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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1997

George Garman and C. Richard Scott

Two hundred and four countries are ranked by infrastructure characteristics including transportation, health, education, and communications. The mean and standard deviation of the…

171

Abstract

Two hundred and four countries are ranked by infrastructure characteristics including transportation, health, education, and communications. The mean and standard deviation of the 204 countries were computed for each infrastructure variable. For each country and each variable, the standard normal deviate was computed as was the associated area of the standard normal deviate and added (or subtracted) to unity to create a score for each country. To ease analysis of the data, each country was placed into one of 11 geographic regions and analyzed by quartiles. Results are depicted in tabular forms.

Details

International Journal of Commerce and Management, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1056-9219

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Article
Publication date: 28 June 2018

Kumar Saurabh and Tanuj Nandan

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between financial knowledge, socialization and financial satisfaction with financial risk attitude and financial behavior…

2363

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between financial knowledge, socialization and financial satisfaction with financial risk attitude and financial behavior as a mediator after demonetization and introduction of GST.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample consisted responses of 286 individuals from the city of Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India and making financial decisions for the household for at least last two years. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and mediation regression analysis.

Findings

All sub-scales used to measure constructs had satisfactory reliabilities and internal consistencies. It was found that financial risk attitude and financial behavior both mediate the relationship between financial socialization and financial satisfaction as well as between financial knowledge and financial satisfaction.

Research limitations/implications

This research is based upon survey method and voluntary participation. Hence one can question generalization of findings to larger samples. Moreover, the study is limited to a restricted geographical region which could affect the generalization of findings.

Practical implications

Results provide insights into the antecedents of financial satisfaction of individuals from tier II city of India. Financial planners may utilize this study for enhancement of financial satisfaction of their clients and hence retention of the same.

Originality/value

A majority of researchers use survey without evaluation validity of instruments in the selected context and sample. This research contributed to the literature and practice by testing validation of constructs of financial satisfaction in India.

Details

South Asian Journal of Business Studies, vol. 7 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2398-628X

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 6 December 2021

Free Access. Free Access

Abstract

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The Contributions of Health Care Management to Grand Health Care Challenges
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80117-801-3

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Book part
Publication date: 31 July 2013

Laura Gover and Linda Duxbury

This chapter seeks to increase our understanding of health care employees' perceptions of effective and ineffective leadership behavior within their organization.

Abstract

Purpose

This chapter seeks to increase our understanding of health care employees' perceptions of effective and ineffective leadership behavior within their organization.

Design/methodology/approach

Interviews were conducted with 59 employees working in a diversity of positions within the case study hospital. Interviewees were asked to cite behaviors of both an effective and an ineffective leader in their organization. They were also asked to clarify whether their example described the behavior of a formal or informal leader. Grounded theory data analysis techniques were used and findings were interpreting using existing leadership behavior theories.

Findings

(1) There was a consistent link between effective leadership and relationally oriented behaviors. (2) Employees identified both formal and informal leadership within their hospital. (3) There were both similarities and differences with respect to the types of behaviors attributed to informal versus formal leaders. (4) Informants cited a number of leadership behaviors not yet accounted for in the leadership behavior literature (e.g., ‘hands on’, ‘professional’, ‘knows organization’). (5) Ineffective leadership behavior is not simply the opposite of effective leadership.

Research implications

Findings support the following ideas: (1) there may be a relationship between the type of job held by employees in health care organizations and their perceptions of leader behavior, and (2) leadership behavior theories are not yet comprehensive enough to account for the varieties of leadership behavior in a health care organization. This study is limited by the fact that it focused on only those leadership theories that considered leader behavior.

Practical implications

There are two practical implications for health care organizations: (1) leaders should recognize that the type of behavior an employee prefers from a leader may vary by follower job group (e.g., nurses may prefer relational behavior more than managerial staff do), and (2) organizations could improve leader development programs and evaluation tools by identifying ineffective leadership behaviors that they want to see reduced within their workplace.

Social implications

Health care organizations could use these findings to identify informal leaders in their organization and invest in training and development for them in hopes that these individuals will have positive direct or indirect impacts on patient, staff, and organizational outcomes through their informal leadership role.

Value/originality

This study contributes to research and practice on leadership behavior in health care organizations by explicitly considering effective and ineffective leader behavior preferences across multiple job types in a health care organization. Such a study has not previously been done despite the multi-professional nature of health care organizations.

Details

Leading in Health Care Organizations: Improving Safety, Satisfaction and Financial Performance
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78190-633-0

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Article
Publication date: 1 October 2005

Amy E. Hurley‐Hanson, Stefan Wally, Sharon L. Segrest Purkiss and Jeffrey A. Sonnenfeld

This study aims to explore the role of formal education in managerial career attainment and how this role has changed over time.

2229

Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to explore the role of formal education in managerial career attainment and how this role has changed over time.

Design/methodology/approach

The personnel records of two cohorts of managers who entered the firm at different times in a large internal labor market company were examined. The study encompassed years of education, subject of degree, timing of degree conferral, and quality of educational institution. Career attainment was regressed on the control variables and the hypothesized predictor variables using hierarchical multiple regression analysis.

Findings

The research suggests that the importance of having an undergraduate degree seems to be increasing, while the importance of the selectivity of the university seems to be decreasing with respect to career attainment. Also, majoring in business continues to be an important factor related to career attainment.

