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In the digital age, personalized services and accurate recommendations enhance the customer experience and streamline shopping. However, increasing concerns about personal privacy have led to resistance from consumers, necessitating a balance between providing high-quality online services and safeguarding personal data. The aim of this paper is to offer a comprehensive review of the fragmented literature on consumer privacy decision-making and to identify key issues worth exploring in future research.

Although previous studies have analyzed the antecedents and outcomes of privacy decisions, they have often been conducted in a fragmented manner. There remains a lack of a holistic understanding of the factors influencing privacy decisions, including their boundaries. Therefore, we build on the Theory of Planned Behavior to combine consumer privacy decision-making with a graphically conceptual framework used in a similar scoping methodology. We attempt to dissect the antecedent, moderator and outcome variables that influence consumer privacy decision-making, ultimately providing a comprehensive framework for understanding these dynamics.

Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, we analyze the entire process of consumer privacy decision-making in terms of antecedent, moderating and outcome variables. The results indicate that consumer privacy decision-making is not an isolated behavior or a single choice but a complex, multi-level dynamic process. The factors influencing consumer privacy decisions primarily encompass five aspects: individual characteristics, information, organization, platform and interaction management, leading to various outcomes in both behavioral and perceptual dimensions. Furthermore, the process is constrained by multiple moderating variables, such as information sensitivity, platform knowledge and prior experience.

We build on the Theory of Planned Behavior to combine consumer privacy decision-making with a graphically conceptual framework used in a similar scoping methodology. We dissect the antecedent, moderator and outcome variables that influence consumer privacy decision-making, aiming to provide a comprehensive framework for understanding these processes.

The purpose of this study is to explore the construction pattern and the difficulties for China to develop virtual reference services (VRS).

The paper first analyzes the definition and features of the digital library, and is followed by an introduction to the development of VRS in China. Through literature search and checking web sites, some 400 documents in CNKI have been analysed on VRS from the period of January, 1990 to June, 2005, and the situation in developing VRS and problems existing in the course of doing it in China have been summarized. On the basis of connecting theory and practice on VRS, the paper provides general tactics on how to develop VRS for libraries in China.

There are some problems existing for China to develop VRS, namely shortage of funds, the information poor, the digital divide, restrictions of information infrastructure, library management, shortage of technical knowledge and user training. The paper projects what may be needed for China to continue its development of VRS in the future. There is a need for appropriate infrastructures, strategies and mechanisms to be established in order to support the diffusion of VRS principles throughout China.

This paper provides some observations and insights on the design and development of VRS in China. It suggests that decision makers in government agencies need to understand the existing gaps in VRS in China. Constructive suggestions are made for China to construct VRS and improve the service level.