NNs adaptively. The main purpose of these strategies is the fault diagnosis and reconstruction with high accuracy in terms of shape as well as the magnitude of unknown faults. Results depict that the proposed strategy is more effective compared with techniques used in the literature.
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Bushra Naeem, Muhammad Aqeel, Aneela Maqsood, Ishrat Yousaf and Saima Ehsan
This study aims to explore the indigenous needs of married women in Pakistan due to the public health challenges they face due to marital conflict. The research focuses on…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the indigenous needs of married women in Pakistan due to the public health challenges they face due to marital conflict. The research focuses on investigating psychometric properties and cross-cultural validation of the revised dyadic adjustment scale’s (RDAS) Urdu translated version to assess marital relationship quality between married madrassa and non-madrassa women. The study examines empirically validated two-factor model (RDAS) between married madrassa and non-madrassa women (Busby et al., 1995; Hollist et al., 2012; Isanezhad et al., 2012; Christensen et al., 2006) and (Bayraktaroglu and Cakici, 2017). These studies approach including consensus, satisfaction and cohesion.
Design/methodology/approach
The investigators executed the study into two phases: a pilot test and the main survey.
Findings
The pilot study's findings specified that the Urdu translated version of the revised DAS indicated a decent internal consistency (a = 0.70). The overall revised DAS maintained a stronger test-retest correlation and tested it over 15 days (r = 0.95). The main study recorded 300 respondents' responses from madrassa and non-madrassa married women using a purposive sampling approach and recruited them from the locality of various madrassas and housing societies of Islamabad, Azad Kashmir and Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The study findings showed higher intercorrelations between total and subscales of the revised DAS. It further compared the groups with a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) method and examined the revised DAS structure in married madrassa and non-madrassa women.
Practical implications
This study contributes to scientific knowledge and helps develop and validate indigenous cross-cultural instruments to examine marital life quality. It offers practical and reliable information about Pakistani couples' emotional attachment and marriage adjustment issues.
Originality/value
The study applied a three-factor solution, and it demonstrated a robust factorial validity in the context of Pakistani culture, which is a novel contribution to the literature.
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Amirreza Rezaei, Saba Ahmadi and Hamid Karimi
This study aims to determine the effect of online social networks on university students’ environmentally responsible behavior (ERB). This research aimed to develop and test a…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to determine the effect of online social networks on university students’ environmentally responsible behavior (ERB). This research aimed to develop and test a behavioral model in the context of online social networks, where students’ attitudes, knowledge and behavior influence their ERB.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quasi-experiment with a pretest-posttest design and a random parallelization control group. The research used a questionnaire to assess ERB, environmental attitudes and environmental knowledge. The researcher randomly assigned 120 students to an experimental and a control group of equal size. Both groups initially completed a pretest. The experimental group was trained in environmental issues over four months (an academic semester) via an online social network.
Findings
The findings indicated that the social network had a significant effect on motivating ERB. Additionally, it improved environmental attitudes. According to the results, online social networks such as Facebook can significantly aid in teaching and learning environmental issues in formal academic settings.
Originality/value
Online social networks facilitated significant cognitive progress in environmental education. The primary objective is to educate students about ERB.
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Geotechnologies have a long tradition in several areas of society and research. The recent development of the ‘Internet of Everything’ (IoE) and Geographic Information Systems…
Abstract
Geotechnologies have a long tradition in several areas of society and research. The recent development of the ‘Internet of Everything’ (IoE) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technologies opened several doors to the contribution of tourism. Emergent technologies contributions to tourism and planning such as web mapping, augmented reality (AR), crowdsourcing and crowdsensing are relatively recent, and there is a lack of research around their potential for Creative Tourism enhancement. For example, combining web mapping with AR or storytelling can be an excellent contribution to operators, planners and tourists. For research purposes, new opportunities are open, particularly by integrating community-shared data. It is well known for the popularity of social networks, the exponential growth of photo sharing, but few studies have been implemented to understand their contribution to research. This chapter focuses on emerging geotechnologies concerning cultural mapping, Creative Tourism and sustainability. Since it is a new growing niche, more research is needed to develop and understand the potential of new approaches. Besides traditional techniques such as quantitative (e.g. surveys) and qualitative ones (e.g. interviews, focus groups and world café), it revises the role of geotechnologies on Creative Tourism development and growing activities. Results from case studies from Europe are analysed.
