Analyzing and reducing entropy generation is useful for enhancing the thermodynamic performance of engineering systems. This study aims to explore how polymers and nanoparticles…
Abstract
Purpose
Analyzing and reducing entropy generation is useful for enhancing the thermodynamic performance of engineering systems. This study aims to explore how polymers and nanoparticles in the presence of Lorentz forces influence the fluid behavior and heat transfer characteristics to lessen energy loss and entropy generation.
Design/methodology/approach
The dispersion model is initially used to examine the behavior of polymer additives over a magnetized surface. The governing system of partial differential equations (PDEs) is subsequently reduced through the utilization of similarity transformation techniques. Entropy analysis is primarily performed through the implementation of numerical computations on a non-Newtonian polymeric FENE-P model.
Findings
The numerical simulations conducted in the presence of Lorentz forces provide significant insights into the consequences of adding polymers to the base fluid. The findings suggest that such an approach minimizes entropy in the flow region. Through the utilization of polymer-MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) interactions, it is feasible to reduce energy loss and improve the efficiency of the system.
Originality/value
This study’s primary motivation and novelty lie in examining the significance of polymer additives as agents that reduce entropy generation on a magnetic surface. The author looks at how nanofluids affect the development of entropy and the loss of irreversibility. To do this, the author uses the Lorentz force, the Soret effect and the Dufour effect to minimize entropy. The findings contribute to fluid mechanics and thermodynamics by providing valuable insights for engineering systems to increase energy efficiency and conserve resources.
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L. Ahmad Soltani, E. Shivanian and Reza Ezzati
The purpose of this paper is to present a new method based on the homotopy analysis method (HAM) with the aim of fast searching and calculating multiple solutions of nonlinear…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a new method based on the homotopy analysis method (HAM) with the aim of fast searching and calculating multiple solutions of nonlinear boundary value problems (NBVPs).
Design/methodology/approach
A major problem with the previously modified HAM, namely, predictor homotopy analysis method, which is used to predict multiplicity of solutions of NBVPs, is a time-consuming computation of high-order HAM-approximate solutions due to a symbolic variable namely “prescribed parameter”. The proposed new technique which is based on traditional shooting method, and the HAM cuts the dependency on the prescribed parameter.
Findings
To demonstrate the computational efficiency, the mentioned method is implemented on three important nonlinear exactly solvable differential equations, namely, the nonlinear MHD Jeffery–Hamel flow problem, the nonlinear boundary value problem arising in heat transfer and the strongly nonlinear Bratu problem.
Originality/value
The more high-order approximate solutions are computable, multiple solutions are easily searched and discovered and the more accurate solutions can be obtained depending on how nonhomogeneous boundary conditions are transcribed to the homogeneous boundary conditions.
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J. S. K. Ngo, W.F. Ong, F. B. Ahmad and K. B. Bujang
This paper highlights an on-going study that produces soluble-powdered natural dye extracts from Sebangki barks (Neesia spp., Bomb.; Tristaniopsis spp., Myrt.), Engkerabai Paya…
Abstract
This paper highlights an on-going study that produces soluble-powdered natural dye extracts from Sebangki barks (Neesia spp., Bomb.; Tristaniopsis spp., Myrt.), Engkerabai Paya leaves (Psychotria viridiflora Zoll. ex. Miq.) and Engkudu roots (Morinda citrifolia L.). These three natural colourants are typically used by the native Iban community in Sarawak to dye silk threads for Pua Kumbu weaving. The two primary objectives of this study are to convert natural dye extracts into soluble powder using solvent extraction and to formulate textile dyeing recipes with good colourfastness and lightfastness using powdered natural dyes extracts. The successful experiments show that distilled water and ethanol can be used as solvents to extract natural dyes from Neesia spp., Bomb.; Tristaniopsis spp., Myrt. barks, Morinda citrifolia L. roots, Psychotria viridiflora Zoll. ex. Miq. leaves. In addition, it is proven that the method of freeze drying is capable of converting liquid dye extracts into soluble powder.
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Palak Rathi, Ankit Nyati, Rushina Singhi and Anubha Srivastava
Environment, social and governance (ESG) criteria are a quantum of a company’s performance in the environmental, social and governance aspects. A company’s worth may be determined…
Abstract
Environment, social and governance (ESG) criteria are a quantum of a company’s performance in the environmental, social and governance aspects. A company’s worth may be determined not only by its earnings but also by its knowledge and sensitivity towards its stakeholders and society. The study aims to rank the companies and determine which company is superior based on ESG criteria. The authors employed the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) in this study. The companies are ranked with this standardized method comprehending which company is the best taking into consideration the various environmental, social and governance factors. The authors have evaluated four companies in the electric utilities and IPPs industry. The results of the study rank these four companies on the basis of ESG criteria. Interestingly, the rankings calculated for ESG criteria are identical to the rankings calculated by a well-known ESG rating agency. To the best of author’s knowledge, this work is among the first to use the TOPSIS method to find rankings of the companies on the basis on ESG criteria. The work provides practical implications regarding convenient to use when finding ESG rankings for companies. This might be the most effective way for investors or other parties to learn which firm is the greatest for sustainable investing.
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Mohammed Sani Abdullahi, Marina Arnaut, Adams Adeiza, Mahmoud Ahmad Mahmoud, Javad Shahreki, Osaro Aigbogun, Farouk Umar Kofar Naisa, Muhammad Shaheer Nuhu and Abba Ya'u
The purpose of this research is to assess how full-time tenured academic staff promotion practices (SPP) in Malaysian private universities (MPUs) influence academic staff…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this research is to assess how full-time tenured academic staff promotion practices (SPP) in Malaysian private universities (MPUs) influence academic staff engagement (SE) and academic staff performance (SP).
