Francesco Della Torre, Sonia Leva and Adriano Paolo Morando
This paper aims to provide a complete three‐phase distributed constants model of cable‐induction machine systems useful for EMC and overvoltages propagation studies.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to provide a complete three‐phase distributed constants model of cable‐induction machine systems useful for EMC and overvoltages propagation studies.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper considers a three‐phase distributed constants model for the supply cable and a model of the same type for the induction machine. All the magneto‐electric links between phases are considered. The Clarke transform is applied in order to reduce the analytical complexity of the obtained model. A new numerical method is also proposed for the integration of the resulting whole three‐phase model, very similar, in terms of methodology, to the well‐known finite differences models.
Findings
The whole model for the three‐phase drives is used for EMC and overvoltages propagation studies. The proposed examples highlight how, thanks to the Clarke model, the dynamic analysis of the three‐phase drives in case of application of a standard fault source or an equivalent pulse width modulation (PWM) impulse, become easy to implement on a standard PC and with standard software (i.e. Matlab). The obtained results, compared with those that are presented in the literature, confirm the validity of the proposed model and numerical approach.
Originality/value
The developed model is of a three‐phase type because it is not possible to consider a single‐phase equivalent model in case of asymmetric voltage sources (i.e. asymmetric faults or PWM inverter voltage supply). The model also includes all the magneto‐electric couplings between phases that play a fundamental role in the considered applications.
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Francesco Della Torre, Sonia Leva and Adriano Paolo Morando
To provide a unified analytical tool for the theoretical and practical analysis of four‐phase systems under sinusoidal condition but also under dynamic condition and to understand…
Abstract
Purpose
To provide a unified analytical tool for the theoretical and practical analysis of four‐phase systems under sinusoidal condition but also under dynamic condition and to understand the contribution of each sequence components on the energy and air gap field points of view.
Design/methodology/approach
Starting from the general procedures of analysis for the n‐phase symmetric systems, the analysis of four‐phase system is first developed in the phasorial domain, then, with reference to the asymmetrical sinusoidal conditions in terms of symmetric components. As a complement to what is already present in the literature, finally a formalization of the four‐phase systems in an instantaneous form based on the Lyon and Clarke‐Park vectors is proposed. Furthermore, a particular emphasis will be given to the physical meaning of the involved quantities, to their link with the three‐phase quantities and to the instantaneous energetic interpretation.
Findings
Four phase system presents the existence of the pseudozero‐sequence component which is an additional descriptive variable of the four‐phase configuration, absent in the three‐phase system. Pseudozero‐sequence component results completely independent on the need for a neutral wire. Knowledge of the Park vector is as much as necessary to generate the field in the air gap.
Practical implications
The four‐phase systems methodological analysis presented in this paper is very helpful for the formalization of the theoretical and applicative methodologies necessary for the development of four‐phase systems in a systematic and unified way.
Originality/value
The four‐phase systems analysis is presented in this paper both for the sinusoidal and the variable conditions. Furthermore, the role of the pseudozero‐sequence component, not present in three‐phase case, and its implications in circuital terms have been investigated with attention. Finally, the energetic side and the definition of the correspondent instantaneous and average powers have been investigated as well.
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Francesco Gangi, Mario Mustilli and Nicola Varrone
Assuming that corporate social responsibility (CSR) is “a process of accumulating knowledge and experience” (Tang et al., 2012, p. 1298), this paper aims to investigate whether…
Abstract
Purpose
Assuming that corporate social responsibility (CSR) is “a process of accumulating knowledge and experience” (Tang et al., 2012, p. 1298), this paper aims to investigate whether and how CSR knowledge (Asif et al., 2013; Kim, 2017) affects financial performance in the European banking industry.
Design/methodology/approach
The empirical research analyses a panel of 72 banks from 20 European countries over seven years (2009-2015). The hypotheses were tested using fixed effects regression analysis and the two-stage Heckman model (1976) to address endogeneity bias.