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Gholamhossein Mehralian, Jamal A. Nazari, Peyman Akhavan and Hamid Reza Rasekh
This paper aims to explore the relationship between knowledge creation and intellectual capital (IC) through an empirical study in the pharmaceutical industry. In the current…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore the relationship between knowledge creation and intellectual capital (IC) through an empirical study in the pharmaceutical industry. In the current economy, knowledge and IC are considered as the most important organizational assets and are the key resources in gaining competitive advantage.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper adopts the socialization, externalization, combination and internalization (SECI) model to examine the format of knowledge creation processes (KCP) and uses a model to demonstrate the relationship between KCP and IC and its components in the pharmaceutical industry. A valid instrument was adopted to collect the required data on KCP and and IC dimensions. Structural equation modeling was used to assess the measurement model and to test the research hypotheses using the data collected from 470 completed questionnaires.
Findings
The results supported the research model and revealed that KCP has significant influence on the accumulation of human capital. The performance of human capital manifests significant impact on structural capital and relational capital.
Practical limitations/implications
Given the strong association between KCP and IC, managers should define their own robust operations for knowledge creation to improve their IC accumulation.
Originality/value
This research departs from the earlier research on KCP–IC by adopting the SECI model and a research model that facilitates the exploration of the relationship between KCP and IC dimensions in the pharmaceutical industry. The research results provided strong support for the KCP–IC relationship.
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Tze Kiat Lui, Mohd Haniff Zainuldin, Ahmad Nazri Wahidudin and Chuan Chew Foo
The purpose of this study aims to empirically examine the corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) levels of conventional and Islamic banks in Malaysia. Additionally, as…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study aims to empirically examine the corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) levels of conventional and Islamic banks in Malaysia. Additionally, as Malaysian banks have different shareholding patterns that are more highly concentrated than those in the developed economies, this study also investigates the impact of ownership concentration on CSRD in both types of banks.
Design/methodology/approach
This study employs hand-collected corporate social responsibility (CSR) data from the annual and sustainability reports of 21 conventional banks and 16 Islamic banks in Malaysia during 2010–2017. The data are then run using the pooled ordinary least square (OLS) with robust standard errors and robust regressions models together with all possible factors determining CSRD in the banking sector.
Findings
This study discovers that Islamic banks disclose a higher level of total CSRD than their conventional counterparts after controlling a number of important determinants of CSRD. These results remain consistent for four different dimensions of CSRD, i.e. employees, communities, environment and products and services. In relation to the impact of ownership concentration on CSRD level, the results show that high ownership concentration reduces the level of CSRD by Malaysian banks. However, in an additional interaction test, the result exhibits a complementary relationship between Islamic banks and ownership concentration in influencing CSRD level.
Research limitations/implications
This study finds that the principle of Islamic accountability has been internalised by Islamic banks, and shaped them to put equal emphasis on the disclosure of CSR practices and the financial information disclosure.
Practical implications
It is recommended for all banks to ensure the integration of a more comprehensive ethical system, such as theological ethical values in every aspect of their business activities. The findings from this study also highlight the necessity for the central bank to increase their monitoring role, especially towards banks with a more concentrated ownership structure by limiting the size of shareholdings by any particular types of owners.
Originality/value
Only a few studies have compared CSR practices between these two types of banks, and most of them are descriptive and qualitative in nature. This study is the first that uses a robust model with a high R-squared value, which control for all possible factors determining CSRD in the banking sector.
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The purpose of the paper is to showcase the significant achievements of Egypt's scientists in the 20th century across various fields of study such as medicine, physics, chemistry…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the paper is to showcase the significant achievements of Egypt's scientists in the 20th century across various fields of study such as medicine, physics, chemistry, biology, math, geology, astronomy and engineering. The paper highlights the struggles and successes of these scientists, as well as the cultural, social and political factors that influenced their lives and work. The aim is to inspire young people to pursue careers in science and make their own contributions to society by presenting these scientists as role models for hard work and dedication. Ultimately, the paper seeks to promote the importance of science and its impact on society.
