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Article
Publication date: 1 May 1988

François Schächter

The association of the principle of Jaynes, with a new probabilistic‐informational concept — the opacity functional — conceived by Magur‐Schächter, is said to lead to an abstract…

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Abstract

The association of the principle of Jaynes, with a new probabilistic‐informational concept — the opacity functional — conceived by Magur‐Schächter, is said to lead to an abstract framework where it is possible to put a measure on the distance between an instantaneous evolving state and the corresponding equilibrium state. An illustration is given for the Helmholtz thermodynamic potential of a perfect gas, which reveals the significance of such a distance. The treatment of this particular case suggests the possibility of a new and general method for a probabilistic‐informational approach developed by the ideas of Onsager, Prigogine, Jaynes, Truesdell and Tykodi.

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Kybernetes, vol. 17 no. 5
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1988

François Schächter

An abstract Markov‐Informational representation of evolving systems is proposed. This representation is able to filter out purely cognitive aspects of the description…

46

Abstract

An abstract Markov‐Informational representation of evolving systems is proposed. This representation is able to filter out purely cognitive aspects of the description. Furthermore, an abstract, informational extension of the second principle of physics is produced. The domain of applicability of the extension of the second principle is very large.

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Kybernetes, vol. 17 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0368-492X

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Book part
Publication date: 30 November 2022

Annalisa Caloffi and Mauricio Serra

François Perroux was an economist of strong convictions and fruitful ideas. His belief, which was also shared by other eminent development economists of his time, that…

Abstract

François Perroux was an economist of strong convictions and fruitful ideas. His belief, which was also shared by other eminent development economists of his time, that backwardness was not a fate is entirely reflected in his development pole theory, which has a prominent place within the regional development theory. This implies that his theory was highly influential, as evidenced by the fact that strategies based on development poles were implemented around the world, in both developed and developing countries. Although these strategies took different forms, largely depending on the specific contexts in which they were applied, there was a common factor in all of them, which was the importance of the direct use of large-scale investment resources to generate the hoped-for structural changes through accelerated economic growth. Looking carefully at the Italian and Brazilian cases, it should be noted that the development pole strategies had, in addition to the use of heavy investment resources already mentioned, some common characteristics, such as: the focus of attention directed toward the backward regions, specifically the Mezzogiorno region in Italy and the Amazon region in Brazil; the fight against regional disparities within both countries through structural change and the strengthening of backward regional economies as an underlying reason; and the active participation of the State in the drawing up and implementation processes of development poles. This chapter aims at comparing the development pole strategies in Italy and Brazil, highlighting similarities and differences of these experiences in triggering the long-awaited regional development.

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Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology: Including a Symposium on the Work of François Perroux
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-80382-715-5

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Book part
Publication date: 19 June 2012

Thierry Hirtz and Pierre Guernaccini

Purpose – The notion of output (Bouckaert, 2005; OECD, 2007) is more and more widespread in the performance measurement systems in the public sector. More generally, several…

Abstract

Purpose – The notion of output (Bouckaert, 2005; OECD, 2007) is more and more widespread in the performance measurement systems in the public sector. More generally, several reforms are promoting the implementation of key indicators such as management by objectives and quality management.

Our study introduces a first reflection about a performance measurement model of output based on the Theory of Constraints (TOC) in one public administration. The particularity of our model is the combination of theoretical design and practical implementation. Thus, an adjustment stage has been achieved in order to reach a realistic and sturdy model. It is also an opportunity to test the TOC indicators system, which is becoming prevalent in research activities (Davies & Mabin, 2009).

Methodology/approach – First of all, we present a literature review, which associates the concept of output, the TOC, and the notion of performance in a public administration. After that, we explain the design stage to define the key performance indicators.

During a two-month test phase, this measurement system was implemented in one public administration in Luxembourg; data were collected to draw up a dashboard. Subsequently, the model was adjusted in order to fit with the practice and observed cases.

Findings – We consider the limits of this measurement system, especially on certain aspects like the compliance with law. Furthermore, we show the major contribution of our model based on the TOC, which is to move from one local optimum to a global optimum.

Originality/value of paper – Thus, this publication highlights a model of performance measurement in a public administration, and the results of its implementation. It emphasizes the practical value of these indicators, the decision-making efficiency, and the appropriate level of use. The measurement model based on the TOC had a high interest for operational as well as for the managerial staff.

