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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the research in a project aimed at developing manufacturing techniques for integrated optical and electronic interconnect printed circuit boards (OPCB) including the motivation for this research, the progress, the achievements and the interactions between the partners.

Design/methodology/approach

Several polymer waveguide fabrication methods were developed including direct laser write, laser ablation and inkjet printing. Polymer formulations were developed to suit the fabrication methods. Computer‐aided design (CAD) tools were developed and waveguide layout design rules were established. The CAD tools were used to lay out a complex backplane interconnect pattern to meet practical demanding specifications for use in a system demonstrator.

Findings

Novel polymer formulations for polyacrylate enable faster writing times for laser direct write fabrication. Control of the fabrication parameters enables inkjet printing of polysiloxane waveguides. Several different laser systems can be used to form waveguide structures by ablation. Establishment of waveguide layout design rules from experimental measurements and modelling enables successful first time layout of complex interconnection patterns.

Research limitations/implications

The complexity and length of the waveguides in a complex backplane interconnect, beyond that achieved in this paper, is limited by the bend loss and by the propagation loss partially caused by waveguide sidewall roughness, so further research in these areas would be beneficial to give a wider range of applicability.

Originality/value

The paper gives an overview of advances in polymer formulation, fabrication methods and CAD tools, for manufacturing of complex hybrid‐integrated OPCBs.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 36 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1993

The Surface Mount Equipment Manufacturers Association (SMEMA) has announced that its new document is ready for release. ‘Reflow Soldering Terms and Definitions Glossary’ was…

14

Abstract

The Surface Mount Equipment Manufacturers Association (SMEMA) has announced that its new document is ready for release. ‘Reflow Soldering Terms and Definitions Glossary’ was compiled under the chairmanship of Mr Phil Zarrow of Vitronics. This SMEMA publication will be updated regularly under the ongoing supervision of this committee.

Details

Soldering & Surface Mount Technology, vol. 5 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0954-0911

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1992

Robert Blancquaert, Miloš Somora, M.S. Vijayaraghavan and D.J. Lowrie

ISHM‐Benelux has recently set up a permanent secretariat at the following address:

24

Abstract

ISHM‐Benelux has recently set up a permanent secretariat at the following address:

Details

Microelectronics International, vol. 9 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1356-5362

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Article
Publication date: 22 February 2008

Min‐Hui Foo, Gary Douglas and Mervyn A. Jack

The purpose of this paper is to show that new technologies have significantly changed the way that customers interact with their bank. Whilst a trip down to the local branch was…

3099

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to show that new technologies have significantly changed the way that customers interact with their bank. Whilst a trip down to the local branch was mandatory in the past for a customer to do their banking, all that is required now in many situations is simply to send a text message or log on to the internet. However, the idea of exploiting customer competency with new technologies to create new distribution channels has become a double‐edged sword. Although the distance between the bank and its customer is shortened in that direct contact can be established within a matter of seconds with these new technologies, the impact on the customer's perceived relationship with the brand remains an issue of strategic importance that needs to be evaluated. In order to exploit the advantages of technology, a full understanding of the factors and processes involved in the customer‐brand relationship associated with use of self‐service banking channels is necessary.

Design/methodology/approach

The methodology is an empirical study using bank customers as participants, which was conducted to examine the impact of salient relationship norms on customers' perceptions of their relationship with their bank.

Findings

Based on the experiment data, the paper establishes the relevance of the concepts of communal and exchange relationship norms in the study of customer‐brand relationships in a business context.

Originality/value

The implications from the findings provide insights into the importance of relationship theory in explaining customers' perceived relationship with brands, specifically that of their bank.

Details

International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 26 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-2323

Keywords

Available. Content available
Article
Publication date: 30 November 2012

Robin Johnson

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Abstract

Details

Housing, Care and Support, vol. 15 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1460-8790

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Book part
Publication date: 19 October 2022

CJ Meadows and Charvi Parikh

Abstract

Details

The Design Thinking Workbook: Essential Skills for Creativity and Business Growth
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-192-4

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Article
Publication date: 3 March 2023

Ebenezer Adaku, Victor Osei-Poku, Jemima Antwiwaa Ottou and Adwoa Yirenkyi-Fianko

The phenomenon of delayed payment to contractors, particularly in the construction industry, is a vital one and has implications for the health of economies of both developing and…

598

Abstract

Purpose

The phenomenon of delayed payment to contractors, particularly in the construction industry, is a vital one and has implications for the health of economies of both developing and developed countries. However, the knowledge of this phenomenon seems patchy and scattered. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge on the subject matter with directions for future research.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic literature review coupled with a scientometric analysis was used to identify the main strands of delayed payment to contractor research as a basis for qualitative analysis and directions for future investigations.

