I. Rapport de synthèse de André Guignand, Paris Après les souhaits de bienvenue par les représentants des Autorités autrichiennes nationales, régionales et locales qui nous ont si…
Abstract
I. Rapport de synthèse de André Guignand, Paris Après les souhaits de bienvenue par les représentants des Autorités autrichiennes nationales, régionales et locales qui nous ont si aimablement accueillis, le Président W. Hunziker lance le Congrès en appelant à une concentration des esprits sur ce sujet d'actualité qu'on appelle le Marketing.
Lijun Qiao, Allan J. Easteal, Clive J. Bolt, Philip K. Coveny and Robert A. Franich
Poly (vinyl acetate)‐based emulsion polymer/isocyanates (EPI) structural wood adhesives were prepared and their performance benchmark tested according to the specifications of the…
Abstract
Poly (vinyl acetate)‐based emulsion polymer/isocyanates (EPI) structural wood adhesives were prepared and their performance benchmark tested according to the specifications of the Japanese JAS‐111 standard. The changes of the glass transition temperature of the cured emulsions relative to unmodified poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion, measured using differential scanning calorimetry, indicated the chemical structure changes resulting from modification of poly(vinyl acetate) emulsion. The EPI adhesives showed excellent water resistance and near‐colourless gluelines in wood joints, ease of application and additional significant advantages over other types of wood adhesives. The performance test results are interpreted on the basis of the viscoelastic behaviour of free‐standing adhesive films. Other types of crosslinkers were used in the study to compare with the isocyanate hardeners.
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Feng Gao, Yuqing Sun, Zhicheng Li and Manyi Wang
Integrating self-determination theory with work-family boundary theory, this study delves into the mechanism (i.e. workplace anxiety) and boundary (i.e. intrinsic motivation) by…
Abstract
Purpose
Integrating self-determination theory with work-family boundary theory, this study delves into the mechanism (i.e. workplace anxiety) and boundary (i.e. intrinsic motivation) by which family motivation can inadvertently escalate work interference with family.
Design/methodology/approach
We conducted two three-wave field survey studies of 468 employees and 298 employees in China to test the theoretical model.
Findings
When intrinsic motivation is weak, employees with high family motivation feel anxious at work and thus experience more work interference with family.
Practical implications
The motivation to support one’s family through work increases the possibility of workplace anxiety and work interference with family. To alleviate this impact, cultivating intrinsic motivation is important. Thus, we encourage employees to be compassionate toward their internal feelings and needs while performing their jobs. Moreover, organizations are encouraged to improve employees’ intrinsic motivation by implementing practices that support their basic psychological needs.
Originality/value
This study casts new light on the potential adverse effects that family motivation may have on the work-family interface, challenging the prevalent belief that working for the family invariably improves the work-family interface. Moreover, it provides a new lens to understand how valuing the family inadvertently increases work interference with family.
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E. Ateş and N. Kızılcan
Cyclohexanone‐formaldehyde resins (CF‐Rs) were in situ modified with aniline, 4‐aminodiphenylamine, and N‐N′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylene diamine in presence of sodium hydroxide. The…
Abstract
Purpose
Cyclohexanone‐formaldehyde resins (CF‐Rs) were in situ modified with aniline, 4‐aminodiphenylamine, and N‐N′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylene diamine in presence of sodium hydroxide. The purpose of this paper is to report the synthesis of conducting resins with aniline, dimer and trimer aniline, with a one‐step method of in situ modification of ketonic resin. The roles of ketone, aniline concentration, the conductivity of the product are investigated.
Design/methodology/approach
Ketone, formalin (37 per cent aqueous solution), aniline or oligoaniline were mixed and 20 per cent aqueous NaOH solution was added to produce the resin.
Findings
The aniline‐modified (CF‐Rs) were found to have conductivity values of 10−3‐10−5 S/cm and may be considered as conductive ketonic resin.
Research limitations/implications
The reaction mixture must be stirred continuously. Amount of aniline and oligoaniline is limited. Subsequently, 37 per cent formalin was added dropwise in total while refluxing. The amount of aniline is limited since the formed resin may become insoluble in common organic solvents.
Practical implications
This work provides the application of conducting resins. The modified resins containing aniline groups may also promote the adhesive strength of a coating and corrosion inhibition to metal surfaces.
Originality/value
Aniline formaldehyde, N‐N′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine‐formaldehyde, aniline‐ and oligoaniline‐modified (CF‐Rs) have been synthesised in the presence of a base catalyst. These resins are conductive resins and the ketonic resins formed have physical properties of both aniline‐formaldehyde resins such as conductivity.
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Yunjia Chi, Lin Jiang, Yixuan Zeng and Xuchen Bai
Family cues are widely used in interactive marketing because they appeal to a broad demographic, engaging consumers across different ages and life stages. This research aims to…
Abstract
Purpose
Family cues are widely used in interactive marketing because they appeal to a broad demographic, engaging consumers across different ages and life stages. This research aims to investigate whether and how family motivation, induced by exposure to family-related cues in marketing, influences consumers’ self-control behavior.
Design/methodology/approach
Seven studies – including one field experiment, five online experiments and one study analyzing secondary data – robustly support the hypothesis that family motivation enhances self-control by fostering a stronger future orientation. The main effect was tested through both field and online experiments. The mediating role of future orientation was explored using measured mediation as well as a process-manipulation approach. Additionally, we identified a boundary condition for this effect. Finally, real-world evidence for the proposed relationship was demonstrated through an analysis of secondary data from a large-scale, nationwide general social survey.
Findings
This research shows that family motivation enhances future orientation, which in turn promotes self-control. Furthermore, this relationship is moderated by a live-in-the-moment belief.