Details

Performance Measurement and Management Control: Global Issues
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78052-910-3

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Article
Publication date: 29 October 2024

Raúl Trujillo-Cabezas

The study explores the connection between foresight and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods in a community within an environment of social instability in Colombia. It aims to…

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Abstract

Purpose

The study explores the connection between foresight and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods in a community within an environment of social instability in Colombia. It aims to contribute to research on aligning these methods for future-shaping, with the goal of enhancing shared governance, peer learning and collective learning among traditional decision-makers and local communities in emerging countries. The study seeks to foster a community of social actors who are likely to engage constructively in strategic dialogues. To enhancing shared governance and learning a hybrid model is synthesized, combining foresight and computational intelligence.

Design/methodology/approach

The case study explores the integration of computational intelligence and foresight through Gaston Bachelard's (Bachelard, 1936) phenomenology concept of ante-perception. The mathematical representation of the cone of scenarios provides a structured way to explore multiple future pathways, allowing communities to visualize and compare different trajectories and make informed decisions amid uncertainty. The model facilitates critical reflections on present assumptions, deepening insights into future scenarios. Ante-perception challenges traditional approaches to foresight by encouraging a break from established experiences, allowing for novel insights into possible futures. When enriched by computational intelligence, this reflective process is further strengthened by quantitative approach scenario modeling.

Findings

This research develops and tests a proposal that includes the logic and methods for constructing a mathematical representation of the cone of scenarios. This process, which is interactive and deliberative, is driven by anticipation and combines qualitative and quantitative approaches within a context of high uncertainty. By combining the critical reflection facilitated by ante-perception with the predictive power of computational intelligence, the model allows communities to transcend established thought patterns and explore innovative future possibilities. This integrative approach helps them envision and work toward social self-transformation.

Research limitations/implications

The article aims to identify the creation of scenarios in contexts of high uncertainty, to respond to the needs of communities in emerging countries to manage change.

Practical implications

This article explores a novel approach to using foresight for address collective intelligence by developing a shared future vision in high-uncertainty contexts within local communities in emerging countries. The application of the hybrid model demonstrates that foresight is a key innovative social tool for developing long-term strategic reflection and planning for territories.

Social implications

In developing long-term reflective processes, explaining phenomena, mechanisms and correlations requires the use of value judgments. This set of value judgments requires a representation that facilitates their treatment, helps to account for their behavior during the inference process to form a shared future vision. Consequently, ensuring the recognition of the opinions of local communities through participatory discussion spaces and their subsequent refinement, from a technical perspective, aims to illustrate the development of this social construction process. While similarities exist, differences add value through a transfer process, often subconscious. This process stimulates collective learning and builds capacities as knowledge is developed through inquiry, evaluation, interpretation and generalization.

Originality/value

This research provides a unique hybrid model that fosters collective learning and engagement by integrating local community perspectives with advanced computational intelligence methods. By facilitating both reflective and quantitative approach future-shaping, it offers a practical framework for addressing uncertainty while empowering communities to shape their own futures. It underscores the importance of recognizing local community views through bottom-up participatory discussions, thereby widening the stakeholder community to active engagement in addressing broader societal issues. The case study focuses on community collaboration in Puerto Gaitán, a Colombian municipality.

Details

foresight, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1463-6689

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Article
Publication date: 29 December 2023

Foster B. Roberts, Milorad M. Novicevic and John H. Humphreys

The purpose of this study is to present ANTi-microhistory of social innovation in education within Robert Owen’s communal experiment at New Harmony, Indiana. The authors zoom out…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to present ANTi-microhistory of social innovation in education within Robert Owen’s communal experiment at New Harmony, Indiana. The authors zoom out in the historical context of social innovation before zooming into the New Harmony case.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used ANTi-microhistory approach to unpack the controversy around social innovation using the five-step procedure recently proposed by Mills et al. (2022), a version of the five-step procedure originally proposed by Tureta et al. (2021).

Findings

The authors found that the educational leaders of the New Harmony community preceded proponents of innovation, such as Drucker (1957) and Fairweather (1967), who viewed education as a form of social innovation.

Originality/value

The authors contribute to the history of social innovation in education by exploring the New Harmony community’s education society to uncover the enactment of sustainable social innovation and the origin story of humanistic management education.