Findings

Current trends of delayed payment to contractor research are categorised into five broad themes, namely: causes, effects, mitigation measures, ethical and law and regulatory issues. On the basis of these themes, directions for future research are proffered.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors knowledge, this is the first attempt at providing a comprehensive and an integrated knowledge on delayed payment to contractor research with pointers for further investigation and policy directions.

Details

Construction Innovation , vol. 24 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1471-4175

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1968

BOOKS are among the greatest and most wonderful achievements of human genius, they are also a powerful means of struggle for progress. The book accompanies man all his life; it is…

100

Abstract

BOOKS are among the greatest and most wonderful achievements of human genius, they are also a powerful means of struggle for progress. The book accompanies man all his life; it is a creation of his brain and soul. It reflects the life of mankind and is the result of collective efforts of author and publisher, type‐setter and illustrator. But foremost a book is always and everywhere a social and political phenomenon. One of the most apt evaluations of the book was given by V. I. Lenin in 1917, when he was known to state to A. V. Lunacharsky, “The book is a great force indeed”.

Details

New Library World, vol. 69 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0307-4803

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Article
Publication date: 16 December 2019

Peggy Cunningham, Minette E. Drumwright and Kenneth William Foster

The purpose of this paper is to explore the question of why sex harassment persists in organizations for prolonged periods – often as an open secret.

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the question of why sex harassment persists in organizations for prolonged periods – often as an open secret.

Design/methodology/approach

In-depth interviews were conducted with 28 people in diverse organizations experiencing persistent sex harassment. Data were analyzed using standard qualitative methods.

Findings

The overarching finding was that perpetrators were embedded in networks of complicity that were central to explaining the persistence of sex harassment in organizations. By using power and manipulating information, perpetrators built networks that protected them from sanction and enabled their behavior to continue unchecked. Networks of complicity metastasized and caused lasting harm to victims, other employees and the organization as a whole.

Research limitations/implications

The authors used broad, open-ended questions and guided introspection to guard against the tendency to ask for information to confirm their assumptions, and the authors analyzed the data independently to mitigate subjectivity and establish reliability.

Practical implications

To stop persistent sex harassment, not only must perpetrators be removed, but formal and informal ties among network of complicity members must also be weakened or broken, and victims must be integrated into networks of support. Bystanders must be trained and activated to take positive action, and power must be diffused through egalitarian leadership.

Social implications

Understanding the power of networks in enabling perpetrators to persist in their destructive behavior is another step in countering sex harassment.

Originality/value

Social network theory has rarely been used to understand sex harassment or why it persists.

Details

Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, vol. 40 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2040-7149

Keywords

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Article
Publication date: 12 June 2009

Ann M. Torres

Cloon Keen Atelier develops candle and skin care products. The challenge for this small operator is to develop a strategy, which reinforces its chosen position as it develops new…

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Abstract

Purpose

Cloon Keen Atelier develops candle and skin care products. The challenge for this small operator is to develop a strategy, which reinforces its chosen position as it develops new products and expands into other markets. Cloon Keen is known for its premium scented candles, but it is seeking to expand into the personal care market by creating their own line of skin care products and complementary accessories. Cloon Keen believes their handcrafted candles could provide a platform for developing a lifestyle brand. This paper aims to address these issues.

Design/methodology/approach

In‐depth interviews and secondary sources are used to collate the information from which the case study is developed.

Findings

Achieving the status of a lifestyle brand means the products embody the values and aspirations of particular group(s) or culture; it speaks powerfully to the core identity of its consumers. Typically, lifestyle brands are accompanied by a powerful promotional campaign to communicate the lifestyle brand values to audiences. To date, Cloon Keen's promotional efforts have been limited. The question is whether it can develop sufficient market presence to one day make the claim of being a lifestyle brand. The challenge for Cloon Keen is to find the optimum market position that provides a strategic advantage in a climate of robust competition.

Originality/value

The case study provides the opportunity to examine how an small‐ to medium‐sized enterprises may build its brand presence within a highly competitive market.

Details

Marketing Intelligence & Planning, vol. 27 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0263-4503

Keywords

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