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Article
Publication date: 1 December 1988

Feng‐I Wei

During hot rolling and subsequent cooling, scaling always occurs on the steel strip. It is necessary to be completely removed before further processing (such as cold rolling)…

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Abstract

During hot rolling and subsequent cooling, scaling always occurs on the steel strip. It is necessary to be completely removed before further processing (such as cold rolling). Usually continuous pickling is a more economic and convenient process to be used to remove the scale. However, the pickling rate is affected by many variables such as the type of acid, acid solution condition, steel composition, scale structure and different inhibitors at various concentrations as reported in the literature. In the mill, except machine breakdown, the troubles in the pickling line are often caused by the presence of acid‐resisted scale of nonuniform scale structure. Although a lot of information has been accumulated on the relationship between the microstructure of scales on steel strip and their response to pickling, most of them concerned the pickling in sulphuric acid. In the present work, the scale composition and thickness are examined after isothermal oxidation and simulated different mill cooling processes. Furthermore, their effects on pickling rate in hydrochloric acid solution is also studied and discussed.

Details

Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, vol. 35 no. 12
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0003-5599

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Book part
Publication date: 2 March 2011

Xiaobing Feng and Ilan Alon

Although China has claimed since 2005 that it will move towards a more market-oriented system of managing its foreign exchange, it has remained, in part, a managed economic…

Abstract

Although China has claimed since 2005 that it will move towards a more market-oriented system of managing its foreign exchange, it has remained, in part, a managed economic system. This chapter examines the relative importance of fundamentalist, chartist and currency arrangements in determining the RMB exchange regime using both traditional linear and non-linear artificial intelligence models. We find that the emphasis on the US dollar as a reference currency has declined. Fundamentalist forces are becoming strong determinants of the currency exchange. The genetic programming approach is among the best performing in minimizing forecasting error.

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The Impact of the Global Financial Crisis on Emerging Financial Markets
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-0-85724-754-4

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Article
Publication date: 7 January 2022

Yafei Zu and Ruonan Zhang

The purpose of this paper is to study enterprise innovation in the perspective of external supplier relationship. On this purpose, this paper examines the impact of supplier…

779

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to study enterprise innovation in the perspective of external supplier relationship. On this purpose, this paper examines the impact of supplier change on enterprise innovation with the moderating role of market competition.

Design/methodology/approach

Using 2012–2020 empirical data of Chinese listed manufacturing enterprises, this paper investigates the relationship among supplier change, market competition and enterprise innovation through a two-way interaction model.

Findings

The results show that supplier change has a negative impact on enterprise innovation. And market competition intensifies the negative relationship between supplier change and enterprise innovation. Additional analyses indicate that the main effect and the moderating effect are more significant when the enterprise is non-state-owned or has lower ownership concentration.

Originality/value

This paper studies enterprise innovation from the perspective of external stakeholders. It focuses on supplier relationship in a dynamic variation view, instead of the traditional static ones. Moreover, this paper explores the contingency effect of market competition and gives practical implications for managers to adjust innovation strategy flexibly.

Details

European Journal of Innovation Management, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1460-1060

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