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Documents on and from the History of Economic Thought and Methodology
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84663-909-8

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Publication date: 30 September 2021

Michael Warren Murphy

What insights might attending to the cyclical history of colonially imposed environmental change experienced by Indigenous peoples offer to critical intellectual projects…

Abstract

What insights might attending to the cyclical history of colonially imposed environmental change experienced by Indigenous peoples offer to critical intellectual projects concerned with race? How might our understanding of race shift if we took Indigenous peoples' concerns with the usurpation and transformation of land seriously? Motivated by these broader questions, in this chapter, I deploy an approach to the critical inquiry of race that I have tentatively been calling anticolonial environmental sociology. As a single iteration of the anticolonial environmental sociology of race, this chapter focuses on Native (American) perspectives on land and experiences with colonialism. I argue that thinking with Native conceptualizations of land forces us to confront the ecomateriality of race that so often escapes sight in conventional analyses. The chapter proceeds by first theorizing the ecomateriality of race by thinking with recent critical theorizing on colonial racialization, alongside Native conceptualizations of land. To further explicate this theoretical argument, I then turn to an historical excavation of the relations between settlers, Natives, and the land in Rhode Island that is organized according to spatiotemporal distinctions that punctuate Native land relations in this particular global region: the Reservation, the Plantation, and the Narragansett.

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Global Historical Sociology of Race and Racism
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-219-6

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Article
Publication date: 2 November 2010

Mark Exworthy, Glenn Smith, Jonathan Gabe and Ian Rees Jones

In recent years, the clinical performance of named cardiac surgeons in England has been disclosed. This paper aims to explore the nature and impact of disclosure of clinical…

428

Abstract

Purpose

In recent years, the clinical performance of named cardiac surgeons in England has been disclosed. This paper aims to explore the nature and impact of disclosure of clinical performance.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on literature from across the social sciences to assess the impact of disclosure, as a form of transparency, in improving clinical performance. Specifically, it employs the “programme theory” of disclosure.

Findings

The “programme theory” of disclosure involves identification, naming, public sanction and recipient response. Named individual (consultant) surgeons have been identified through disclosure but this masks the contribution of the clinical team, including junior surgeons. Mortality is the prime performance measure but given low mortality rates, there are problems interpreting this measure. The naming of surgeons has been achieved through disclosure on web sites, developed between the health‐care regulator and the surgical profession itself. However, participation remains voluntary. The intention of disclosure is that interested parties (especially patients) will shun poorly performing surgeons. However, these parties' willingness and ability to exercise this sanction appears limited. Surgeons' responses are emergent but about a quarter of surgeons are not participating currently. Fears that surgeons would avoid high‐risk patients seem to have been unrealised. While disclosure may have a small effect on individual reputations, the surgical profession as a whole has embraced disclosure.

Originality/value

While the aim of disclosure has been to create a transparent medical system and to improve clinical performance, disclosure may have the opposite effect, concealing some performance issues and possibly strengthening professional autonomy. Disclosure therefore represents greater transparency in health‐care but it is uncertain whether it will improve performance in the ways that the policy intends.

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Journal of Health Organization and Management, vol. 24 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7266

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1987

Glenn R. Smith and Brian H. Kleiner

Numerous examples exist of business strategies that succeeded or failed as a function of corporate culture, making this an increasingly important dimension in the management of…

3234

Abstract

Numerous examples exist of business strategies that succeeded or failed as a function of corporate culture, making this an increasingly important dimension in the management of organisations. What corporate culture really consists of is not immediately obvious, so the concept is, first, defined and how the cultures are created is then discussed. The concept is, next, viewed with respect to a variety of dimensions, in order to identify and classify the cultures that develop in a corporation, followed by a description of how they contribute to organisational effectiveness. Finally, culture classification and cultural effectiveness are integrated.

