F. Rahali, S. Ansermet, J. Ardalan and D. Otter
Silicon sensors are semiconductor devices which transform a physical effect (such as pressure, acceleration, flux) into electrical effects (resistance, capacitance variation)…
Abstract
Silicon sensors are semiconductor devices which transform a physical effect (such as pressure, acceleration, flux) into electrical effects (resistance, capacitance variation). Fabrication of these silicon sensors requires very precise control of the silicon micromachining. Some silicon foundries have adapted their experience in integrated circuit manufacturing to silicon sensor production and thus have reduced the costs and dimensions of the silicon sensors. Standard thick film technology has brought versatility to silicon sensor technology. Silicon sensors mounted on a ceramic substrate give fast development, high performance and low cost to OEMs. An alternative solution is the integrated silicon sensor including sensor and circuitry on the same silicon chip. This has been developed for specific applications.
Maryam Sardarodiyan and Ali Mohamadi Sani
The study aims to describe the main classes of antioxidants existing in fruit, beverages, vegetables and herbs and the different extraction and application of antioxidants in…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to describe the main classes of antioxidants existing in fruit, beverages, vegetables and herbs and the different extraction and application of antioxidants in food. Oxidative degradation of lipids, especially induced by reactive oxygen species, leads to quality deterioration of foods and cosmetics and could have harmful effects on health. A major challenge is to develop tools to assess the antioxidant capacity and real efficacy of these molecules. Recently, many review papers regarding antioxidants from different sources and different extraction and quantification procedures have been published. However, none of them has all the information regarding antioxidants (sources, extraction and application in food).
Design/methodology/approach
This paper tries to take a different perspective on antioxidants for the new researcher involved in this field.
Findings
Antioxidants from fruit, vegetables and beverages play an important role in human health, for example, preventing cancer and cardiovascular diseases and lowering the incidence of different diseases. A number of plant products act as scavengers of free radical species and so have been classified as antioxidants. Antioxidants are an important group of food additives that have the ability to protect against detrimental change of oxidizable nutrients and consequently they extend shelf-life of foods.
Research limitations/implications
Most of the antioxidants present in foods are phenolic and polyphenolic compounds, but their efficacy in food for the prevention of oxidation or in the body for dealing with oxidative stress and its consequences depends on different factors.
Originality/value
This study collected the last finding in the field of sources and applications of natural antioxidants.
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Hamza Bentrah, Abdelouahad Chala, Mounir Djellab, Youssouf Rahali and Hicham Taoui
This paper aims to investigate the influence of temperature (25-65°C) on the adsorption and the inhibition efficiency of gum arabic (GA) for the corrosion of API 5L X42 pipeline…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the influence of temperature (25-65°C) on the adsorption and the inhibition efficiency of gum arabic (GA) for the corrosion of API 5L X42 pipeline steel in 1M HCl.
Design/methodology/approach
Inhibition behaviour on steel in HCl has been studied in relation to the concentration of the inhibitor and the temperature using potentiodynamic polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Thermodynamic parameters of adsorption were calculated from the viewpoint of adsorption theory.
Findings
The results show that at a temperature range from 25 to 65°C, GA was a good inhibitor for API 5L X42 pipeline steel, and its inhibition efficiency was significantly stable. The maximum inhibition efficiency (93 per cent) is obtained at 4 g L−1. In absence and presence of GA, there is almost no change in the corrosion mechanism regardless of the temperature. The adsorption of GA on steel surface is an exothermic process. The adsorption of GA involves physical adsorption.
Practical implications
The use of GA as an eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor is practical for carbon steel in HCl.
Originality/value
The stability of inhibition efficiency of GA at a temperature range from 25 to 65°C could find possible applications in acid pickling, industrial acid cleaning and acid descaling.
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Sakshi Aggarwal and Stavros Sindakis
Purpose: Economic development agendas usually drive innovation, and it is an essential tool for government institutions to promote economic growth. The Quadruple Helix Model of…
Abstract
Purpose: Economic development agendas usually drive innovation, and it is an essential tool for government institutions to promote economic growth. The Quadruple Helix Model of Innovation captures the process by integrating and overlapping knowledge and technology, forming an aggregate output invested in producing more products and services, innovation, and technology. This chapter focuses on how the quadruple helix supports the linkage between knowledge creation, innovation output, and enhancing regional and national competitiveness.
