Rapid progress of science and technology and its growing influence on all aspects of life of the modern society are characteristic features of our time. Well‐functioning and…
Abstract
Rapid progress of science and technology and its growing influence on all aspects of life of the modern society are characteristic features of our time. Well‐functioning and effective information services are a pre‐requisite for any further development (from preparing a small experiment in a research laboratory to decision‐making by a governmental agency).
Tremendous scientific and technological progress is one of the major factors in the development of modern society. The increasing number of specialists engaged in research and…
Abstract
Tremendous scientific and technological progress is one of the major factors in the development of modern society. The increasing number of specialists engaged in research and development and constantly growing appropriations for this field of activity have resulted, among other things, in a vast volume of information produced. Both this and also the ever‐increasing demands of the scientific and technical community for quick access to relevant information make international co‐operation in scientific and technical information and documentation vitally important.
May THU.7. Aslib Northern Branch Annual General Meeting. Bisra, Sheffield. 2 p.m.
All items listed may be borrowed from the Aslib Library, except those marked, which may be consulted in the Library.
All items listed may be borrowed from the Aslib Library, except those marked, which may be consulted in the Library.
Egor D. Nikulin, Marat V. Smirnov, Andrei A. Sviridov and Olesya V. Bandalyuk
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the specifics of the relationship between audit committee characteristics and earnings management in Russian listed companies. This…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the specifics of the relationship between audit committee characteristics and earnings management in Russian listed companies. This research is driven by the possibility of placing this relationship within the context of a specific institutional environment for company performance.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors apply a panel study of 184 Russian listed companies for the period 2014–2018. In addition to the standard fixed effects model, the authors test the results for potential endogeneity with two-stage least squares (2SLS) analysis.
Findings
The results show that audit committee representation on the board of directors results in some mitigation of earnings management. Results reveal that a higher level of audit committee independence and the presence of financial expertise on the committee are associated with lower earnings management. However, companies with relatively busy directors on audit committees are more inclined to practice earnings management. The study’s findings hold after testing for endogeneity of audit committee independence. The authors also reveal that some audit committee characteristics (for example, audit committee independence; its level of expertise) alleviate earnings management in listed state-owned companies (SOEs) more strongly than in listed non-SOEs.
Originality/value
The results add to the ongoing debate on the role of corporate governance mechanisms in mitigating earnings management in emerging markets by taking into account the type of ownership (state-owned vs private) as a moderating variable. This study reveals, in particular, that the effect of certain audit committee characteristics on earnings management is more prominent in listed SOEs than in listed non-SOEs.
Details
Keywords
CHAIRMAN:, HAROLD CBE THOMPSON and FRS
Mr J.M. Craddock (Meteorological Office, Bracknell) said that the 130 or so members of the World Meteorological Organization were presently planning improved systems for the…
Abstract
Mr J.M. Craddock (Meteorological Office, Bracknell) said that the 130 or so members of the World Meteorological Organization were presently planning improved systems for the collection and transmission of meteorological data, under the general title of the Western Weather Watch, and for the storage and retrieval of this data for research, exchange and other purposes. The current world stock of data digitized for computer use exceeded 1012 decimal digits, divided among many centres, with a large annual increment. The problems of exchanging and manipulating these data were to be reduced by the adoption by WMO of the recommended standard type of magnetic tape and recommended formats for the exchange, etc., of nearly all types of data. The problem of a system of cataloguing and classification suitable for world use was becoming urgent, both for data and, to a lesser extent, for the increasing stream of meteorological literature. The three speakers had given excellent and lucid accounts of the work which was being done to set up international standards for the classification and exchange of information, but the question arose of whether the mechanisms of discussion and decision could work quickly enough to keep ahead of the requirements of the computer age. As an example of the time scale on which firm guidance would be desirable, the British Meteorological Office was to acquire an IBM 195 computer which was about one hundred times more powerful than the one at present in use, and would be one of the most powerful in Europe. This was due to become operational by October 1971 and by that time decisions had to be taken on the cataloguing of data, which, if possible, would have to be in line with thinking elsewhere. However, decisions had to be reached even if intentions elsewhere were unknown, and once these decisions were embodied in computer programs they may be hard to modify or reverse.
All items listed may be borrowed from the Aslib Library, except those marked, which may be consulted in the Library.
The development of a method of human memory quantitative modelling is described. This consists of a “factor list” or verbal expert answers, which is realised by a Decision‐Making…
Abstract
The development of a method of human memory quantitative modelling is described. This consists of a “factor list” or verbal expert answers, which is realised by a Decision‐Making System in Human Memory Modelling (DMSHMM). This comprises three subsystems: Information Securing (IS), Planning of Scientific Investigations (PSI) and Expert Estimation (EE). The way in which the different functions of the human memory work and interact are mathematically transcribed.
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With the process of continuous specialisation within economics andwith its incessant subdivision into different schools, the practitionersof the discipline are becoming more and…
Abstract
With the process of continuous specialisation within economics and with its incessant subdivision into different schools, the practitioners of the discipline are becoming more and more alienated from each other. The need and opportunity to communicate are disappearing. When a dialogue takes place, one side is often unable to hear the other. And even when the other side is heard, it is simply not understood. No attempt is made to explain the causes of such compartmentalisation among economists. Rather, the aim is to underline the three non‐ideological consequences of specialisation within the economics profession. The effects of a mutual misunderstanding are: (1) various names are used to define the same concept; (2) the same name is employed to describe different notions; and (3) the relative character of a given approach is not recognised. Several examples are utilised to underscore the major points. It is concluded that, unless generalisation supersedes fragmentation, no coherent picture of the economic world is possible.