Fayza A. Nasr and Hala M. El‐Kamah
Examines the treatability of highly polluted wastewater from a dairy factory prior to its final disposal into the public sewerage system. Physical treatment of the dairy waste via…
Abstract
Examines the treatability of highly polluted wastewater from a dairy factory prior to its final disposal into the public sewerage system. Physical treatment of the dairy waste via aeration, followed by settling, resulted in a 25 per cent chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction and elimination of odours. Chemical treatment achieved almost 50 per cent removal of COD. The chemical‐biological process using activated sludge/trickling filter resulted in 64 per cent and 90 per cent removal of the volatile organic matter value respectively. However, the quality of the waste produced does not meet with the National Regulatory Standards for wastewater disposal into the sewerage system. Chemical‐biological treatment using an upflow anaerobic reactor succeeded in reducing the pollutional parameters to coincide with the limits of the Egyptian Law 93/1962 and produces biogas as a source of energy at a rate of 0.39m3/kg COD removed.
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Sohair I. Abou‐Elela, Fayza A. Nasr, Hala S. Doma, Hanan S. Ibrahim and Nagwa M. Badr
The main purpose of this study is to provide technical support for industrial firms in a new Egyptian industrial city in order to comply with the National Regulatory Standards for…
Abstract
Purpose
The main purpose of this study is to provide technical support for industrial firms in a new Egyptian industrial city in order to comply with the National Regulatory Standards for wastewater discharge into the public sewerage network.
Design/methodology/approach
An execution plan has been prepared to identify the existing environmental status of all the enterprises in the city. To accomplish the planned activities, relevant information was collected from the available records in the city. A unified questionnaire format has been designed for all enterprises including all activities and information required for this study. Accordingly, industries were classified according to their activities and sizes. The information was fed to the computer using a database to control data entry, analysis, and retrieval. Also, the work plan included industrial auditing, wastewater characterization, and application of pollution prevention measures and treatment of end‐of‐pipe.
Findings
Statistical analysis of the collected data showed that 119 enterprises were distributed among different industrial sectors. The size of factories according to number of employees is categorized as micro, small and medium. Characterization of industrial wastewater produced from 37 plants indicated that 50 percent thereof do not comply with the Egyptian environmental laws, for industrial wastewater discharge into the public sewage network. In this study, three factories were selected to solve their environmental problems. Treatability studies and/or pollution prevention approaches for the selected factories were carried out and the recommended solutions were implemented and proved to be cost‐effective.
Originality/value
This paper provides the guidelines for other factories in this Egyptian industrial city to be environmentally friendly via compliance with the local regulatory standards. Dissemination of the achieved results can be applied by other industrial cities in Egypt.