Details

Journal of Management History, vol. ahead-of-print no. ahead-of-print
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1751-1348

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Article
Publication date: 14 September 2020

Michael Spanu, Nicolas Sommet and Jean-Marie Seca

The consumption of music performed in different languages represents a significant aspect of the contemporary cultural experience. This phenomenon questions how different…

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Abstract

Purpose

The consumption of music performed in different languages represents a significant aspect of the contemporary cultural experience. This phenomenon questions how different languages mediate music consumption in specific national contexts. In this paper, the authors investigate the case of live music consumption in France.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors surveyed 428 persons who saw 159 artists either performing in French or in English in 46 locations around Paris, France. The authors tested the effect of the language of the concert on three dimensions of music consumption: singing in unison, appraisal of the lyrics and dancing.

Findings

Multilevel analysis revealed that English was positively associated with dancing, whereas French was positively associated with the appraisal of the lyrics. The authors found no evidence that the language of the concert was associated with differences in singing in unison.

Originality/value

Results are discussed with respect to language diversity in the context of globalised popular music consumption.

Details

Arts and the Market, vol. 10 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2056-4945

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Available. Open Access. Open Access
Article
Publication date: 12 September 2016

Angela Sweeney, Sarah Clement, Beth Filson and Angela Kennedy

The purpose of this paper is to describe and explain trauma-informed approaches (TIAs) to mental health. It outlines evidence on the link between trauma and mental health…

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Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe and explain trauma-informed approaches (TIAs) to mental health. It outlines evidence on the link between trauma and mental health, explains the principles of TIAs and their application in mental health and explores the extent to which TIAs are impacting in the UK.

Design/methodology/approach

The approach is a conceptual account of TIAs including a consideration of why they are important, what they are and how they can become more prevalent in the UK. This is supported by a narrative overview of literature on effectiveness and a scoping of the spread of TIAs in the UK.

Findings

There is strong and growing evidence of a link between trauma and mental health, as well as evidence that the current mental health system can retraumatise trauma survivors. There is also emerging evidence that trauma-informed systems are effective and can benefit staff and trauma survivors. Whilst TIAs are spreading beyond the USA where they developed, they have made little impact in the UK. The reasons for this are explored and ways of overcoming barriers to implementation discussed.

Originality/value

This paper – authored by trauma survivors and staff – describes an innovative approach to mental health service provision that, it is argued, could have immense benefits for staff and service users alike.

Details

Mental Health Review Journal, vol. 21 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1361-9322

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Article
Publication date: 17 December 2024

Karam Zaki and Ahmed K. Elnagar

This article seeks to examine how structural alignment (SA) and guided governance (GG), key components of team management (TT), mediate the connection between talent management…

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Abstract

Purpose

This article seeks to examine how structural alignment (SA) and guided governance (GG), key components of team management (TT), mediate the connection between talent management (TM) and the competitive performance (CP) of hotels.

Design/methodology/approach

The study employed a quantitative methodology by administering surveys to 330 hotel executives in Egypt to gather the necessary data. To examine the research hypotheses, partial least squares-structural equation modeling was utilized.

Findings

Talent management mindset (TMM) and talent management strategy (TMS) are closely connected to team management (TT) and CP. Both SA and GG play a considerable role in mediating the relationship between TM and CP. Additionally, the impact of strategic incentives (SI) moderator in shaping the connection between TM and CP has been validated.

Research limitations/implications

This research is part of a small collection of studies that examines TM, TT and CP in a practical manner. The scope of this study is focused on luxury hotels located in Egypt. It contributes to the field by expanding our understanding of TM, TT and the multifaceted nature of a hotel’s CP, an important but often overlooked concern, particularly within the Egyptian context. Additionally, it suggests numerous possibilities for further investigation in the future.

Originality/value

This study is among the initial research works that emphasize a moderated mediated model of TM, TT, SI and hotels’ competitive performance in Egypt.

Details

Employee Relations: The International Journal, vol. 47 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0142-5455

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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1997

Laurent Dobuzinskis

Begins with a brief overview of how public administration emerged as the positivist theory and technocratic practice of the modern administrative state. The question then becomes…

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Abstract

Begins with a brief overview of how public administration emerged as the positivist theory and technocratic practice of the modern administrative state. The question then becomes: To what extent has public administration been affected by the societal shift toward postmodernism? The author argues that public administration has moved some distance away from its positivist origins; however, the transformation of public administration is still incomplete. The author concludes that public administration should pay more attention to the recent developments of post‐positivist methods of analysis rather than attempting to adopt all the tenets of postmodernism. Large bureaucratic organizations remain typically modern, but they should not be either conceptualized or managed as small machines.

Details

Journal of Management History, vol. 3 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-252X

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