Practical implications
Marketing appeals emphasizing family should be directed toward services and products that are not seen as indulgent. Furthermore, we provide policymakers with a simpler alternative to traditional long-term self-control training by promoting self-control behavior through the activation of family motivation.
Originality/value
To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first to examine the impact of family motivation on consumer behavior. We also contribute to the self-control literature by identifying a new antecedent to self-control.
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Die Preiselastizität und die Einkommenselastizität der Tourismusnachfrage werden in der Fachiteratur ber Tourismus schon lange diskutiert (Hunziker W., Krapf, K., 1942, Menges, G…
Abstract
Die Preiselastizität und die Einkommenselastizität der Tourismusnachfrage werden in der Fachiteratur ber Tourismus schon lange diskutiert (Hunziker W., Krapf, K., 1942, Menges, G., 1959, Znd R., 1969). Bekannt ist auch der Begriff der Freizeitelastizität (Socher, K., 1985). Über die ökologische Elastizität der Tourismusnachfrage steht bis heute kein grundlegend teoretisch sowie auch kein empirisch erfaßtes Datenmaterial zur Verfügung.
L. Fradette, P.A. Tanguy, P. Hurez and D. Blouin
The design of vacuum calibrators for the cooling of complex PVC profilesis central to the production of high quality extrudates. One importantparameter governing cooling…
Abstract
The design of vacuum calibrators for the cooling of complex PVC profiles is central to the production of high quality extrudates. One important parameter governing cooling efficiency is the heat transfer coefficient at the interface between the stainless steel calibrator and the PVC extrudate, whose value is often taken as constant regardless of the extrusion velocity and the applied pressure vacuum. In this paper, a method is proposed to evaluate the variation of the heat transfer coefficient over the entire calibrator length. The idea is to use temperature measurements together with heat transfer simulation to derive a heat transfer correlation that can be used in practical design cases.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate in situ modification of cyclohexanone‐formaldehyde resins (CFR) by 4‐vinyl aniline (Van). The roles of the reaction temperature, the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate in situ modification of cyclohexanone‐formaldehyde resins (CFR) by 4‐vinyl aniline (Van). The roles of the reaction temperature, the conductivity, thermal properties, and molecular weight of the product were investigated. CFR was in situ modified with VAn in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Ketonic resin‐bound 4‐vinyl aniline was synthesised with a one‐step method of in situ modification of ketonic resin. The roles of the reaction temperature and the conductivity of the product were investigated.
Design/methodology/approach
Ketone, formalin (37% aqueous solution), vinyl aniline were mixed and then 20% aqueous NaOH solution was added to produce the resin. The solubility, molecular weight and thermal properties of the products were investigated.
Findings
The 4‐vinyl aniline modified cyclohexanone‐formaldehyde resins were found to have conductivity values of 10−4 and 10−2 S/cm and may be considered as conductive ketonic resin. Soluble and processable conductive ketonic resins were developed.
Research limitations/implications
The reaction mixture of CFR must be stirred continuously at low temperature. Subsequently, 37% formalin was added dropwise in equal portions while refluxing. Temperature should be controlled to prevent the thermal polymerisation of vinyl group and higher branching of amino groups. The amount of vinyl aniline used in reaction mixture is limited since the formed resin may become insoluble in common organic solvents.
Practical implications
This study provides technical information for the synthesis of conducting resins. The modified resins contain vinyl groups. The chemical redox or radical system can be used to polymerise these vinyl groups and resins with much higher molecular weight may be produced. The resins may also promote the adhesive strength of a coating and corrosion inhibition to metal surfaces of a coating.
Originality/value
Vinyl aniline modified cyclohexanone formaldehyde resins have been synthesised in the presence of a basice catalyst. These soluble and conductive resins may overcome difficulties in the applications of conducting polymers and open new application areas. Therefore, the vinyl aniline modified resin may find a number of new application areas, as well as existing conducting resin and polymer applications.
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The following is an annotated list of materials that discuss the ways in which librarians can provide library users with orientation to facilities and services, and instruct them…
Abstract
The following is an annotated list of materials that discuss the ways in which librarians can provide library users with orientation to facilities and services, and instruct them in library information and computer skills. This is RSR's 11th annual review of this literature, and covers publications from 1984. A few items from 1983 have been included because of their significance, and because they were not available for review last year. Several items were not annotated because the compiler was unable to secure them.
Auf eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Methoden der Fremdenverkehrsstatistik, die hier zu folgen hätte, kann verzichtet werden. Stellen wir uns die zwei Einheiten, die neun…
Abstract
Auf eine detaillierte Beschreibung der Methoden der Fremdenverkehrsstatistik, die hier zu folgen hätte, kann verzichtet werden. Stellen wir uns die zwei Einheiten, die neun Merkmale, die Dutzende von Merkmalsmodalitäten, die Überfülle der Möglichkeiten zur Bildung von Gliederungszahlen, die ungefähr 20 Möglichkeiten der Bildung von Beziehungszahlen, die vielfältigen Möglichkeiten der Beschreibung von zeitlichen Entwicklungen allein in der Fremdenverkehrsstatistik im engeren Sinne, die Kapazitätsstatistik, die Grenzstatistiken, die Devisenstatistiken, die Bäderstatistik, die Erhebungen über Betriebsstruktur und Kostengestaltung gar nicht gerechnet, vor, so ersehen wir mit grosser Deutlichkeit, dass eine detaillierte Untersuchung der fremdenverkehrssoziologischen Tragweite der derzeitigen Statistik Bände füllen würde. Immerhin lässt sich emigermassen das wesentliche Resultat einer solchen Bemühung abschätzen. Bevor wir darauf eingehen, wollen wir jedoch exemplarisch an einer Möglichkeit die Prüfung im Detail vornehmen. Wir wählen die durchschnittliche Aufenthaltsdauer.