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In the present worldwide situation, the survival of a business is a major crucial aspect. The business cannot be succeeded unless it produces the anticipated production levels. Achievement of this can be possible only by maintaining the equipment into an adequate level. Load-Haul-Dumpers (LHDs), as the main workhorse and massive transporting machines, are highly utilized in underground mining operations. Despite the usage of LHDs, these are prone to the uneven and unexpected occurrence of potential failures. These are causes to minimize the production and productivity of capital intensive equipment. To get a good profitability index, it is very necessary to have the required levels of equipment reliability and availability. Estimation of reliabilities and availabilities play a critical role in the performance evaluation of equipment.

By keeping the significance of the present research work in view in this research paper one of the well appropriate techniques such as fault tree analysis (FTA) was utilized to assess the reliability of the LHD system based on the function flow diagram. Best fit distribution of data sets were made by the utilization of Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K-S) test. Parametric estimation of theoretical probability distributions was done by utilizing the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE). Failure rate of each LHD system has computed based on the best fit results from “Isograph Reliability Workbench 13.0”. Reliability configuration of each LHD system has modeled using reliability block diagram (RBD), as well as the FTA.

Independent and identical distribution (IID) assumption of data sets was validated through statistic U-test (Chi Squared test). On the basis of test results, the data sets are in accordance with IID assumption. Therefore renewal process approach has been utilized for further investigation. Allocations of best fit distribution of data sets were made by the utilization ofK-S test. Parametric estimation of theoretical probability distributions was made by utilizing maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) method. Reliability of each individual subsystem has been computed according to the best fit distribution. The deductive method called RBD was utilized to investigate the given system reliability by analyzing with graphical representations of logic system and observed highest percentage of reliability as 69.44% (LH29). FTA has been utilized to investigate the availability percentage of a system and observed highest percentage value as 79.51% (LH29). This technique also helps to identify the most critical parts/cut sets by using Fussell-Vesely (F-V) importance measure.

As the reliability analysis is one of the complex techniques, it requires strategic decision-making knowledge for the selection of methodology to be used. As the present case study was from a public sector company, operating under financial constraints the conclusions/findings may not be universally applicable.

The present study throws light on this equipment that need a tailored maintenance schedules, partly due to the peculiar mining conditions, under which they operate. This analysis provides the information on several aspects such as present working condition of the machines, occurrence of various potential failure modes, influence of failure modes on its performance and reliable life aspects etc. Also, these investigations asses the forecasting of necessary managerial practices or control measures like possible design modifications and replacement actions of components to ensure the required levels of availability and utilization of the equipment. Both qualitative and quantitative analysis of FTA has been performed to determine the minimal/most influencing cut sets of the system and to estimate overall system availability within the work environment. Based on the computed results reasons for performance drop of each machine was identified and suitable recommendations were suggested to improve the performance of capital intensive systems.

Load haul dumper (LHD) is one of the main ore transporting machineries used in underground mining industry. Reliability of LHD is very significant to achieve the expected targets of production. The performance of the equipment should be maintained at its highest level to fulfill the targets. This can be accomplished only by reducing the sudden breakdowns of component/subsystems in a complex system. The identification of defective component/subsystems can be possible by performing the downtime analysis. Hence, it is very important to develop the proper maintenance strategies for replacement or repair actions of the defective ones. Suitable maintenance management actions improve the performance of the equipment. This paper aims to discuss this issue.

Reliability analysis (renewal approach) has been used to analyze the performance of LHD machine. Allocations of best-fit distribution of data sets were made by the utilization of Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) test. Parametric estimation of theoretical probability distributions was made by utilizing the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) method.

Independent and identical distribution (IID) assumption of data sets was validated through trend and serial correlation tests. On the basis of test results, the data sets are in accordance with IID assumption. Therefore, renewal process approach has been utilized for further investigation. Allocations of best-fit distribution of data sets were made by the utilization of Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S) test. Parametric estimation of theoretical probability distributions was made by utilizing the MLE method. Reliability of each individual subsystem has been computed according to the best-fit distribution. In respect of obtained reliability results, the reliability-based preventive maintenance (PM) time schedules were calculated for the expected 90 percent reliability level.

As the reliability analysis is one of the complex techniques, it requires strategic decision making knowledge for the selection of methodology to be used. As the present case study was from a public sector company, operating under financial constraints the conclusions/findings may not be universally applicable.

The present study throws light on this equipment that need a tailored maintenance schedule, partly due to the peculiar mining conditions, under which they operate. This study mainly focuses on estimating the performance of four numbers of well-mechanized LHD systems with reliability, availability and maintainability (RAM) modeling. Based on the drawn results, reasons for performance drop of each machine were identified. Suitable recommendations were suggested for the enhancement of performance of capital intensive production equipment. As the maintenance management is only the means for performance improvement of the machinery, PM time intervals were estimated with respect to the expected rate of reliability level.

Family planning (FP) services through the lens of human rights are not well known in Nepal. This study aims to assess Family Planning 2020: Rights and Empowerment Principles for Family Planning and identify factors affecting contraceptive use among HIV-infected women living in rural Far Western Nepal.