Design/methodology/approach
The purpose of this review is to present the scientific biographies of Egypt's most distinguished scientists, primarily in the field of Natural Sciences, in a balanced and comprehensive manner. The work is objective, honest and abstract, avoiding any bias or exaggeration. The author provides a clear and concise methodology, including a brief introduction to the scientist and their field of study, an explanation of their major contributions, the impact of their work on society, any challenges or obstacles faced during their career and their lasting legacy. The aim is to showcase the important achievements of these scientists, their impact on their respective fields and to inspire future generations to pursue scientific careers.
Findings
The group of outstanding scientists in 20th century Egypt were shaped by various factors, including familial upbringing, education, society, political and cultural atmosphere and state support for scientific research. These scientists made significant contributions to various academic disciplines, including medicine, physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics and engineering. Their impact on their communities and cultures has received international acclaim, making them role models for future generations of scientists and researchers. The history of these scientists highlights the importance of educational investments and supporting scientific research to foster innovation and social progress. The encyclopedia serves as a useful tool for students, instructors and education professionals, preserving Egypt's scientific heritage and honouring the scientists' outstanding accomplishments.
Research limitations/implications
The encyclopedia preserves Egypt's scientific heritage, which has been overlooked for political or other reasons. It is a useful tool for a variety of readers, including students, instructors and education professionals, and it offers insights into universally relevant scientific success factors as well as scientific research methodologies. The encyclopedia honours the outstanding scientific accomplishments of Egyptian researchers and their contributions to the world's scientific community.
Practical implications
The practical implications of this paper are several. First, it highlights the importance of education, family upbringing and societal support for scientific research in fostering innovation and social progress. Second, it underscores the need for continued funding and support for scientific research to maintain and build upon the accomplishments of past generations of scientists. Third, it encourages young people to pursue scientific careers and make their own contributions to society. Fourth, it preserves the scientific heritage of Egypt and honors the contributions of its outstanding scientists. Finally, it serves as a useful tool for students, instructors and education professionals seeking to understand the factors underlying scientific success and research methodologies.
Social implications
The social implications of the paper include promoting national pride and cultural identity, raising awareness of the importance of education and scientific research in driving social progress, inspiring future generations of scientists and researchers, reducing socioeconomic disparities and emphasizing the role of society, politics and culture in shaping scientific researchers' personalities and interests.
Originality/value
The paper's originality/value lies in its comprehensive documentation of the scientific biographies of Egypt's most prominent scientists in the 20th century, providing unique insights into the factors that contributed to their development and their impact across various academic disciplines. It preserves Egypt's scientific heritage and inspires future generations of scientists and researchers through the promotion of educational investments and scientific research. The encyclopedia serves as a useful tool for education professionals seeking to understand scientific success factors and research methodologies, emphasizing the importance of supportive and inclusive environments for scientific development.
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Kadiane Angaman Alphonse, Guitao Zhang, Bilal Aslam, Shujun Guo, Maowang Ji and Shoaib Maqsood
The purpose of this investigation is to examine how the adaption of digital supply chain management (DSCM) practices affects the efficiency of factories and sustainable…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this investigation is to examine how the adaption of digital supply chain management (DSCM) practices affects the efficiency of factories and sustainable production. The research consists of eight constructs which, respectively, inspired eight hypotheses.
Design/methodology/approach
The emergence of DSCM practices has significant importance for sustainable production and enhances overall firm performance.
Findings
The smart PLS-SEM approach allowed us to examine the data from 450 factories in Côte d'Ivoire. The results indicated that research hypotheses are highly significant and exhibit a strong correlation with DSCM for firm performance and competitiveness. The outcomes underscore the significance of DSCM strategies in achieving competitive advantage, enhancing firm performance and promoting sustainable production within the manufacturing sector.
Originality/value
This study is useful for policymakers, industrialists and the government of Côte d’Ivoire.