Search results

1 – 10 of over 19000
Per page
102050
Citations:
Loading...
Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 23 October 2023

Nathaniel T. Wilcox

The author presents new estimates of the probability weighting functions found in rank-dependent theories of choice under risk. These estimates are unusual in two senses. First…

Abstract

The author presents new estimates of the probability weighting functions found in rank-dependent theories of choice under risk. These estimates are unusual in two senses. First, they are free of functional form assumptions about both utility and weighting functions, and they are entirely based on binary discrete choices and not on matching or valuation tasks, though they depend on assumptions concerning the nature of probabilistic choice under risk. Second, estimated weighting functions contradict widely held priors of an inverse-s shape with fixed point well in the interior of the (0,1) interval: Instead the author usually finds populations dominated by “optimists” who uniformly overweight best outcomes in risky options. The choice pairs used here mostly do not provoke similarity-based simplifications. In a third experiment, the author shows that the presence of choice pairs that provoke similarity-based computational shortcuts does indeed flatten estimated probability weighting functions.

Details

Models of Risk Preferences: Descriptive and Normative Challenges
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-269-2

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 4 July 2019

Abstract

Details

SDG3 – Good Health and Wellbeing: Re-Calibrating the SDG Agenda: Concise Guides to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78973-709-7

Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 7 September 2023

Martin Götz and Ernest H. O’Boyle

The overall goal of science is to build a valid and reliable body of knowledge about the functioning of the world and how applying that knowledge can change it. As personnel and…

Abstract

The overall goal of science is to build a valid and reliable body of knowledge about the functioning of the world and how applying that knowledge can change it. As personnel and human resources management researchers, we aim to contribute to the respective bodies of knowledge to provide both employers and employees with a workable foundation to help with those problems they are confronted with. However, what research on research has consistently demonstrated is that the scientific endeavor possesses existential issues including a substantial lack of (a) solid theory, (b) replicability, (c) reproducibility, (d) proper and generalizable samples, (e) sufficient quality control (i.e., peer review), (f) robust and trustworthy statistical results, (g) availability of research, and (h) sufficient practical implications. In this chapter, we first sing a song of sorrow regarding the current state of the social sciences in general and personnel and human resources management specifically. Then, we investigate potential grievances that might have led to it (i.e., questionable research practices, misplaced incentives), only to end with a verse of hope by outlining an avenue for betterment (i.e., open science and policy changes at multiple levels).

Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 31 January 2015

Erel Avineri and Eran Ben-Elia

This chapter explores Prospect Theory — a descriptive model of modelling individual choice making under risk and uncertainty, and its applications to a range of travel behaviour…

Abstract

Purpose

This chapter explores Prospect Theory — a descriptive model of modelling individual choice making under risk and uncertainty, and its applications to a range of travel behaviour contexts.

Theory

The chapter provides background on Prospect Theory, its basic assumptions and formulations, and summarises some of its theoretical developments, applications and evidence in the field of transport research.

Findings

A body of empirical evidence has accumulated showing that the principle of maximisation of expected utility provides limited explanation of travel choices under risk and uncertainty. Prospect Theory can be seen as an alternative and promising framework for travel choice modelling (although not without theoretical and practical controversy). These findings are supported by empirical observations reported in the literature reviewed in this chapter.

Originality and value

The chapter provides a detailed account of the design and results of accumulated research in travel behaviour research that is based on Prospect Theory’s observations, insights and formulations. The potential of Prospect Theory for particular decision-making in travel behaviour research is articulated, main findings are presented and discussed, and limitations are identified, leading to further research needs.

Details

Bounded Rational Choice Behaviour: Applications in Transport
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-071-1

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Book part
Publication date: 14 December 2016

Abstract

Details

Emotions, Decision-Making, Conflict and Cooperation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78635-032-9

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 2 October 2017

Daifeng Zhang, Haibin Duan and Yijun Yang

The purpose of this paper is to propose a control approach for small unmanned helicopters, and a novel swarm intelligence algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the…

357

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose a control approach for small unmanned helicopters, and a novel swarm intelligence algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the proposed controller.

Design/methodology/approach

Small unmanned helicopters have many advantages over other unmanned aerial vehicles. However, the manual operation process is difficult because the model is always instable and coupling. In this paper, a novel optimized active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) approach is presented for small unmanned helicopters. First, a linear attitude model is built in hovering condition according to small perturbation linearization. To realize decoupling, this model is divided into two parts, and each part is equipped with an ADRC controller. Finally, a novel Levy flight-based pigeon-inspired optimization (LFPIO) algorithm is developed to find the optimal ADRC parameters and enhance the performance of controller.

Findings

This paper applies ADRC method to the attitude control of small unmanned helicopters so that it can be implemented in practical flight under complex environments. Besides, a novel LFPIO algorithm is proposed to optimize the parameters of ADRC and is proved to be more efficient than other homogenous methods.

Research limitations/implications

The model of proposed controller is built in the hovering action, whereas it cannot be used in other flight modes.

