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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2006

Michael Jump and Gareth D. Padfield

To provide a progress report into research conducted to establish guidelines for the development of guidance vision aids.

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Abstract

Purpose

To provide a progress report into research conducted to establish guidelines for the development of guidance vision aids.

Design/methodology/approach

The first stage of the research is to establish a coherent engineering basis for the methods of (visual) motion perception and control to inform the design of pilot aids that will support flight in degraded visual conditions, particularly when close to the ground. The next stage will then be to construct and evaluate synthetic displays that recover the visual cues necessary to allow flight in degraded visual conditions for a range of manoeuvres using the flight simulation facilities at the University of Liverpool (UoL). The research is guided by tau (time to contact) theory from the field of ecological psychology.

Findings

The closure of spatial gaps for a number of aircraft manoeuvres are presented in the tau domain. Analysis of the landing flare manoeuvre suggest that both a constant rate of change of tau strategy and an intrinsic tau‐guidance strategy will yield benefits in terms of touchdown descent rate if presented as display symbology.

Research limitations/implications

Results are presented from trials where only one professional pilot was used. Results from a wider population of pilots need to be analysed to ensure that the observed trends are generic.

Practical implications

The reported results are being used in the next phase of the research project to inform the design of a guidance vision‐aid for the flare manoeuvre. These displays will be tested in flight simulation trials.

Originality/value

The research takes a theory of motion perception and applies it to aircraft guidance display technology.

Details

Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 78 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 June 1978

Application of the numerical method to the art of Medicine was regarded not as a “trivial ingenuity” but “an important stage in its development”; thus proclaimed Professor…

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Abstract

Application of the numerical method to the art of Medicine was regarded not as a “trivial ingenuity” but “an important stage in its development”; thus proclaimed Professor Bradford Hill, accepted as the father of medical statistics, a study still largely unintelligible to the mass of medical practitioners. The need for Statistics is the elucidation of the effects of multiple causes; this represents the essence of the statistical method and is most commendable. Conclusions reached empirically under statistical scrutiny have mistakes and fallacies exposed. Numerical methods of analysis, the mathematical approach, reveals data relating to factors in an investigation, which might be missed in empirical observation, and by means of a figure states their significance in the whole. A simplified example is the numerical analysis of food poisoning, which alone determines the commonest causative organisms, the commonest food vehicles and the organisms which affect different foods, as well as changes in the pattern, e.g., the rising incidence of S. agona and the increase of turkey (and the occasions on which it is served, such as Christmas parties), as a food poisoning vehicle. The information data enables preventive measures to be taken. The ever‐widening fields of Medicine literally teem with such situations, where complexities are unravelled and the true significance of the many factors are established. Almost every sphere of human activity can be similarly measured. Apart from errors of sampling, problems seem fewer and controversy less with technical methods of analysis then on the presentation and interpretation of figures, or as Bradford Hill states “on the application of common sense and on elementary rules of logic”.

Details

British Food Journal, vol. 80 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0007-070X

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