P. DEGOND, F. DELAURENS, F.J. MUSTIELES and F. NIER
This paper is devoted to the numerical study, using the deterministic particle method, of the parallel transport of a bidimensional electron gas confined in a potential well near…
Abstract
This paper is devoted to the numerical study, using the deterministic particle method, of the parallel transport of a bidimensional electron gas confined in a potential well near a heterojunction interface. The geometry makes it possible to solve independently the transport under the electric field and the well shape. We simulate the electronic transport with a kinetic model and use the deterministic particle method. As for the description of the potential well, we use different models and compare their influence on the thermodynamic equilibrium and on the transport properties of the electron gas.
Fuzan Chen, Harris Wu, Runliang Dou and Minqiang Li
The purpose of this paper is to build a compact and accurate classifier for high-dimensional classification.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to build a compact and accurate classifier for high-dimensional classification.
Design/methodology/approach
A classification approach based on class-dependent feature subspace (CFS) is proposed. CFS is a class-dependent integration of a support vector machine (SVM) classifier and associated discriminative features. For each class, our genetic algorithm (GA)-based approach evolves the best subset of discriminative features and SVM classifier simultaneously. To guarantee convergence and efficiency, the authors customize the GA in terms of encoding strategy, fitness evaluation, and genetic operators.
Findings
Experimental studies demonstrated that the proposed CFS-based approach is superior to other state-of-the-art classification algorithms on UCI data sets in terms of both concise interpretation and predictive power for high-dimensional data.
Research limitations/implications
UCI data sets rather than real industrial data are used to evaluate the proposed approach. In addition, only single-label classification is addressed in the study.
Practical implications
The proposed method not only constructs an accurate classification model but also obtains a compact combination of discriminative features. It is helpful for business makers to get a concise understanding of the high-dimensional data.
Originality/value
The authors propose a compact and effective classification approach for high-dimensional data. Instead of the same feature subset for all the classes, the proposed CFS-based approach obtains the optimal subset of discriminative feature and SVM classifier for each class. The proposed approach enhances both interpretability and predictive power for high-dimensional data.
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The progress of semiconductor fabrication technology, particularly the heteroepitaxial technology (MOCVD, MBE, etc.) has permitted the fabrication of structures and devices whose…
Abstract
The progress of semiconductor fabrication technology, particularly the heteroepitaxial technology (MOCVD, MBE, etc.) has permitted the fabrication of structures and devices whose behaviour is dominated by ballistic and/or quantum‐interference effects through heterojunctions.
During the late 1960s Britain still enjoyed unemployment rates of little over 2 per cent. The rise to over 4 per cent by early 1972 was certainly considered to be unacceptable by…
Abstract
During the late 1960s Britain still enjoyed unemployment rates of little over 2 per cent. The rise to over 4 per cent by early 1972 was certainly considered to be unacceptable by post‐war “Keynesian” standards and the infamous “Barber Boom” brought the unemployment rate down to “normal” levels by the end of 1973. However, the oil crisis heralded in an almost continuous rise in unemployment to over 6 per cent by 1977. In two years' time Britain experienced yet another substantial rise in unemployment with the rate climbing to over 9 per cent by the end of 1980.
S. Lepaul, F. Bouillault and A. De Lustrac
Recent advances in the fabrication technology of heterojunction semiconductor nanostructures have made possible the realization of systems with extremely small sizes. In these…
Abstract
Recent advances in the fabrication technology of heterojunction semiconductor nanostructures have made possible the realization of systems with extremely small sizes. In these devices, electrons are confined along some directions and are free to move in others. Semiconductor nanostructures have become so small that we have to take into account quantum effects. The two dimensional physical model consists of Poisson’s equation for the electrostatic potential φ, coupled with an eigenvalue problem for Schrödinger’s equation. Proposes
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Gergana Todorova, Matthew R.W. Brake and Laurie R. Weingart
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of enriched group work design and objective and perceived expertise diversity in interdisciplinary research groups with a focus on…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of enriched group work design and objective and perceived expertise diversity in interdisciplinary research groups with a focus on two critical group processes: task conflict and idea sharing.
Design/methodology/approach
Survey data were collected from 148 researchers and their advisors in 29 research labs at two doctorate-granting universities. The study tested the hypothesized model using hierarchical ordinary least squares regression and hierarchical linear modeling.
Findings
Results showed that objective and perceived (salient) expertise diversity jointly influenced task conflict. In addition, whether task conflict had a positive or negative impact on idea sharing depended on group work design enrichment and expertise diversity salience. Idea sharing improved group outcomes over and above the effects of task conflict.