Research limitations/implications

Future research focusing specifically on the differences in managerial career attainment of individuals who stay with their initial firm versus those who change employers would be beneficial. It would also be interesting to focus on the different reasons why people go back to school to obtain a degree.

Practical implications

Obtaining a degree after entering the firm was not related to career attainment. Universities have advocated the benefits of obtaining a degree to students who are already in the workforce. These results must be investigated further.

Originality/value

The data for this study were obtained from occupational records and allowed a more detailed analysis of an actual internal labor market organization and a longitudinal look at the changing role of education in relationship to career attainment.

Details

Personnel Review, vol. 34 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0048-3486

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Article
Publication date: 9 May 2023

Radoslaw M. Nowak

The study identifies the gap in the understanding of how employee resistance to change (RTC) could impact different stages of the process of innovation. To address this research…

597

Abstract

Purpose

The study identifies the gap in the understanding of how employee resistance to change (RTC) could impact different stages of the process of innovation. To address this research gap, the paper introduces a new model, which theorizes three moderating effects of RTC on the different elements of absorptive capacity (ACAP).

Design/methodology/approach

This study empirically tests the proposed model, using survey data collected from healthcare organizations in the United States of America.

Findings

First, the study reveals that RTC could damage the critical “connectedness” between potential absorptive capacity (PACAP) and realized absorptive capacity (RACAP), thus limiting the organization's ability to exploit new knowledge. Second, the findings also reveal that RTC can reduce the positive effect of acquisition (ACQ) on assimilation – the function responsible for decoding the meaning and for assimilating new valuable information incoming from the market.

Research limitations/implications

Research limitations of this study are discussed further.

Practical implications

The paper presents specific practical implications for managers.

Social implications

text.

Originality/value

This paper advances past research and practice by revealing two new mechanisms. When employees resist new changes initiated in the organizations, the resistance of employees will hinder the process of innovation in the following ways. (1) At the beginning of the process, employees can oppose and reject new valuable ideas incoming from the market. (2) At the stage of the implementation, such employees can engage in behavior that will weaken the organization's ability to successfully implement new process improvements that could otherwise increase organizational effectiveness.

Details

Journal of Strategy and Management, vol. 16 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1755-425X

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 14 November 2017

Abstract

Details

Hybrid Ventures
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78743-078-5

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Article
Publication date: 2 March 2015

Michael Bleaney and Zhiyong Li

This paper aims to investigate the performance of estimators of the bid-ask spread in a wide range of circumstances and sampling frequencies. The bid-ask spread is important for…

439

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the performance of estimators of the bid-ask spread in a wide range of circumstances and sampling frequencies. The bid-ask spread is important for many reasons. Because spread data are not always available, many methods have been suggested for estimating the spread. Existing papers focus on the performance of the estimators either under ideal conditions or in real data. The gap between ideal conditions and the properties of real data are usually ignored. The consistency of the estimates across various sampling frequencies is also ignored.

Design/methodology/approach

The estimators and the possible errors are analysed theoretically. Then we perform simulation experiments, reporting the bias, standard deviation and root mean square estimation error of each estimator. More specifically, we assess the effects of the following factors on the performance of the estimators: the magnitude of the spread relative to returns volatility, randomly varying of spreads, the autocorrelation of mid-price returns and mid-price changes caused by trade directions and feedback trading.

Findings

The best estimates come from using the highest frequency of data available. The relative performance of estimators can vary quite markedly with the sampling frequency. In small samples, the standard deviation can be more important to the estimation error than bias; in large samples, the opposite tends to be true.

Originality/value

There is a conspicuous lack of simulation evidence on the comparative performance of different estimators of the spread under the less than ideal conditions that are typical of real-world data. This paper aims to fill this gap.

Details

Studies in Economics and Finance, vol. 32 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1086-7376

Keywords

Available. Content available
Book part
Publication date: 26 November 2016

Karin Klenke

Free Access. Free Access

Abstract

Details

Qualitative Research in the Study of Leadership
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-651-9

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Article
Publication date: 6 June 2022

Utku Gūğerçin

The purpose of this study is to explore how change recipients emotionally resist information and communication technology (ICT)-induced organizational change in practice…

703

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to explore how change recipients emotionally resist information and communication technology (ICT)-induced organizational change in practice stage-by-stage.

Design/methodology/approach

Following a qualitative case study methodology, this paper integrates Kübler-Ross grief model into a hypothetical change initiative in a critically acclaimed feature film, Up in the Air. The unit of analysis is the main character, Ryan Bingham. As a change recipient, Bingham's emotional reactions are analyzed stage-by-stage.

Findings

The study concludes that emotional resistance to ICT-induced organizational change progresses through the five stages in line with Kübler-Ross model. Even though the focus in Kübler-Ross model is on death and dying, the stages in the model are remarkably similar to the reactions of a change recipient. It is also found that the film is an appropriate instrument to demonstrate the complicated reality and intricate details of resistance, providing abundant content for the analysis of psychological components of resistance.

Practical implications

The exploration of stages of emotional resistance may act as a guideline for leaders to follow throughout a change process. The study is expected to prepare the leaders for the reactions of change recipients so that they can deliver strong leadership throughout periods of change.

Originality/value

The originality of the study lies in the fact that it provides an opportunity to advance the understanding of the abstract concept of resistance, bridges the widely-discussed research-practice gap and analyze emotional resistance stage-by-stage by integrating Kübler-Ross model to a hypothetical change initiative.

Details

Leadership & Organization Development Journal, vol. 43 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0143-7739

Keywords

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