Design/methodology/approach: The chapter also illustrates the triple helix concept and then the quadruple helix model of innovation, focusing on the four main aspects, i.e., Government, Universities, Industry, and Civil society. The authors aim to simulate the economic significance of evolving, rapidly adaptive, and interdisciplinary knowledge and innovation ecosystems.
Findings: The findings and examples stated in several different MENA regions can boost the economy as various platforms provide digital transformation, encourage culture awareness in schools, encourage youth empowerment, and support tech start-ups. They can drive forward the index of creativity and innovation within entrepreneurs and the general members of society. Recommendations include a further study to modify the model and customize it based on the country’s needs.
Originality/value: This chapter of the book focuses on the four main aspects of the quadruple helix model of innovation with specific examples in several countries. The chapter would be beneficial for the upcoming entrepreneurs and students who progress in developing tech start-ups and digitization.
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S. Chakraborty and Bapaye
Inspection error has been and continues to be an important area of research particularly in statistical quality control. While considerable work has been reported on the effect of…
Abstract
Inspection error has been and continues to be an important area of research particularly in statistical quality control. While considerable work has been reported on the effect of inspection error on different sampling plans and the implications thereof, very little seems to have been done to assess the effects of such errors on MIL STD 105D plans. In this article some aspects related to inspection errors and operation of MIL STD 105D plans have been studied. Based on this study some observations have been made which have led to the development of a few subtle practical guidelines that may prove helpful to the operating manager in administering such plans effectively.
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Wondwesen Tafesse and Anders Wien
ChatGPT is a versatile technology with practical use cases spanning many professional disciplines including marketing. Being a recent innovation, however, there is a lack of…
Abstract
Purpose
ChatGPT is a versatile technology with practical use cases spanning many professional disciplines including marketing. Being a recent innovation, however, there is a lack of academic insight into its tangible applications in the marketing realm. To address this gap, the current study explores ChatGPT’s application in marketing by mining social media data. Additionally, the study employs the stages-of- growth model to assess the current state of ChatGPT’s adoption in marketing organizations.
Design/methodology/approach
The study collected tweets related to ChatGPT and marketing using a web-scraping technique (N = 23,757). A topic model was trained on the tweet corpus using latent Dirichlet allocation to delineate ChatGPT’s major areas of applications in marketing.
Findings
The topic model produced seven latent topics that encapsulated ChatGPT’s major areas of applications in marketing including content marketing, digital marketing, search engine optimization, customer strategy, B2B marketing and prompt engineering. Further analyses reveal the popularity of and interest in these topics among marketing practitioners.
Originality/value
The findings contribute to the literature by offering empirical evidence of ChatGPT’s applications in marketing. They demonstrate the core use cases of ChatGPT in marketing. Further, the study applies the stages-of-growth model to situate ChatGPT’s current state of adoption in marketing organizations and anticipate its future trajectory.
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The aim of this study is to offer valuable insights to businesses and facilitate better understanding on transformer-based models (TBMs), which are among the widely employed…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study is to offer valuable insights to businesses and facilitate better understanding on transformer-based models (TBMs), which are among the widely employed generative artificial intelligence (GAI) models, garnering substantial attention due to their ability to process and generate complex data.
Design/methodology/approach
Existing studies on TBMs tend to be limited in scope, either focusing on specific fields or being highly technical. To bridge this gap, this study conducts robust bibliometric analysis to explore the trends across journals, authors, affiliations, countries and research trajectories using science mapping techniques – co-citation, co-words and strategic diagram analysis.
Findings
Identified research gaps encompass the evolution of new closed and open-source TBMs; limited exploration across industries like education and disciplines like marketing; a lack of in-depth exploration on TBMs' adoption in the health sector; scarcity of research on TBMs' ethical considerations and potential TBMs' performance research in diverse applications, like image processing.
Originality/value
The study offers an updated TBMs landscape and proposes a theoretical framework for TBMs' adoption in organizations. Implications for managers and researchers along with suggested research questions to guide future investigations are provided.
