Floor H. W. Ambrosius, Gert Jan Hofstede, Bettina B. Bock, Eddie A.M. Bokkers and Adrie J.M. Beulens
The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework that models farmers’ strategic decision making, taking into account that farmers adapt to institutional changes, given the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework that models farmers’ strategic decision making, taking into account that farmers adapt to institutional changes, given the social structure in which they are embedded.
Design/methodology/approach
First, a theoretical framework was developed using the reasoned action approach, innovation diffusion research, identity research, and the theory of structuration. Second, the framework was refined based on insights gained through semi-structured interviews with seven pork farmers and six pork farming experts on innovation decisions in general and added-value market adoption in particular.
Findings
The farmer decision-making framework distinguishes personal characteristics, social influence related to reference groups, and the institutional context that determines the space for manoeuvre. The interviews reveal the importance of context specific factors, such as trust in policy and market requirements, and point at general mechanisms of path dependency as a result of previous decision making and social influence related to identity reference groups.
Originality/value
The authors include feedback mechanisms between on the one hand social structure and institutional context, and on the other, farmer decision making. The framework is designed to explore the combined influence of factors of decision making on sector behaviour and study the relation between individual and collective behaviour.
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Yang Li and Kangrui Guo
The aim of the paper is to propose a simple and effective calculation method for a three-side protected steel beam temperature field.
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of the paper is to propose a simple and effective calculation method for a three-side protected steel beam temperature field.
Design/methodology/approach
The calculation model is based on temperature increment equation of EN1993-1-2 and the Fourier's law to calculate the conductive heat flux. The ABAQUS heat transfer simulation is used to establish temperatures and heat flux database at the joints. The ratio of simulation and calculated heat flux is predicted by evolutionary regression and gradient boosting method.
Findings
Combined evolutionary regression analysis (CERA) including both linear and polynomial regression reduce the residual of mean square error (MSE) by 7.1% compared to linear regression analysis (linear evolutionary regression analysis (LERA)). The evolutionary regression analysis (ERA) effectively reduces the temperature discrepancy with increase of evolution numbers. Gradient boosting predicts the k value and temperatures with the least residual of MSE. The average residual of MSE is 53.23 °C for the upper flange, 16.18 °C for the web and 19.44 °C for the lower flange.
Originality/value
This paper proposed an effective and fast temperature distribution model for the three-side protected steel beam combining machine learning methods to converge the conductive heat flux between specimens. A novel ERA able to fit output data with multiple inputs with explainable equations is proposed and validated by effectively converging the conductive heat flux to simulation results.
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Doan Nguyen and Thu Hong Thi Nguyen
This paper aims to explore the external spillover effects of landmarks and buildings with historic preservation designation in Vietnam, a country marked with a unique property…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to explore the external spillover effects of landmarks and buildings with historic preservation designation in Vietnam, a country marked with a unique property right regime and market transparency. The study contributes to the existing debate over the impact of distance to historic preservation sites and landmarks and property prices.
Design/methodology/approach
The study examines property data of 274 attached townhouses in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and estimates the spillover effects of historic preservation on property prices collected during 2018–2019. The authors test for spatial autocorrelation by using the Global Moran’s I and Lagrange Multiplier diagnostics and deploy different spatial regression models including SAR, SEM and SDM.
Findings
The authors find that there is a premium on the prices of townhouses near formally designated landmarks and buildings. This premium decreases monotonically away from the historic sites. However, this paper also demonstrates that there is a non-linear (U-shape) relationship between housing premium and the distance to the nearest historic building.
Originality/value
This study is the first to take advantage of the surveyed property data to study the external impacts of historic preservation designation on housing prices in Vietnam. The study also contributes to the ongoing scholarly debate over the direction of the impacts. The study suggests that similar to other amenities, the price effect of designation tends to fade away after a certain distance.
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Elif Alkay and Hasan Serdar Kaya
This study aims to explore the pattern of urban residents’ socio-spatial distribution in a small-sized city where the local housing market capacity and variety is limited.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to explore the pattern of urban residents’ socio-spatial distribution in a small-sized city where the local housing market capacity and variety is limited.
Design/methodology/approach
Spatial variation was reflected by two different analysis. First, factor analysis was applied to determine the major dimensions of the social, economic and housing environment in the investigation area. Second, Kriging maps, which depict the socio-spatial distribution pattern of the households according to major dimensions, were produced by interpolating factor scores on a continuous surface. Those were supported by complementary exploratory analysis to deepen the discussion.