Findings
The findings of this work are twofold. First, consistent with the concept of knowledge absorptive capacity (Cohen and Levinthal, 1990), the internal CSR of banks (Kim et al., 2010) positively affects citizenship performance (Peterson, 2004a). Second, in line with the reputational effect of CSR (Margolis et al., 2009; Bushman and Wittenberg-Moerman, 2012), citizenship performance is a positive predictor of a bank’s financial performance.
Practical implications
From a knowledge-based perspective, the analysis shows that accrued internal CSR knowledge plays a key role in implementing effective CSR programs for external stakeholders. Moreover, this study shows how CSR engagement in external initiatives can improve a bank’s competitiveness because of the relationship between citizenship performance and the positive reputation of a bank.
Social implications
The management of CSR initiatives may favor the sharing of knowledge and creation of trust relationships among banks and internal and external stakeholders. CSR knowledge contributes to expanded value creation for both society and banks.
Originality/value
The knowledge management perspective of CSR provides new insights into the sustainability of banks’ business models and contributes to advancing the debate on the governance modes and effects of CSR. Moreover, the CSR perspective offers additional opportunities for addressing the challenges associated with sharing tacit knowledge within and outside of organizations.
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Maria Rosaria Della Peruta, Francesco Campanella and Manlio Del Giudice
The purpose of this paper is to theoretically develop the idea that the intangible value of the collaboration between firms and the banking system can influence the probability of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to theoretically develop the idea that the intangible value of the collaboration between firms and the banking system can influence the probability of default (PD) on the part of firms and, therefore, their rating. The authors also propose that collaboration between banks and firms has a positive effect not only on the access to credit but also on the innovation activities and on the intervention of foreign capital in the ownership of Italian businesses.
Design/methodology/approach
As pointed out by the literature on smaller businesses finance, investments widely rely on credit availability. Tests using data on a sample investigation involving 5,587 firms, operating in 17 manufacturing sectors in Italy, support the majority of the proposed ideas.
Findings
The empirical investigation shows that only some aspects of the collaboration between enterprises and banks influence the PD, the investments in R&D and the internationalisation of ownership of the enterprises. In particular, the three stated variables are positively influenced both by the intensity of the credit relationship and by the level of information exchange with the credit system.
Research limitations/implications
Further development of this research, as more empirical data become available, should allow explaining why the level of information exchange with the credit system has the greatest influence on the dependent variables analyzed.
Originality/value
This paper aims to extend the current understanding on how the local banking system is developed and is able to increase access to credit after gathering all the information about firms asking for funds.
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Avant‐propos sous les auspices de l'Institut international de Coopération intellectuelle, paraissait en 1934 le t. I, consacré à l'Europe, du Guide international des Archives. Le…
Abstract
Avant‐propos sous les auspices de l'Institut international de Coopération intellectuelle, paraissait en 1934 le t. I, consacré à l'Europe, du Guide international des Archives. Le questionnaire envoyé à tous les États européens comportait sous les points 4 et 6 les questions suivantes: ‘Existe‐t‐il un guide général pour les diverses catégories d'Archives ou des guides particuliers pour l'une ou l'autre d'entre elles?’ et ‘Existe‐t‐il des catalogues imprimés, des publications tant officielles que privées, susceptibles de constituer un instrument complet de référence pour tout ou partie importante des fonds d'archives?’ Les réponses des divers pays à ces questions, malgré leur caractère très inégal, ont fait du Guide international un bon instrument d'information générale sur les Archives. Malheureusement les circonstances ont empêché la publication du volume consacré aux États non européens, tandis que le temps qui s'écoulait tendait à rendre périmés les renseignements fournis sur les Archives européennes.
