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Article
Publication date: 15 May 2007

Barbara A.W. Eversole, Gene Gloeckner and James H. Banning

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore differential adoption of work/life programs by organizations by studying CEOs. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual…

1997

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore differential adoption of work/life programs by organizations by studying CEOs. Design/methodology/approach – A conceptual framework was developed from interview data from 26 Denver‐area (Colorado, USA) CEOs. Findings – A decision‐making model was conceptualized as the major finding of this study. CEOs decided on work/life programs on content‐based bottom‐line arguments, on process‐based criteria, such as moral, spiritual, or flexibility beliefs, or on personal experiences that these programs return to the bottom line. If a CEO decided based on bottom‐line arguments, the main variable is whether or not retention is important. Research limitations/implications – As a qualitative study, caution should be exercised in generalizing to the general population of CEOs, particularly those who choose not to adopt work/life programs. Practical implications – The study provides data useful for top management persuasion, executive development, understanding executive decision‐making processes, and understanding factors important to work/life program adoption. Originality/value – Many factors have been studied concerning differential work/life program adoption, including the composition of the HR team. This is the first study to consider the influence of CEOs as key decision‐makers in the adoption decision. This study also offers a model that potentially explains the decision‐making process used by executives for human resource programs, and perhaps other programs as well.

Details

Journal of European Industrial Training, vol. 31 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0590

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Article
Publication date: 18 January 2013

Liorah Golomb

The purpose of this paper is to encourage and assist collection of adult‐level, graphic novels and book‐length comics by women, and to demonstrate the breadth and depth of such…

2553

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to encourage and assist collection of adult‐level, graphic novels and book‐length comics by women, and to demonstrate the breadth and depth of such work.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper provides a brief history of women and independent comics, tracing the medium's development from the 1970s underground comix movement to the present day. Individual creators and their works are discussed.

Findings

In the early years of independent comics, many of the women creating them were consciously reacting to an overwhelmingly male‐dominated profession. There was a high degree of shock value in these early works. As time went on the comics still tended towards the autobiographical, but storytelling gained importance. Most of the women creating comics today are still doing so from a woman's point of view, but their target audience seems more universal.

Originality/value

Graphic novels are in increasing demand, both for scholarly and leisure reading. Guides to collecting graphic novels exist; however, the vast majority of the artists included in these guides are men. This paper fills a gap by introducing librarians to several women graphic novelists who have been overlooked thus far.

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Article
Publication date: 10 September 2024

Ceren Mutlu, Zeynep Demir, Aysun Özkan and Mustafa Erbaş

This study aimed to evaluate the compositional changes and bioaccessibility of phenolics and antioxidants in propolis during in vitro digestion as well as the cytotoxic effects of…

74

Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the compositional changes and bioaccessibility of phenolics and antioxidants in propolis during in vitro digestion as well as the cytotoxic effects of digested propolis on various cancer cell lines.

Design/methodology/approach

Six propolis samples were obtained and subjected to in vitro oral, gastric and intestinal digestion. Both digested and undigested samples were analyzed for their total phenolic, flavonoid and antioxidant activities. Additionally, changes in phenolic composition in the in vitro digestion system were revealed by the HPLC-DAD system. The cytotoxic effects of the digested samples were assessed on lung (A549, H1299), skin (A431), liver (Hep-G2) and colon (Caco-2) cancer cells as well as on fibroblast (Bj) cells.

Findings

The mean bioaccessibility values of phenolic and flavonoid compounds were found to be less than 35 and 24%, respectively, while the TEAC and CUPRAC antioxidant results ranged between 225.08–649.04 and 398.68–1552.28 µmol TE/g, respectively. The release of p-coumaric, ferulic, 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acids, naringenin, pinocembrin and chrysin increased progressively from the oral to the intestinal stage. The cytotoxic effects of samples on cell lines were ranked, based on IC50 results, as A431 > Hep-G2 > Caco-2 > A549 > H1299 > Bj.

Originality/value

Propolis has been recognized for centuries as a natural remedy, and numerous studies have explored its bioactive components. However, no studies have previously examined the changes in the phenolic compositions of propolis samples during digestion or their cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. Therefore, this study provides novel insights and an approach to the existing literature on this topic.

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Details

British Food Journal, vol. 126 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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