Findings
Homogenous distribution of similar groups to housing areas and low inner differentiation particularly within lower income neighborhoods are the noticeable results of the analysis set. Ethnicity and income differentiation are the principal determinants of socio-spatial distribution pattern in our case. The constraints of the local housing market are seemed to facilitate spatial separation. Disadvantaged population groups are limited to small niches within the urban fabric; they are relegated to poor quality neighborhoods or to unpopular inner-city housing estates.
Research limitations/implications
This research has been performed for the small size city in Turkey and may not hold for other areas, even though the methodology can be replicated and the mechanisms at play are quite similar elsewhere.
Practical implications
The internal differentiation of urban residents’ is worth investigation to develop consistent housing and planning policies to overcome prospective social exclusion problems. This study has a potential of remarking the importance of policy-based economic and housing development in smaller cities in Turkey.
Social implications
Analyses displayed a sectoral structure of the distribution of urban residents but lower inner differentiation within neighborhoods. Limitations of the housing stock facilitate substantial level of isolation to the extent of ethnicity. Two different ethnic groups are confined to small niches, and they are ethnically and economically tied down to their neighborhoods. The physical properties and the quality of both dwellings and the housing environment are the poorest in these areas, and these are unpopular housing areas by the majority of the population. These findings are supposed to give direction of setting consistent housing policies in the case area.
Originality/value
This research is one of the initial research on socio-spatial distribution of urban residents to housing areas in Turkey. It is also one of the rare examples of socio-spatial differentiation study in small-sized city in the literature. The authors have shown that socio-spatial differentiation would be severe even in small size housing markets as opposed to expectation.
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Falilat Yetunde Olowu, Emmanuel Babatunde Jaiyeoba, Hafeez Idowu Agbabiaka and Olawunmi Johnson Daramola
Rental housing is an important form of accommodation; evaluating its quality will improve the quality of designs, standard living of renters, new dimension to policy guiding…
Abstract
Purpose
Rental housing is an important form of accommodation; evaluating its quality will improve the quality of designs, standard living of renters, new dimension to policy guiding rental housing and enhance the values of rental houses. This study aims to examine the factors influencing rental housing quality in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Design/methodology/approach
Multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select tenants for the study. Residential areas were stratified into three densities: high, medium and low. Out of the 18 residential areas identified, six, eight and four were in the high, medium and low densities, respectively. Five residential areas were selected based on high concentrations of rental housing. The selected areas are Mokuro and Iloro (high density), Ife City and Eleyele (medium density) and Aladanla (low density). Systematic sampling technique was used to select 550 buildings where an adult tenant was selected per building for questionnaire administration.
Findings
The results of the principal component analysis established that four factors were generated for the high-density, nine factors for the medium-density and five factors for low-density areas as the major factors influencing rental housing quality. The variation in the number of factors generated and the percentage variance explained by the factors could be associated to the peculiarities across the densities in terms of the socioeconomic characteristics and housing characteristics of the renters.
Originality/value
This study examined the factors influencing housing quality for renters in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. It provides information on the three residential densities in terms of the variation in their housing morphology. The study went further to establish the relationship among the three musketeers such as socioeconomic characteristic of renters, housing characteristics and housing quality, under three dimensions environmental, internal building and external Building. Therefore, the contribution of this study strengthens the position that a minimum standard and schedule of upgrade and maintenance should be meted out for landlords to carry out repairs at interval, so as to make the housing unit and environment habitable for tenants.
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Brenda Phillips, Dave Neal, Thomas Wikle, Aswin Subanthore and Shireen Hyrapiet
This study aims to conduct the first original research on mass fatality management in nearly 30 years.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to conduct the first original research on mass fatality management in nearly 30 years.
Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research design captured local perspectives within a culturally‐appropriate context to examine roles and responsibilities of government officials within the State of Tamil Nadu and District of Naggapattinam (spellings reflect the most commonly‐used local choice), India. Research data were gathered in the context of the Indian Ocean Tsunami that claimed nearly 300,000 lives across approximately 13 nations.
Findings
Local officials and residents faced unprecedented challenges during the hours immediately following the tsunami. These included removing debris that covered bodies, body identification, health and sanitation issues, and the necessity of creating mass graves. The findings identify prior experience with disasters, familiarity with the local area, the quality of pre‐existing networks among officials, a strong desire to rescue those yet living and the presence of linkages between government and non‐governmental organizations as critical factors affecting an expedited management process.
Practical implications
Practical implications include the value of general disaster training that can transcend specific circumstances, the pre‐establishment of mutual aid agreements, strong lines of horizontal and vertical cooperation and inter‐organizational coordination and an understanding of local culture and customs.
Originality/value
The paper contributes to scant social science understanding of mass fatality management processes and furthers a line of inquiry applicable to a wide variety of hazards such as pandemics, terrorism and natural events.