Edoardo Amato, Daniela Bernaschi and Maria Camilla Fraudatario
The UN 2030 Agenda defines sustainable development (SD) in a multidimensional approach that encompasses economic, social, and environmental aspects. The Sustainable Development…
Abstract
The UN 2030 Agenda defines sustainable development (SD) in a multidimensional approach that encompasses economic, social, and environmental aspects. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) serve as conceptual ideals, specific targets, and standards that determine global and local priorities. SD falls into the realm of wicked problems due to its multilayered definitions, untamable nature, and possible solutions at an operational level. Addressing these complex problems and challenges requires the localization of the SDGs and the creation of a new governance model tailored to sustainability. These efforts aim to improve policy coherence for SD. This contribution focuses on the importance of localizing the SDGs, which aims to streamline the 2030 Agenda and tailor the SDGs to local needs. Therefore, the importance of multi-stakeholder participation in the formulation of local definitions of the SDGs, policymaking strategies, and consequently the measurement of the SDGs is emphasized. This chapter provides insights into the specific tools and strategies used by the Metropolitan Cities (MCs) in the implementation of coherent SDG policies, with Florence serving as a case study. Despite the challenges faced by MCs, including ambiguous leadership, conflicting objectives between municipalities, and challenges in coherent policy design, this institutional level shows interesting elements, such as functions of long-term planning and coordination, inclusive tools of participation, and the development of new capacities (political and administrative) that could be useful for strengthening governance for SD.
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Francesco Tajani, Pierluigi Morano, Francesca Salvo and Manuela De Ruggiero
The purpose of this paper is to develop an innovative model that can be included within the market approach methods for property valuations. The algorithm takes into account the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop an innovative model that can be included within the market approach methods for property valuations. The algorithm takes into account the frequent high level of dissimilarity of the comparables selected for the assessment, thus providing for the use of appropriate similarity and reliability coefficients capable of weighing the data of the comparison sample with respect to the different degrees of similarity and reliability.
Design/methodology/approach
The proposed model borrows the operative logics of the goal programming techniques, in order to identify the solution, the market value of the subject property and the implicit prices of the different influencing factors, since they are more reliable from the mathematical and empirical points of view.
Findings
The model has been applied to two case studies, relating to samples of residential properties located in the city of Naples (Southern Italy). The results obtained have outlined the high valuation performance of the developed appraisal model, capable of overcoming the applicability limits of classical market approach methods as well as providing solutions that are highly consistent with the expected empirical phenomena.
Practical implications
The research takes into account the growing need of both professionals and end users (banks, courts, public and private Entities, etc.) for valuation models that are easily repeatable and sufficiently objective. They are required in order to allow for the rapid verification of the elaborations carried out as well as to check the valuer’s appreciation of the contribution of the influencing factors in the market price formation. The outputs of the two applications developed have highlighted the ability of the proposed model to satisfy these market requests.
Originality/value
The proposed model can be easily implemented through a simple calculation program, with the mathematical structure elaborated allowing to overcome some application limits of the classical market approach methods. Furthermore, the introduction in the algorithm of appropriate similarity and reliability coefficients, capable of suitably weighting the data of the comparison sample, allows to widen the spatial horizon for the identification of the comparables as well as select properties characterized by a high level of dissimilarity. This makes it possible to apply the model in territorial contexts characterized by markets that are not excessively dynamic.
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Stefano Poponi, Alessandro Ruggieri, Francesco Pacchera and Gabriella Arcese
This work aims to assess the potential of a Bio-District as a model for applying the circular economy concerning the waste scope. It aims to understand the capability of organic…
Abstract
Purpose
This work aims to assess the potential of a Bio-District as a model for applying the circular economy concerning the waste scope. It aims to understand the capability of organic farms to manage waste with a circular perspective, starting with the use of indicators that directly or indirectly impact the waste scope.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on previous work that identified and systematised the circular indicators of the agri-food sector within a dashboard. With this research as a basis, the indicators within the waste scope in the dashboard were extracted. Cross-linked indicators with an indirect connection to the waste scope were also systematised and tested in a case study. Primary and secondary data were used for the study. The primary data came from a semi-structured interview, and the secondary data were from official databases.
Findings
The work highlights two important results. The first allows the definition of a subclassification of indicators by product and organisation, extracting those with a cross-linked characteristic concerning the waste scope. Secondly, the indicators' application shows the farm's circular and waste valorisation potential within the Bio-District. The study also made it possible to test a new indicator, the “Potential Energy Biomass Recovery”, to measure the farm's potential to produce energy from waste.
Originality/value
This research proposes a new circular economy approach to evaluate waste management in the agri-food sector.