This study conducted a cross-sectional survey using self-designed proforma. To assess the association between contraceptive use and independent variables, this study calculated adjusted odd ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) V.20.

Only 37.8% of participants had access to full range of contraceptive methods, and only 57.5% of participants received proper counseling. Agency/autonomy, transparency/accountability and voice/participation were practiced by 43.7%, 23.4% and 19.7% of participants, respectively. Husband’s support (AOR = 4.263; 95% CI: 1.640–11.086), availability of FP services in their locality (AOR = 2.497; 95% CI: 1.311–4.754), employment (AOR = 3.499; 95% CI: 1.186–10.328) and postpartum period (AOR = 0.103; 95% CI: 0.023–0.475) were significantly associated with contraceptive use.

Health-care providers’ and program managers’ perspectives were not examined.

Findings of this study will be useful for making strategic plan on human rights-based approach to FP.

Expanding access to contraceptive information and services and strengthening autonomy, accountability and participation are key to human rights-based approach to FP.

This study identified that inadequate counselling, nonavailability of full range of contraceptive methods, low level of autonomy, accountability and participation were key bottlenecks in fulfilling human rights-based approach to FP.

Reliability plays an important role in the execution of the maintenance improvement and the understanding of its concepts is essential to predict the type of maintenance according to the equipment state. Thereby, a computational tool was developed and programming with VBA in Excel® for reliability and failure analysis in a mining context. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

The developed approach use the modeling of stochastic processes, such as the renewal process, the non-homogeneous Poisson process and less conventional method as the Bayesian approach, by considering Jeffreys non-informative prior. The resolution gives the best associated model, the parameters estimation, the mean time between failure and the reliability estimate. This approach is validated with the reliability analysis of inter-failure times from underground rock bolters subsystems, over a two-year period.

Results show that Weibull and lognormal probability distribution fit to the most subsystems inter-failure times. The study revealed that the bolting head, the rock drill, the screen handler, the electric/electronic system, the hydraulic system, the drilling feeder and the structural consume the most repair frequency. The hydraulic and electric/electronic subsystems represent the lowest reliability after 50 operation hours.

For the first time, this case study defines practical failures and reliability information for rock bolter subsystems based on real operation data. This paper is useful to the comparative evaluation of rock bolter by detecting the weakest elements and understanding failure patterns in the individual observation subsystems on the overall machine performance.

Nowadays, the risk assessment and reliability engineering of various production processes have become an inevitable necessity. Because if these risks are not going to be evaluated and no solution is going to be taken for their prevention, managing them would be really hard and costly in case of their occurrence. The importance of this issue is much higher in producing healthcare products due to their quality's direct impact on the health of individuals and society.

One of the most common approaches of risk assessment is the failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), which is facing some limitations in practice. In this research, a new generalized multi-attribute failure mode analysis approach has been proposed by utilizing the best–worst method and linguistic 2-tuple representation in order to evaluate the production process of hemodialysis solution in a case of Tehran, Iran.

According to the results, entry of waste to the mixing tanker, impurity of raw materials and ingredients and fracture of the mixer screw have been identified as the most important potential failures. At last, the results of this research have been compared with the previous studies.

Some reinforcement attributes have been added to the traditional FMEA attributes in order to improve the results. Also, the problems of identical weights for attributes, inaccuracy in experts' opinions and the uncertainties in prioritizing the potential failures were improved. Furthermore, in addition to the need for less comparative data, the proposed approach is more accurate and comprehensive in its results.

As there has been no research about specific Indian temples, the aim of this paper is to explore the role of technology and commercial factors at ISKCON temple in the National Capital Region, in enhancing the tourists' experience. ISKCON temple, New Delhi, has been the pioneer in implementing technology as a tool for augmenting spirituality and Krishna consciousness amongst visitors but it has been unable to excel in the same. Along with technology, various commercial aspects are also exclusively operative at the temple. This paper highlights the confluence of technology and commercial elements at the temple and their role in creating a satisfying visitor experience. The paper recommends changes that will help the temple's policy makers/management in developing superlative tourist experiences.

The paper explores a strategic question by interacting with the key stakeholders. More specifically, interviews with policy makers, temple committee members and devotees, have been conducted along with a questionnaire which has led to data collection from the customers.

Identified gaps in the technology and commercial factors that are currently in place at the ISKCON temple. A customer survey highlights key expectations of visitors, bringing out the satisfaction level of the visitors with their integrated experience at the ISKCON temple, New Delhi.

ISKCON temple attracts global tourists giving it a cosmopolitan nature. This research paper creates awareness amongst all the policy makers and temple management about ways to craft an outstanding as well as magnetizing experience for the visitors.

India has a legacy of spiritual destinations that have been attracting international and domestic tourists. In the light of this fact, it becomes critical to identify the factors and elements that enhance the cultural, spiritual as well as overall customer experience at these religious destinations.