Practical implications

The optimized ADRC method can be implemented in actual flight, and the proposed LFPIO algorithm can be developed in other practical optimization problems.

Originality/value

ADRC method can enhance the response and robustness of unmanned helicopters which make it valuable in actual environments. The proposed LFPIO algorithm is proved to be an effective swarm intelligence optimizer, and it is convenient and valuable to apply it in other optimized systems.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 89 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1748-8842

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 21 March 2008

H.F. Ho, Y.K. Wong and A.B. Rad

To design effective and practical controllers that use the adaptive fuzzy approaches and are applicable to helicopters.

682

Abstract

Purpose

To design effective and practical controllers that use the adaptive fuzzy approaches and are applicable to helicopters.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on Takagi‐Sugeno fuzzy systems, a new direct adaptive fuzzy control scheme is developed for a class of nonlinear multiple‐input‐multiple‐output systems. A simple observer is designed to generate an error signal for the adaptive law. The system states of the system are not required to be available for measurement.

Findings

The overall adaptive scheme guarantees all the signals involved being uniformly bounded in the Lyapunov sense.

Research limitations/implications

The implementation of this research work needs further investigation.

Practical implications

The simplicity of the design algorithm facilitates the application of the design to helicopters by the use of Matlab.

Originality/value

Experimental results of a two degree of freedom helicopter are presented to confirm the usefulness of the proposed new control scheme.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 80 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 7 May 2020

Hoang Tien Nguyen, Doan Minh Duc Le, Thien Thong Minh Ho and Phuong Mai Nguyen

This study aims to point out the importance and the relevance of sustainability issues and the need for their enhancement in the contemporary model of corporate social…

13957

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to point out the importance and the relevance of sustainability issues and the need for their enhancement in the contemporary model of corporate social responsibility (CSR) as the top priority for business entities. Furthermore, it also highlights ways to enhance sustainability in the contemporary CSR model in the fast fashion industry of developing countries.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature review has been extensively done through available databases, including ProQuest and ScienceDirect.

Findings

This study delivers a full insight into the current state of research on the CSR model and sustainability in developing countries. The prevalent corporate environmental sustainability practices of global apparel brands are identified to propose ways to enhance sustainability in the contemporary CSR model.

Research limitations/implications

The growth of fast fashion industry brings the risks of unsustainability to developing countries. Thus, it is a must for the garment and textile companies to enhance a sustainable CSR model through promoting sustainable leadership and integrating corporate culture.

Originality/value

To the best of author’s knowledge, this study is the first to emphasise the role of sustainable leadership in promoting a sustainable CSR model in the fast fashion industry of developing countries.

Details

Social Responsibility Journal, vol. 17 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1747-1117

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 9 November 2012

Anna Marie Johnson, Claudene Sproles, Robert Detmering and Jessica English

The purpose of this paper is to provide a selected bibliography of recent resources on library instruction and information literacy.

5755

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a selected bibliography of recent resources on library instruction and information literacy.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper introduces and annotates periodical articles, monographs, and audiovisual material examining library instruction and information literacy.

Findings

Information is provided about each source, and the paper discusses the characteristics of current scholarship, and describes sources that contain unique scholarly contributions and quality reproductions.

Originality/value

The information may be used by librarians and interested parties as a quick reference to literature on library instruction and information literacy.

Details

Reference Services Review, vol. 40 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0090-7324

Keywords

Access Restricted. View access options
Article
Publication date: 24 August 2010

Slim Frikha, Mohamed Djemel and Nabil Derbel

The purpose of this paper is to present an adaptive neuro‐sliding mode control scheme for uncertain nonlinear systems with Lyapunov approach.

412

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present an adaptive neuro‐sliding mode control scheme for uncertain nonlinear systems with Lyapunov approach.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper focuses on neural network (NN) adaptive control for nonlinear systems in the presence of parametric uncertainties. The plant model structure is represented by a NNs system. The essential idea of the online parametric estimation of the plant model is based on a comparison of the measured state with the estimated one. The proposed adaptive neural controller takes advantages of both the sliding mode control and proportional integral (PI) control. The chattering phenomenon is attenuated and robust performances are ensured. Based on Lyapunov stability theorem, the proposed adaptive neural control system can guarantee the stability of the whole closed‐loop system and obtain good‐tracking performances. Adaptive laws are proposed to adjust the free parameters of the neural models.

Findings

Simulation results show that the adaptive neuro‐sliding mode control approach works satisfactorily for nonlinear systems in the presence of parametric uncertainties.

Originality/value

The proposed adaptive neuro‐sliding mode control approach is a mixture of classical neural controller with a supervisory controller. The PI controller is used to attenuate the chattering phenomena. Based on the Lyapunov stability theorem, it is rigorously proved that the stability of the whole closed‐loop system is ensured and the tracking performance is achieved.

Details

International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1756-378X

Keywords

1 – 10 of over 19000
Per page
102050