G. Butler and H.C.K. Ison
In this three‐part paper the various types of attack encountered with natural and treated waters are examined in relation to the composition of the water. The examples given are…
Abstract
In this three‐part paper the various types of attack encountered with natural and treated waters are examined in relation to the composition of the water. The examples given are taken from a large number encountered in dealing with enquiries from industrial and private organisations, mainly in the U.K. (The Corrosion Group of the National Chemical Laboratory provides an advisory service to assist organisations in the solutions of their problems.) In this first part the composition and chemical equilibrium of waters and their variation with source of supply are discussed.
The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research has been responsible for investigations on the corrosion of metals since 1924, when a Corrosion Research Committee was set up…
Abstract
The Department of Scientific and Industrial Research has been responsible for investigations on the corrosion of metals since 1924, when a Corrosion Research Committee was set up with the late Dr. G. D. Bengough as its first senior investigator. In 1927 research on atmospheric corrosion directed by Dr. W. H. J. Vernon was taken over by D.S.I.R. and in 1928 the Group was transferred from the Royal School of Mines in London to the then Chemical Research Laboratory at Teddington. This establishment had been inaugurated several years previously as a separate D.S.I.R. station situated in the same grounds as the National Physical Laboratory. Quite recently it has achieved the status of National Chemical Laboratory; but the ‘C.R.L.’ (now the ‘N.C.L.’) has always derived great benefit from its proximity to its much larger and older sister station.
Last month we published abstracts and summaries of some of the papers presented at the Congress, which was held at the Imperial College of Science and Technology from April 10–15…
Abstract
Last month we published abstracts and summaries of some of the papers presented at the Congress, which was held at the Imperial College of Science and Technology from April 10–15 under the auspices of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. In this issue we publish further abstracts and summaries together with illustrations of many of the corrosionists attending and photographs of some of the many visits which were arranged to works and laboratories. The Congress attracted over 800 delegates.
The influence of water movement on corrosion is of interest in most of the problems concerned with aqueous attack on metals ranging from ships' hulls to metal pipes. Even in cases…
Abstract
The influence of water movement on corrosion is of interest in most of the problems concerned with aqueous attack on metals ranging from ships' hulls to metal pipes. Even in cases where no relative motion is imposed, convection currents arise due to temperature variations in the solution. The rate of many reactions between solids and solutions is controlled by the transport of reactants to the surface and of products from it. The main concentration change takes place in a very thin layer next to the solid surface, the boundary diffusion layer. Here transport takes place slowly by diffusion while in the bulk of the solution the concentration is kept the same at all points by convection currents. This article discusses the influence of the boundary layer on corrosion rate of ferrous materials in water.
Introduction As described in the first article in this series, for the past 40 years the Corrosion Group at Teddington has been concerned with a very wide spectrum of both…
Abstract
Introduction As described in the first article in this series, for the past 40 years the Corrosion Group at Teddington has been concerned with a very wide spectrum of both corrosion research and corrosion information. The work of the Group in this time has included many aspects of atmospheric, immersed, and underground corrosion, and has ranged from fundamental studies of corrosion processes, to applied researches such as the study of the pitting of tubes in locomotive and marine boilers, the corrosion caused by coolants used for internal combustion engines, and the development of inhibitors to combat both immersed and atmospheric corrosion. Through‐out this period we have maintained a complete bibliography on corrosion, together with an active Advisory Service for the diagnosis and solving of industrial and other problems.
G. Butler and H.C.K. Ison
In this third and final section the influence of design in relation to corrosion is considered and methods of water treatment and inhibition summarised. The work on flowing water…
Abstract
In this third and final section the influence of design in relation to corrosion is considered and methods of water treatment and inhibition summarised. The work on flowing water corrosion at the National Chemical Laboratory, it is hoped, will provide a more sound basis for the prediction of the probable corrosivity of water and for recommendations for corrosion prevention.
G. Butler and H.C.K. Ison
Last month the authors discussed the composition and chemical equilibrium of waters and their variation with source of supply. In this second part the corrosion problems…
Abstract
Last month the authors discussed the composition and chemical equilibrium of waters and their variation with source of supply. In this second part the corrosion problems associated with the use of common metals and alloys are discussed and the various types of attack are illustrated and analysed. Except for rare cases involving inhibitors no systems manufactured from the metals covered in this article are completely free from corrosion.
Ram D. Srivastava and Anil K. Agarwal
Urea and thiourea have been investigated as corrosion inhibitors for 94/6 and 80/20 copper‐cadmium alloy electroplates in nitric acid solutions by weight‐loss and polarisation…
Abstract
Urea and thiourea have been investigated as corrosion inhibitors for 94/6 and 80/20 copper‐cadmium alloy electroplates in nitric acid solutions by weight‐loss and polarisation measurements. Both inhibitors are found to be quite effective for shorter duration of immersion. Potential and polarisation data indicate a predominant role of local cathodic areas in corrosion protection.
D.K. Basil, A.K. Bhattamishra, S.C. Dev and Inder Singh
Introduction It is well established that Si in silicon bronzes imparts high strength and corrosion resistance which are essential requirements for applications in hydraulic…
Abstract
Introduction It is well established that Si in silicon bronzes imparts high strength and corrosion resistance which are essential requirements for applications in hydraulic pressure lines, heat exchangers, propeller shafts, storage tanks and other equipments for chemical industries. They have high corrosion resistance towards marine environments, but possess inferior corrosion resistance in sulphide bearing atmosphere although more resistant to stress corrosion cracking and season cracking than brass on exposure to polluted atmospheres. In general, corrosion resistance of alloys depends on alloy chemistry, heat treatment schedule, presence of second phase, precipitation morphology and specific environment. However, studies on influence of heat treatment and variation of silicon content in (Binary) Cu‐Si alloys with particular reference to their corrosion resistance in chloride and sulphide bearing environments are scanty in literature. The present work has been designed to study the corrosion behaviour and to generate data on three types of commercially important Cu‐Si alloys in 3.5 per cent sodium chloride and 1 per cent sodium sulphide solutions.
Certain classes of organic chemicals that can behave like carbon black in protecting polythene from thermal degredation have recently been developed at Bell Telephone laboratories…
Abstract
Certain classes of organic chemicals that can behave like carbon black in protecting polythene from thermal degredation have recently been developed at Bell Telephone laboratories in the U.S.A. Mrs. A. Worthington and Dr. W. L. Hawkins described their discovery at a recent meeting of the American Chemical Society in New York. They demonstrated that a number of compounds containing alternating unsaturated bonds provide excellent thermal anti‐oxidant properties in combination with previously reported sulphur‐bearing compounds.