A.M. Asiri, G.A. Baghaffar and N.H. Ismaiel
To discover new photochromic molecules suitable for various applications.
Abstract
Purpose
To discover new photochromic molecules suitable for various applications.
Design/methodology/approach
The synthesis of the new photochromic Aniline derivatives was accomplished by reaction of tetracyanoquinodimethane and anilines in polar solvents such as dimethylformamide.
Findings
A novel photochromic system had been designed and developed. The synthesis and photochromic properties of three aniline derivatives upon irradiation with ultraviolet light were studies in different solvents. The photochromic and thermochromic properties were affected markedly upon changing the solvent polarity. The new materials gave colourless to deep yellow coloration upon irradiation with ultraviolet, rendering them suitable candidates for optical storage media using the region of 700 nm.
Practical implications
A new photochromic system had been developed via a simple method. The new compounds showed photochromic, thermochromic, and solvatochromic properties making them potential candidates for many applications such as photo sensors, optical data storage, thermochromic sensors and heat sensitive materials.
Originality/value
The photochromic system was novel and hence the photochromic molecules were novel.
Details
Keywords
To evaluate the photochromic performance of fulgide 1‐E with ferrocene in polymer matrices.
Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the photochromic performance of fulgide 1‐E with ferrocene in polymer matrices.
Design/methodology/approach
The fulgide 1‐E with ferrocene dye 2 doped in polymethylmethacrylate was prepared and the effects of UV irradiation were studied using spectrophotometer. The reversible reaction was effected using white light. The effect of heat was also determined.
Findings
A film of the brown coloured fulgide 1‐E with ferrocene doped in PMMA polymer was irradiated with ultraviolet light (365 nm), the film turned red. The later colour was partially switched back to the original brown colour when the film was irradiated with a white light. It was found that the rate constants of photocoloration reaction at initial stages are faster than those at late stages. Similarly, the photocoloration reaction was slower than the photobleaching reaction. Photocoloration reaction decreased with the increase of the annealing temperatures, but for photobleaching reaction, the rates were almost similar (at 46 and 82°C). The fatigue resistance of the film was greatly improved when the annealing temperature increased to 82°C.
Research limitations/implications
The polymethylmethacrylate polymer doped photochromic fulgide 1‐E and ferrocene 2 described in the present paper was prepared and studied. The principle of study established can be applied to any type of polymer or to any type of photochromic compounds.
Practical implications
The photochromic materials developed can be used for different applications, such as coatings and holography.
Originality/value
The method developed may be used to enhance the performance of photochromic materials.
Details
Keywords
G.A. Baghaffar, A.M. Asiri, B.M. Babgi and M.S. Al‐Amoudi
To discuss synthesis and evaluation of organo‐metallic chalcones as second‐order nonlinear optical (SONLO) materials.
Abstract
Purpose
To discuss synthesis and evaluation of organo‐metallic chalcones as second‐order nonlinear optical (SONLO) materials.
Design/methodology/approach
The new chalcones have been synthesised via Knovoenagel reactions of ferrocen carboxaldehyde with two active methylene compounds.
Findings
The ferrocenyl chalcones prepared have shown bathochromic shift and thermal stability in polymeric film. On heating the dye films up to 80°C the extent of degradation reached up to 12 per cent and very small amount of degradation was observed at 43 and 60°C.
Originality/value
The paper shows that these compounds have UV‐Vis bathochromic shift, enabling them to be used as SONLO materials in the blue domain as well as dyes.