Design/methodology/approach
The research used quantitative and descriptive methods, focusing on MPUs' academic staff as the unit of analysis. Sampling involved simple random and stratified techniques, with 314 academic personnel surveyed. Participant data was collected through a questionnaire, and study hypotheses were tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) via a bootstrapping approach.
Findings
The findings show that SE somewhat mediates the connection between SPP and SP and that SPP significantly influences SP.
Practical implications
This study emphasizes the importance of impartiality and transparency within university administration when promoting academic staff. Universities should adopt modern strategies and approaches for advancing their employees to higher positions, doing so will motivate employees to fully invest in their work, leading to sustained high-performance levels.
Originality/value
This research has substantially improved the understanding and the practical utilization of literature about SP, SPP and SE. This improvement can potentially facilitate the development of models, theories, research initiatives, and practical strategies geared toward enhancing staff efficiency.
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Dennis W Taylor, James Fisher and Maliah Sulaiman
There is a substantial body of empirical literature on university students' self‐perceived approaches to learning, but evidence on instructors' perceptions of the way they…
Abstract
There is a substantial body of empirical literature on university students' self‐perceived approaches to learning, but evidence on instructors' perceptions of the way they facilitate their students' learning approaches is less evident. This study aims to investigate the extent of the gap between students' learning approaches and instructors' teaching orientations towards facilitating these approaches. The subsequent employability of accounting graduates depends in part on the nature and extent of this gap. Student learning approaches are measured on two dimensions ‐ deep and strategic approaches ‐ drawn from Tait's and Entwistle's (1995) Revised Approaches to Studying Inventory (RASI). Instructors' facilitation of students' learning is measured by a re‐orientation of the same RASI instrument towards teaching approaches. The results reveal several significant differences of emphasis between instructors and students in terms of deep and strategic approaches. Students are falling short of what their instructors believe they are facilitating in terms of the development of their employability competencies and characteristics for a professional career. When students are grouped according to gender, further significant differences are found. Implications of these findings for future change in accounting education are discussed.
Sarah Sidani and Rawan Hassoun
This section outlines a framework for incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital transformation (DT) into education, focusing on how they can transform teaching…
Abstract
This section outlines a framework for incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) and digital transformation (DT) into education, focusing on how they can transform teaching methods, curriculum development, and academic evaluations. It traces the evolution of AI from rule-based systems to learning technologies, highlighting the move toward education and innovative curricula. The framework considers both the benefits of using AI to improve practices and the challenges it brings, such as issues and the potential for creating a digital divide. This balanced perspective is crucial in shaping how DT is adopted in education, promoting a fair educational environment that harnesses the advancements in AI and DT. Aimed at policymakers, administrators, and educators, this section is a road map for navigating the complexities of integrating technology into education, contributing to an adaptable and enriched landscape.
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Abdullahi Hassan Gorondutse, Haim Hilman, Maruf Gbadebo Salimon, Rajeh Alajmi, Fayez Hamed Al Shdaifat and Vikniswari Vija Kumaran
Even though nowadays more women occupy leadership roles, they still are a minority. Because aspiration is a precursor of advancement, examining conditions fostering female…
Abstract
Purpose
Even though nowadays more women occupy leadership roles, they still are a minority. Because aspiration is a precursor of advancement, examining conditions fostering female leadership aspiration is important, particularly in the context of Saudi Arabia where moral relativism play a vital role. This paper aims to discuss these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional survey design with 500 full-time employed women, working in Saudi Arabia Public University were selected using quantitative approach. PLS-SEM is used to analyse the predicted hypotheses.
Findings
The initial prediction was found that gender egalitarian is significant on women’s leadership effectiveness, and government support to the extent that is associated with women’s leadership effectiveness and tend to have stronger relationship. Also, the indirect effect of government support on the relationship between gender egalitarian on women leadership effectiveness was not significant.
Research limitations/implications
Due to the selected survey approach, the data are correlational using quantitative method. Thus, mixed method is needed to confirm these findings.
Practical implications
Saudi Arabia Public Universities, policymakers and leaders of higher education institutions should focus on female leaders to improve their leadership effectiveness. Universities should formulate future strategies to empower women through the various stages of their career to become good leaders.
Originality/value
The present study is among the first if any that examines relationship between gender egalitarian and women leadership effectiveness with moderating role of government support in developing country of Saudi Arabia.
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Christie L. Comunale, Charles A. Barragato and Denise Buhrau
In this study, we examine the role of temporal framing in the context of tax audit risk. Using construal-level theory, we propose that compared with an every-year frame (e.g., 1.5…
Abstract
In this study, we examine the role of temporal framing in the context of tax audit risk. Using construal-level theory, we propose that compared with an every-year frame (e.g., 1.5 million returns are audited every year), framing audit risk in an everyday frame (e.g., 4,000 returns are audited every day) will make audit risk seem more likely and thus increase taxpayer compliance. We test whether perceived fairness of the tax system, an individual difference variable related to tax compliance, moderates the effect of temporal framing on behavioral intentions. The results show that communicating risk in a day frame rather than a year frame increases compliance for taxpayers who perceive the tax system as unfair but not for taxpayers who perceive the tax system as fair. Increasing compliance among taxpayers who perceive the tax system as unfair is crucial, as they are less likely to be compliant. Thus, framing audit risk can assist in increasing taxpayer compliance.