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Leadership & Organization Development Journal, vol. 8 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7739

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1949

These details and drawings of patents granted in the United States are taken, by permission of the Department of Commerce, from the ‘Official Gazette of the United States Patent…

78

Abstract

These details and drawings of patents granted in the United States are taken, by permission of the Department of Commerce, from the ‘Official Gazette of the United States Patent Office’. Printed copies of the full specification can be obtained, price 10 cents each, from the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. They are usually available for inspection at the British Patent Office, Southampton Buildings, Chancery Lane, London, W.C.2.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 21 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Book part
Publication date: 22 May 2017

Nicole Gardner-Neblett, Stephanie M. Curenton and Kimberly A. Blitch

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of African American children’s oral language skills with the intention of building the understanding of how these skills…

Abstract

The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of African American children’s oral language skills with the intention of building the understanding of how these skills translate to classroom contexts. The chapter also summarizes the goals of the Common Core that are specifically related to speaking and listening and describes how African American children might meet these goals.

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African American Children in Early Childhood Education
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-258-9

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Article
Publication date: 2 November 2010

Justin Waring, Mary Dixon‐Woods and Karen Yeung

This paper aims to outline and comment on the changes to medical regulation in the UK that provide the background to a special issue of the Journal of Health Organization and

1864

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to outline and comment on the changes to medical regulation in the UK that provide the background to a special issue of the Journal of Health Organization and Management on regulating doctors.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper takes the form of a review.

Findings

Although the UK medical profession enjoyed a remarkably stable regulatory structure for most of the first 150 years of its existence, it has undergone a striking transformation in the last decade. Its regulatory form has mutated from one of state‐sanctioned collegial self‐regulation to one of state‐directed bureaucratic regulation. The erosion of medical self‐regulation can be attributed to: the pressures of market liberalisation and new public management reforms; changing ideologies and public attitudes towards expertise and risk; and high profile public failures involving doctors. The “new” UK medical regulation converts the General Medical Council into a modern regulator charged with implementing policy, and alters the mechanisms for controlling and directing the conduct and performance of doctors. It establishes a new set of relationships between the medical profession and the state (including its agencies), the public, and patients.

Originality/value

This paper adds to the literature by identifying the main features of the reforms affecting the medical profession and offering an analysis of why they have taken place.

Details

Journal of Health Organization and Management, vol. 24 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1477-7266

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1958

To the Editor, DEAR SIR, So my friend, Mr Wotton, has written an article (in your July issue) putting the case for pneumatics! A very good one too. Plenty of new ideas to add fuel…

20

Abstract

To the Editor, DEAR SIR, So my friend, Mr Wotton, has written an article (in your July issue) putting the case for pneumatics! A very good one too. Plenty of new ideas to add fuel to the Pneumatics v. Hydraulics debate. Plenty of meat for designers to get their teeth into—maybe some fish as well—red herrings?

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 30 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Book part
Publication date: 3 December 2005

Ward Churchill

There is no argument among serious researchers that a mongoloid stock first colonized the New World from Asia. Nor is there controversy about the fact that these continental…

Abstract

There is no argument among serious researchers that a mongoloid stock first colonized the New World from Asia. Nor is there controversy about the fact that these continental pioneers used the Bering Land Bridge that then connected the Asian Far East with Alaska.– Gerald F. Shields, et al.American Journal of Genetics (1992)

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Social Theory as Politics in Knowledge
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-84950-363-1

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Article
Publication date: 23 March 2012

David Raska and Doris Shaw

The purpose of this paper is to examine the conditions under which US consumers, known for their “green” skepticism, are more (less) likely to respond favorably to a firm's…

4733

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the conditions under which US consumers, known for their “green” skepticism, are more (less) likely to respond favorably to a firm's environmental initiative in today's marketplace.

Design/methodology/approach

The research paper investigates whether the general positive impact derived from the implementation of societal initiatives found by other researchers carries over when specific environmental initiatives are put into operation. The authors test hypotheses related to consumer responses to information about a firm's environmental initiative with varied salience of its public‐ and self‐serving motives. Next, they test how consumer responses are affected by the level of perceived sincerity associated with a firm's environmental initiative. The role of brand commitment is also examined across both studies.

Findings

The results reveal that consumers use a rather skeptical approach when interpreting a firm's environmental initiative and that these responses vary based on the level of brand commitment, as well as how the initiative is presented to them.

Research limitations/implications

The generalizability of results is currently limited to a particular brand with strong brand equity, large market share, and highly experiential service (Starbucks).

Practical implications

The authors provide insights into what marketers and policy makers should consider in the development of environmental initiatives, in order to increase the likelihood of positive consumer responses.

Originality/value

The present research contributes to the development (and application) of more accurate models of consumer responses to a firm's environmental initiative.

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