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In the following series of articles, the aim has been to present some of the many interesting lubrication features and problems met with at these works, and also to give a clear picture of the trend that lubrication technology has taken during the first few years of operation on this vast undertaking, comprising such widely differing units as Blast Furnaces, Coking Plant and Steel Mills, with all their essential ancillaries, including centralised Engineering Shops, complete Power Plant and a multiplicity of road and rail transport. The standardising of grades of lubricants has been carried out at every opportunity in an endeavour to keep the number of grades as low as possible, to assist servicing and simplify storage. The introduction of lubrication instruction into operatives' training, such as that for all the works crane drivers, is an interesting feature on the plant, and one which has greatly assisted maintenance on the electric overhead cranes.

The first part of this article appeared in our August issue and dealt with Lubrication Organisation, storing and handling at The Steel Company of Wales. Since writing this the author informs us that a Supervisor has now been appointed at the Margam plant and he will build up a similar organisation to that now operating at the Abbey Works.

Part One, dealing with lubrication organization, storing and handling appeared in our August issue. Parts Two and Three covering, respectively, Service Testing and Blast Furnace Lubrication appeared in September.

Couched within the author’s memories and correspondence with Kathy Charmaz, this chapter considers the philosophical nature of Constructivist, or Charmazian Grounded Theory, and contrasts it with the philosophical underpinnings of Critical Grounded Theory. Using an autopoietic framework, this chapter sees Charmazian and Critical Grounded Theory as interconnected, complementary, but distinct in the way they each approach research participants and interpret social processes. The chapter ends with reflections on Kathy Charmaz's contribution to critical grounded theory and where she had hoped the next generation of grounded theorists might expand the methodology.

This paper aims to outline an approach to study the implementation and adoption of information technology systems in healthcare.

The authors use the introduction of electronic health records, part of the English National Programme of Information Technology, as an example to illustrate how theoretical lenses need to be effectively integrated with practical considerations in order to help researchers to overcome the theory‐practice gap in relation to research in this area.

Integrating actor‐network theory (ANT) with other theoretical lenses can usefully inform the design of evaluation of the implementation of electronic health record systems into healthcare settings, but it is necessary that such deliberations are informed by guidance on how to use conceptual considerations in practice.

The paper outlines how combining a case study‐based approach informed by multi‐sited ethnography and drawing on ANT offers a method for a theoretically‐based approach to such evaluations.

This study aims to explore the concepts of ‘place' and ‘place-experience' within the context of Post-phenomenology. During 70's, humanistic geographers have introduced ‘phenomenology of place' as a revolutionary approach toward place, which has been largely condemned by Marxist, Feminist and Post-Structural critiques through the last three decades. Accordingly, this study attempts to merge these place-related critiques in order to clarify a new framework titled ‘Post-phenomenology of place'. ‘Post-phenomenology', as a novel philosophical trend, is a merged school of thought, trying to re-read phenomenology based on Post-structuralism, Pragmatism and Materialism. In this study after a theoretical review on the formation of Post-phenomenology, the various aspects of place are discussed in order to clarify distinctions and paradoxes between phenomenological and Post-phenomenological understandings of place.

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the contribution offered by Wolff’s sociology of knowledge to organizational ethnography and to enrich the lexicon of practice-based studies with the concept of surrender-and-catch.

Drawing on Wolff’s writing, the surrender-and-catch perspective is introduced and how to be inspired by it is illustrated in relation to three working practices.

The centrality of the body and of sensible knowledge for doing ethnographies of working practices is affirmed and the surrender-and-catch perspective is interpreted as an art of seeing connections.

Surrender-to may be included in the methodology for studying knowing-in-practice and it may help students to get prepared to conduct an organizational ethnography.

A contribution to frame the legacy of a sociologist of knowledge little known in organization studies. Its contribution stresses the importance of a plurality of forms of knowing alongside the rational-analytic one. Therefore Kurt Wolff’s work becomes relevant within the practice-based studies.

LUBRICATION has been the subject of numerous articles in recent years. A search through the files of the two publications devoted exclusively to the subject, reveals that the scientific and technical aspects have received expert attention, while the more prosaic or practical application of the lubricants resulting from all of the research and laboratory development, have received very sparse treatment. Yet it has been the desire of those whose primary interest is in this field, to extend the sphere of that interest within industry. The owner or management of a small or large works is interested first in results, and the simplest method of achievement of the end result. After twelve years of experience in the general field of lubrication, I am under the impression that we have unwittingly surrounded the subject with an aura of scientific mystery that deflects sought for attention thus discouraging a great number of interested readers. There is a typical American expression that applies here, “let's keep it simple”. This article will not touch on the scientific side of lubrication but on the NEED FOR PLANNED LUBRICATION and how to go about filling that need. We are here directly concerned with the problems, both apparent and hidden, that exist whereever there is metal in motion.

This paper aims to investigate the physical, chemical and physicochemical characteristics of rice husk on alkaline treatment.

Rice husk (RM) was alkaline treated to produce soluble (SR) and insoluble residues (IR). Each fraction was characterized and soluble fraction was used to produce nanofibres using electrospinning method.

Alkaline treatment was effective in isolating insoluble dietary fibre rich IR from the other interfering substances such as soluble dietary fibre, protein and lipids that originally present in RM and leached into SR. The problem of silica induced toxicity and indigestibility of rice husk was overcome by alkaline treatment. Alkaline treatment altered the inherent mineral content (calcium, copper, iron, potassium, magnesium, manganese, sodium, phosphorus, zinc) of rice husk, and increased physicochemical properties such as emulsification ability and stability, water holding ability, mineral binding capacity (calcium, copper, iron, zinc), and antioxidant activity. SR had been successfully electrospun into nanofibres with the addition of polyvinyl alcohol.

The paper investigated the characteristic of rice husk (RM and IR) for the development of functional foods, pharmaceutical products and new bioactives delivery system at the expense of reducing environmental liability.

In this paper, the authors attempt to understand how labour market attachment during the ages of 30–59 influences individuals' transition out of the labour market.

Using high-quality Swedish register data, the authors follow individuals born in 1950 and observe their labour market attachment during mid-life and their exit from the labour market.

The authors find evidence that labour market attachment in different stages of the career is differently related to exit from the labour market. At the age of 30, as well as between the ages 50–59, low attachment is related with earlier exit from the labour market. On the contrary, low labour market attachment during the ages 40–49 is related with later exit from the labour market. However, regardless of age, lower labour market attachment increases the risk of work-related benefit receipt in the exit year. The authors also find evidence that gender, migration status and childhood socioeconomic disadvantages may represent obstacles to longer working lives, while high education is a consistent factor in avoiding early exit from the labour market.

This study provides insights on the link between labour market attachment in different stages of the career and the exit from the labour market as well as work-related benefits dependency in the year of exit.