Research limitations/implications
Although this study could not test the causal relationships owing to a cross-sectional nature of data, it provides theoretical implications for the group work design, diversity and conflict literature.
Practical implications
Group work design represents an important tool for stimulating idea sharing in research groups. The findings suggest that managers should consider and manage the level of expertise diversity salience and the level of task conflict to increase the effectiveness of group work design.
Originality/value
The study provides insights on when task conflict may help creative groups. Work design and diversity salience represent important contextual features. The paper also examines both the objective and perceived diversity and disentangles task conflict and idea sharing.
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Sucharita Maji and Devu Rajeev
The current study aimed to (1) explore the prevalence and processes associated with microaggression, along with (2) the consequences of such instances on the queer employees’ life.
Abstract
Purpose
The current study aimed to (1) explore the prevalence and processes associated with microaggression, along with (2) the consequences of such instances on the queer employees’ life.
Design/methodology/approach
For this purpose, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted on 29 LGBTQIA + persons (21–42 years). The qualitative data were analysed through the thematic analysis method (a hybrid of theoretical and inductive thematic analysis). Nadal and colleagues’ (2010) taxonomy on sexual orientation and transgender microaggression was used as a theoretical lens for detecting the acts of microaggression.
Findings
The result revealed eight themes: i.e. (1) overt discrimination (bullying and sexual harassment); (2) workplace discrimination; (3) environmental microaggressions; (4) interpersonal microaggressions; (5) mental health effects; (6) disclosure dilemma; (7) consequences on job-related functioning; and (8) policy changes. Microaggression was more common as compared to overt forms of aggression such as bullying. The study detected a serious lag in the implementation of queer-friendly policies in Indian organizations. Experiences of overt discrimination and microaggressions hinder the work performance and the psychological well-being of queer employees.
Originality/value
LGBTQIA + microaggression is not explored in the Indian workplace context.
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Tawfik Azrak, Buerhan Saiti, Ali Kutan and Engku Rabiah Adawiah Engku Ali
The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether higher disclosure levels at both Islamic and conventional banks are associated with higher stock price volatility in the member…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether higher disclosure levels at both Islamic and conventional banks are associated with higher stock price volatility in the member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).
Design/methodology/approach
To do this, the authors build a disclosure index (DI) for both types of banks and compare their transparency levels. After that, the authors evaluate the relationship between disclosure and stock price volatility for both conventional and Islamic banks (IBs) and include macro- and bank-level control factors to isolate the effect of disclosure from potentially confounding influences by employing panel data.
Findings
The author find that the significance of the DI on stock price volatility is economically negligible at both types of banks, suggesting that injecting more information into markets would raise stock price volatility only slightly and hence will not have much economically significant effect on stock price volatility in our sample countries. The authors discuss the policy implications of the findings.
Originality/value
The study fills the gap in the literature and assists in formulating appropriate regulation policies for corporate governance disclosure requirements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first empirical study to investigate the impact of disclosure on reducing stock price volatility in the dual banking system of the GCC countries.
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Chan Du, Liang Song and Jia Wu
This paper aims to examine how banks’ accounting disclosure policies affect information content in stock prices and stock crash risk.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to examine how banks’ accounting disclosure policies affect information content in stock prices and stock crash risk.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses 1996-2013 as the sample period. The final sample includes 10,045 observations in 37 countries. This paper uses stock return synchronicity to measure information content in stock prices. This study uses the frequency difference between extremely negative and positive stock returns to measure stock crash risk. To measure the level of bank accounting disclosure, this research follows Nier and Baumann (2006) to construct an aggregate disclosure index based on inclusions and omissions of a series of items in a bank’s annual accounting reports.
Findings
This paper finds that banks’ stocks have lower stock return synchronicity and fewer extremely negative returns if banks have higher levels of financial statement disclosure. These results suggest that banks’ stocks have higher information content and lower crash risk if banks’ information environment is more transparent.
Originality/value
Overall, this paper provides new insight about how to increase banks’ transparency and the safety of the banking industry, which is beneficial to economic growth. To increase banks’ transparency and reduce the possibility of extremely negative stock returns, one way to regulate banks is to increase their accounting disclosure. In addition, the extant literature (Chen et al., 2006, Durnev et al., 2003, 2004; Wurgler, 2000) demonstrates that firms with lower stock return synchronicity have more transparent information environments and higher investment efficiency. Thus, this paper finds that higher levels of bank accounting disclosure are associated with lower stock return synchronicity, which further reduces banks’ opacity and increases banks’ investment efficiency. Finally, compared to business firms, stock crash risk has much direr consequences because one bank’s stock crash will affect overall financial stability. Thus, it is important for authorities to know the effects of accounting disclosure on bank stock crash risk.