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Steve Chun Cheong Fong and Mohammed Quaddus
This paper investigates the roles of the time for system enhancement, work place relocation, and other organizational constructs, such as organization support, task…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper investigates the roles of the time for system enhancement, work place relocation, and other organizational constructs, such as organization support, task characteristics, intranet characteristics and user characteristics in the use of intranet and web‐enabled applications (IWAs) for supporting management accounting in public hospitals.
Design/methodology/approach
The research was carried out in Hong Kong public hospitals, and a pseudo‐longitudinal study spans a duration of one‐and‐a‐half years to observe changes that occur over time. A two‐phased survey research which investigated how the use of IWAs supports management accounting was also conducted for this study.
Findings
The survey results unearthed a number of findings. In the phase I survey, intranet user information satisfaction had a direct significant impact on information quality of management accounting systems (MASIQ). The extent of task characteristics also improves the performance of MASIQ. However, mixed research results were found regarding the presence of top management support and IS experience of users and their contribution to intranet user information satisfaction and MASIQ. User training also did not show any significant impact on intranet user information satisfaction and MASIQ. The phase II survey results reflect two additional findings. First, workplace relocation (one office management practice) was found to have a negative impact on the support of management accounting. Second, the time for system enhancement improves the acceptance of IWAs in public hospitals.
Research limitations/implications
The study provides support for certain prior research findings though some other findings were not consistent with expectations. The study was based on 157 hospital executives in the phase I survey and 147 hospital executives in the phase II survey. The findings are generalized reliably to the population studied – Hong Kong public hospitals. More research is needed for explorations of these findings. The research results contribute to the knowledge of uses of intranet for management accounting and control in public hospitals.
Practical implications
The research offers insights into management accounting and control systems, as they are implemented through intranet in public hospitals. Work place relocation is less effective for grouping talents to work in offices at different locations. Face‐to‐face communication at a workplace is more efficient than communication through intranet applications. The study reinforced the belief that top management support is of prior concern in improving managerial performance.
Originality/value
The roles of IWAs on the time for system enhancement and workplace relocation have not previously been studied. The results provide some useful support of prior findings and some modifications as well as extensions that further understanding in these areas.
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Business process reengineering (BPR) is a management improvement tool that entails radical changes to organizations' core processes, culture and legacy systems. Although BPR…
Abstract
Purpose
Business process reengineering (BPR) is a management improvement tool that entails radical changes to organizations' core processes, culture and legacy systems. Although BPR initiatives are favored by many mangers, employees on the other hand, perceive BPR as a potential threat to lose their jobs. This research aims to enhance the employee perception toward BPR implementation in the construction industry as BPR asks for job enlargement (number of different tasks) and enrichment (degree of responsibility) and doesn’t target the workforce downsizing by itself.
Design/methodology/approach
The research is conducted in Saudi Arabia by involving experienced construction industry practitioners in a survey questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to gain an insightful perception toward BPR constituents. BPR asks for job enlargement (number of different tasks) and enrichment (degree of responsibility). The survey questionnaire is verified from the literature related to BPR and pilot study through experienced construction practitioners. The experts validated the findings.
Findings
The findings of this research reveal a general positive acceptance toward BPR constituents in construction industry. Jobs enrichment and enlargement should be approached: by integrating IT with business functions (especially communication); developing flexible management systems; and encouraging and empowering employees to generate value through their jobs with more delegated authority.
Originality/value
The work is one of the few studies to address the concept of Business Process Reengineering in the construction industry. We explore two research questions as detailed in the submission (BPR perception in the construction industry, and how to have a successful BPR by job enlargement and enrichment. The methods can be extended to other industries and in different parts in the world.
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The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the most recent literature concerning document supply and related matters.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this article is to provide a review of the most recent literature concerning document supply and related matters.
Design/methodology/approach
The article is based on the reading of over 150 journals as well as monographs, reports and websites.
Findings
That the fundamental debate on the direction of scholarly publishing continues intensely. Electronic books remain a minority market but screen readability has improved significantly. The mass digitisation of books continues apace. Open access continues to grow but with widely differing views on its impact – the publishers start to fight back.
Originality/value
The paper is a useful source of information for librarians and others interested in document supply and related matters.