In the ever-changing landscape of education, new policies play a very crucial role in shaping the future trajectory of nations. The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 stands as a testament to the commitment toward redefining the educational paradigm in India. This research aims to identify the critical success factors (CSFs) and present a roadmap to facilitate the implementation of NEP 2020 in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs).

A dual-research method is used in this study. First, a systematic literature review was performed to identify the CSFs. Furthermore, the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method was implemented to rank CSFs.

The study identifies the CSFs essential for the effective implementation of NEP in Indian HEIs. A comprehensive strategic roadmap, integrating institutional theory, diffusion of innovation, and policy implementation frameworks, is proposed to guide HEIs in aligning with NEP objectives. Additionally, context-specific solutions inspired by global best practices ensure localized and inclusive implementation. The findings highlight NEP 2020s emphasis on multidisciplinary education, digital transformation, equity-driven policies, and institutional restructuring.

This study advances multidisciplinary education models, equity-driven policy, and technology-driven reforms. Practical insights include flexible learning pathways, multilingual education, vocational training integration, and quality assurance mechanisms, fostering innovation and global competitiveness in India’s higher education landscape.

This groundbreaking research identifies and prioritizes CSFs, also offers a unique strategic roadmap combining institutional and innovation theories for NEP 2020 implementation. It incorporates global best practices and context-specific solutions for transforming India’s higher education ecosystem comprehensively.

The purpose of this paper is to provide an advertising history of Tata Steel from its inception in 1907 to 2007 when it completed 100 years of operation. The authors use postcolonial theory to highlight the intertwining of advertising with the broader project of anticolonial resistance and postcolonial nation-building.

The authors used a visual analysis of a compilation of advertisements published by Tata Steel to commemorate 100 years of its existence, spanning the years from 1907 to 2007. They also used ads and posters available on the website of the Tata Steel Archives. Published work on Tata Steel such as books and papers provided contextualization.

Advertising creatives, through selective deployment of anticolonial discourses, manage the contradictory pulls of emergent nationalism on the one hand and the pragmatic need to work with the colonial administration on the other. However, such a negotiation leads to moments of slippage, where advertising reinforces colonial tropes. At a broader level, the authors suggest that despite attempts to draw on subversive discourses of resistance used by nationalists, Tata Steel’s advertising is inescapably intertwined with the larger matrix of colonial and capitalist power.

This study contributes to a non-Western perspective on advertising history. Further, it provides understanding of the marketing activities of a large corporation, which straddles the colonial and postcolonial era of India, an important economy.

The impact of Goods and Service Tax (GST) on the motor and pump exports in the Coimbatore region is measured in this study using various parameters and scales. The data collected from exporters were used to identify the pros and cons of GST, stating their opinions on variables considered by the researchers through extensive literature on GST and exports.

The data were collected from 220 motors and pump exporters through a field survey from the month of January to September 2021. The impacts have been measured using principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The factor analyses and CFA will derive the positive and negative impact of GST determined through critical empirical evidence in this study. Also, the problems faced by the exporters allied to GST, which the authors could not include in the questionnaire due to certain reasons, are concisely apportioned and discussed.

The study depicts the major advantages of GST, such as harmonized system, long-run performance, reduction in logistics cost, check-post operation, bonds and ease of doing business. Also, it highlights the disadvantages of GST, such as biases in the indirect tax system, the reimbursement of duty drawback being late or pending and document filing was still a tedious job under the GST regime.

The unavailability of considerable literature on the impact of GST on Indian exports signifies the novelty of this research. So far, this is the first empirical attempt to measure the impact of GST on exports which is a unique and original attempt to highlight the problem that lies under the GST regime and the necessary reforms the tax structure needs in the context of Indian exports.

This study aims at improving combustion process to reduce emissions. Emissions such as carbon monoxide, particulate matter and unburnt hydrocarbons are a result of incomplete combustion. These emissions have useful energy but cannot be reclaimed. Hence, to enhance combustion, effect of biofuel blending on diesel combustion was investigated.

Essential oils have been found easier for blending with diesel because of simple molecular structure compared to vegetable oils. Lavender oil is an essential oil which has not yet been studied by blending with diesel. The major constituents of lavender oil are linalyl acetate (cetane number improver) and linalool (nitrogen oxides reduction). A single-cylinder, four-stroke diesel engine was run by blending diesel with lavender oil (Lavandula angustifolia oil [LAO]) in varying proportions, 5%, 10% and 15% by volume.

Higher heat release rate (HRR) was observed using lavender oil blends compared to pure diesel. Compared to diesel, an increase in brake-specific fuel consumption using blends was observed. LAO15 has the lowest CO emissions at all loading conditions, 29.3% less at 100% load compared to diesel. LAO5 and LAO15 have 6.9% less HC emissions at 100% load condition compared to diesel. LAO15 has only 1.3% higher NO_x emissions compared to diesel at 100% load condition. LAO5 has the lowest smoke content at all loading conditions.

Lavender oil was used directly without any processing. Tested on single-cylinder engine.

To the best of the author’s knowledge, currently, there is no published work on lavender oil–diesel combination. Lavender oil can provide a simple renewable solution for diesel additives with potential up to 15% blending.