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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1950

J.K. Haviland and G.F.W. McCaffrey

A HYDRAULIC static testing apparatus has been installed in the Structures Laboratory for the purpose of carrying out static strength tests on aircraft components and other large…

47

Abstract

A HYDRAULIC static testing apparatus has been installed in the Structures Laboratory for the purpose of carrying out static strength tests on aircraft components and other large structures. In the design of this apparatus, an attempt has been made to provide testing facilities which are as complete as possible within the physical limitations imposed by shape and size of the existing building.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 22 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1958

THE Mathematical Services Department was formed nearly ten years ago to provide a mathematical and computational service for the Establishment. Its computing equipment now…

29

Abstract

THE Mathematical Services Department was formed nearly ten years ago to provide a mathematical and computational service for the Establishment. Its computing equipment now includes two high‐speed electronic digital computers (DEUCE), a Hollerith punched card installation, and a number of small computing instruments of both analogue and digital type.

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Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, vol. 30 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0002-2667

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Book part
Publication date: 8 September 2022

Magnus Henrekson and Mikael Stenkula

William J. Baumol was one of the most prolific economists of his generation, analyzing a broad range of central economic issues addressing real problems of the world. In this…

Abstract

William J. Baumol was one of the most prolific economists of his generation, analyzing a broad range of central economic issues addressing real problems of the world. In this essay, we present and critically evaluate Baumol’s research contributions in entrepreneurship economics and point to areas for future research. Baumol contributed an impressive number of important insights, increasing our understanding of entrepreneurship from both a macro and a micro perspective. He also devoted a large part of his writings to discussing public policy, linking his theoretical insights with policy issues in practice. His analyses are rooted in contemporary mainstream neoclassical economics, and one of his main objectives was to integrate the entrepreneur into this tradition. Today, Baumol is best known for his tripartite distinction between productive, unproductive, and destructive entrepreneurship and his associated idea that the institutional framework, “the rules of the game,” will determine how entrepreneurs allocate their time and effort across different – productive or unproductive – activities. An institutional environment that encourages productive entrepreneurship and spontaneous experimentation while disincentivizing unproductive activities becomes, through this insightful lens, the driving force of economic growth. As an economist, Baumol was knowledgeable and well acquainted with earlier scholars and their writings about entrepreneurship. Baumol’s writings were greatly inspired by Joseph Schumpeter’s views on entrepreneurship, and he made several attempts to formalize Schumpeter’s concept of the innovative entrepreneur. Baumol was in all senses an innovative contributor to entrepreneurship economics. His work has inspired the research community of entrepreneurship scholars, but like all great scientists, he also encountered criticism. His effort to integrate entrepreneurship into the mainstream theory of the firm was only partly successful.

Details

Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on the Work of William J. Baumol: Heterodox Inspirations and Neoclassical Models
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-708-7

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Book part
Publication date: 13 August 2018

Robert L. Dipboye

Abstract

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The Emerald Review of Industrial and Organizational Psychology
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78743-786-9

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Book part
Publication date: 2 July 2004

Abstract

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Functional Structure and Approximation in Econometrics
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-44450-861-4

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Book part
Publication date: 9 April 2019

Barrie Gunter

Abstract

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Gambling Advertising: Nature, Effects and Regulation
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78769-923-6

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Book part
Publication date: 23 September 2014

Abstract

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Local Disaster Risk Management in a Changing Climate: Perspective from Central America
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78350-935-5

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Article
Publication date: 20 March 2009

Ronald H. Heck

The purpose of this paper is to show how increasing teacher effectiveness is central to school efforts to improve student outcomes. This study aims to examine successive teachers'…

8080

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to show how increasing teacher effectiveness is central to school efforts to improve student outcomes. This study aims to examine successive teachers' effects on student achievement. The premise advanced is that teacher effectiveness is an individual resource that varies across classrooms within schools, as well as a collective resource that varies across schools.

Design/methodology/approach

The methods used represent an attempt to expand the scope of previous studies about ways in which schools affect student learning by examining a multilevel constellation of teacher‐related effects (e.g. classroom effectiveness, collective teaching quality, school academic organization) that can be changed to increase educational effectiveness. The sample consisted of 9,196 students, cross‐classified in 511 and 527 classrooms, and nested in 156 elementary schools.

Findings

First, the effectiveness of successive teachers was related to student achievement in reading and math. Second, collective teacher effectiveness, as an organizational property of schools, was positively associated with achievement levels. Third, the stability of the school's teaching staff and the quality of its academic organization and teaching processes were positively related to achievement levels.

Originality/value

Findings are consistent with studies that have found that differences in teacher effectiveness matter in explaining student achievement. They also suggest that teacher effects tend to accumulate within and between schools to provide noticeable academic advantage or disadvantage. The results imply promising avenues through which a leadership focus on hiring and retaining high‐quality teachers and facilitating improved academic processes can yield increased school effectiveness.

Details

Journal of Educational Administration, vol. 47 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0957-8234

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Book part
Publication date: 19 February 2024

Quoc Trung Tran

Free Access. Free Access

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Dividend Policy
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83797-988-2

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Article
Publication date: 9 August 2022

Fernando Antonio Monteiro Christoph D’Andrea

The study aims to demonstrate how different arrangements and characteristics of institutions can generate or mitigate uncertainty thereby facilitating or hampering the…

275

Abstract

Purpose

The study aims to demonstrate how different arrangements and characteristics of institutions can generate or mitigate uncertainty thereby facilitating or hampering the possibilities of entrepreneurial action.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a conceptual paper that advances the theoretical understanding of the relationship between entrepreneurial uncertainty and the different institutional levels, their characteristics and their interplay.

Findings

Entrepreneurial uncertainty also comes from the institutional environment and this has direct impact on the propensity to take action. The characteristics of the different institutional levels, in specific, their quality, stability, alignment and the burden imposed by L2 impact in the emergence of entrepreneurial uncertainty.

Research limitations/implications

This is a conceptual paper that makes a number of theoretical suggestions which need to be further analyzed by empirical work.

Practical implications

The findings suggest that different institutional levels need to be dealt with differently by research studies and institutional agents, including policy makers. Among others, the findings also suggest that stability is key to entrepreneurship and that the benefits of high quality regulation can be undermined by its excessive burden, reducing entrepreneurial action and harming development.

Social implications

Institutional actors should provide stability and allow for the improvement of the environment overall. Specifically, policy makers should aim at good quality regulation that is valid across the board, that provides stability and gives room for improvement of the institutions. Policy makers should refrain from trying to foster specific industries; they should instead provide a leveled playing field without trying to direct the entrepreneurial efforts towards an industry or geographic region and without being overly demeaning.

Originality/value

This research breaks new ground. It unites ideas from entrepreneurship and institutions suggesting a novel, much more nuanced approach to their interplay. The results can be used by scholars in the fields of entrepreneurship, institutions and economic development. They also have the potential to help to educate policy makers in their quest to improve the context for entrepreneurs.

Details

Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2045-2101

Keywords

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