Daniel Mark Carter, Roxanne Khan and Gayle Brewer
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the sexual aggression in sport literature, including an analysis of interventions delivered to athletes that focus on the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the sexual aggression in sport literature, including an analysis of interventions delivered to athletes that focus on the role of the coach and wider sporting community. The paper will also discuss the limitations of applying such prevention methods and possible directions for future research.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper provides an overview of research investigating the prevalence of sexually aggressive behaviour perpetrated by athletes, theoretical explanations of their sexual misconduct, and the application of violence prevention methods delivered to athletes.
Findings
Research findings are discussed in relation to the prevalence of sexual aggression in sport and the efficacy of prevention methods.
Originality/value
This is a viewpoint piece on sexual aggression in sport.
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Natalie Booth, Gail Derefaka, Roxanne Khan and Gayle Brewer
This study aims to build on existing literature on face-to-face aggression in intimate relationships and adopts Finkel’s I3 theory to investigate the relationship between adult…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to build on existing literature on face-to-face aggression in intimate relationships and adopts Finkel’s I3 theory to investigate the relationship between adult attachment style, dispositional self-control and cyber intimate partner aggression (IPA) perpetration and victimization.
Design/methodology/approach
Participants (N = 173) 20–52 years of age (M = 32.75 years, SD = 7.73, mode = 29 years) completed a series of standardized online measures to assess anxious and avoidant attachment, dispositional self-control and experience of cyber IPA (psychological, sexual and stalking), as both a perpetrator and victim.
Findings
Avoidant attachment was associated with increased perpetration of stalking and psychological abuse. Those high on avoidant attachment were also more likely to report that they were victims of cyber IPA psychological abuse and stalking. Self-control did not predict experience of cyber IPA, as a perpetrator or victim. Interactions between self-control and attachment were also non-significant.
Originality/value
This study addressed the paucity of cyber IPA research conducted with adult populations, by examining processes and factors to improve understanding of the experiences of online perpetration and victimization. The study also found evidence for the importance of impellance factors but not inhibiting factors (Finkel, 2008).
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Gayle Brewer, Mark Roy and Yvonne Smith
Self‐reported health (and the extent to which this was associated with partner abuse or psychosocial variables) was investigated in 132 women recruited from a domestic violence…
Abstract
Self‐reported health (and the extent to which this was associated with partner abuse or psychosocial variables) was investigated in 132 women recruited from a domestic violence service. The survey instrument included abuse disability, life event and daily stress exposure, social support, anger expression style, and perceived health status. The prevalence estimates for this sample were significantly higher than standard estimates across a range of health problems. Regression models demonstrated that whilst the extent of partner abuse predicted the prevalence of three conditions, psychosocial factors were more substantial predictors of health and well‐being in domestic violence victims. Of these, life event frequency and anger expression were the most significant. These findings provide important information about the health of domestic violence victims as they seek support from domestic violence agencies, with relevance for practitioners working with victims who have terminated a violent relationship and for those supporting victims who remain with a violent partner.
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Gayle Brewer and Emma Whiteside
Consequences of workplace bullying include increased stress, poor physical and psychological health and low job satisfaction. Workplace bullying is particularly prevalent in…
Abstract
Purpose
Consequences of workplace bullying include increased stress, poor physical and psychological health and low job satisfaction. Workplace bullying is particularly prevalent in professions that may involve a degree of aggression. Despite this, little information exists about the nature of workplace bullying in a prison context. The current study aims to investigate the presence of workplace bullying at one British prison.
Design/methodology/approach
Employees (n=72) were invited to complete the Work Harassment Scale and the Work Stress Symptom Scale.
Findings
A standard multiple regression revealed that direct experience of bullying significantly predicted stress. Factor analyses identified four types of bullying experienced and three types of bullying witnessed by prison employees. Subsequent analyses revealed that experiencing one specific bullying behavior (i.e. dismissive of individual and their work) predicted physical, psychological and behavioral symptoms of stress. Witnessing one form of bullying (i.e. dismissive, personal attack and threats) also predicted the physical and psychological symptoms of stress.
Research limitations/implications
The study is reliant on self reported data and employs a relatively small sample.
Practical implications
Dismissive behavior in particular is associated with employee stress. Interventions should prioritise this type of workplace bullying.
Originality/value
Few studies have considered the nature of workplace bullying in a prison context. The current study details the prevalence of bullying amongst prison employees, the extent to which bullying impacts on employee stress, and the components of bullying that may be most harmful.
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Jane Ireland, Nicola Graham‐Kevan, Michelle Davies and Douglas Fry
Jane L. Ireland, Nicola Graham-Kevan, Michelle Davies and Douglas P. Fry
Noel Harmon, Khalilah Doss and Saran Donahoo
Widely viewed and supported as entertainment, we still know relatively little about the postsecondary experiences about college student-athletes especially when compared to other…
Abstract
Widely viewed and supported as entertainment, we still know relatively little about the postsecondary experiences about college student-athletes especially when compared to other student populations. As such, this chapter contributes to that literature by first reviewing what we already know about Black female student-athletes as a unique population in the postsecondary environment who face challenges that differ from their Black male and White female counterparts. Second, this chapter expands the literature by analyzing data from original research conducted by the authors that focus on the academic, athletic, and campus climate experiences of these students.