The purpose of this paper is to examine the contribution of heritage and participation to sustainable development in a postindustrial context. Special attention is paid to the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the contribution of heritage and participation to sustainable development in a postindustrial context. Special attention is paid to the problematic fields of attractiveness, growth and participation. New ways of working this field are called for.
Design/methodology/approach
The study relies on retrospectiveparticipatory observation, citizen participation and document analysis.
Findings
There is a complex relationship between experts and citizens/participants, and heritage and history are considered to be domains of experts. Therefore heritage projects have problems surviving the exodus of experts. Heritage is not perceived as asset for building new businesses by most citizens, but as values “out there”. Heritage may function as a meeting place, attracting different groups of people, but there are complex mechanisms of inclusion and exclusion. A model and a method are put forward for uniting experts and citizens, and driving the integration of heritage in other sectors of society to create innovative sustainability processes.
Research limitations/implications
A single case study, taking place under special conditions. However, both the results and the context correspond well with similar studies.
Practical implications
Furthering of integration of heritage management and antiquarian actions in other societal sectors.
Social implications
More stable networks of citizens/stakeholders and antiquarians.
Originality/value
A fairly large project involving a multitude of stakeholders and societal interests.
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Isabella Tomassi and Giuseppe Forino
The purpose of this paper is to aim at exploring the relationship between community building and the changes occurred in the context of a post-disaster self-built ecovillage …
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to aim at exploring the relationship between community building and the changes occurred in the context of a post-disaster self-built ecovillage (EcoVillaggio Autocostruito (EVA)), spontaneously born after the L’Aquila earthquake in 2009. The community eventually dissolved in 2014, following a series of changes in the organization, that resulted in an increasingly centralized decision-making process, and in individual and community relationships, that were fueled by conflicts and contrasts.
Design/methodology/approach
Through a self-ethnography method, the paper provides the insider perspective of the lead author who was a part of EVA since the beginning. Self-ethnography allowed developing a narrative of EVA across its life course.
Findings
Findings reveal that the community into EVA was initially pursuing community-building goals through self-construction, sustainability, mutuality and reciprocity relationships out of market. However, several events occurred and changed community goals, organization and decision making. Eventually, individual goals and vertical decision making emerged among the community members, leading to the death of EVA.
Research limitations/implications
The paper just considered those main events that marked the collective and individual life of the lead author since the beginning until the end of the ecovillage. Others events, equally important, were not considered due to word length. In addition, self-ethnography is still considered by some authors as a subjective method.
Originality/value
The paper is one of the few exploring community experiences into post-disaster ecovillages. Moreover, there are no papers investigating post-disaster ecovillages through a self-ethnography approach. Therefore, the paper offers an innovative and original perspective on the under-investigated topic of post-disaster ecovillages and employs a promising research method in disaster studies.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore what characterizes cyberbullying when it is performed in digital space and in an increasingly boundary blurred working life context.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore what characterizes cyberbullying when it is performed in digital space and in an increasingly boundary blurred working life context.
Design/methodology/approach
Cyberbullying is explored through the lens of Erving Goffman’s theories on everyday life interaction and social media scholars understanding of social life on the internet today. The empirical material for the study is grounded in eight in-depth interviews with individuals who have been subjected to cyberbullying behavior in their professional life. The interview data were analyzed by means of thematic analysis.
Findings
Three key themes were identified: spatial interconnectedness, colliding identities and the role of the audience. The empirical data indicate that in order to understand cyberbullying in working life, it is necessary to consider the specific context that emerges with social network sites and blogs. Moreover, this study shows how social network sites tend to blur boundaries between the private and the professional for the targeted individual.
Originality/value
Cyberbullying in working life is a relatively under-researched area. Most existing research on cyberbullying follows the tradition of face-to-face bullying by addressing the phenomenon with quantitative methods. Given the limited potential of this approach to uncover new and unique features, this study makes an important contribution by exploring cyberbullying with a qualitative approach that provides in-depth understanding of the new situations that emerge when bullying is performed online.
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Iraci de Souza João-Roland and Maria L. Granados
Identify the drivers of social innovation (SI) that bring together the main management tools and approaches associated with the creation of SI in social enterprises (SEs).
Abstract
Purpose
Identify the drivers of social innovation (SI) that bring together the main management tools and approaches associated with the creation of SI in social enterprises (SEs).
Design/methodology/approach
A systematic review was developed in the Web of Science, Scopus and EBSCO databases, using the keywords: social innovation, social enterprise and management. After analysis of quality and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 54 articles were selected for full analysis.
Findings
SI process was systemised into four steps: mapping and development, consolidation, scaling up and evaluation. The drivers of SI were mapped and classified into three main factors: contextual, organisational and managerial.
Practical implications
In organisational factors, business model was emphasised, as well as partnerships, participatory culture and intrapreneurship, adequate levels of bricolage and continuous learning. The management factors included the characteristics of the entrepreneur/innovator and managerial practices, where those that facilitate teamwork and the participation of all involved are best suited. In contextual factors, the highlight was the need for support from policy makers; community participation and demand for innovations that consider local context and usability.
Originality/value
This study connects previously scattered knowledge in a generic model of SI, highlighting routines and processes used, and provides a starting point for innovators and social entrepreneurs in the complex, uncertain and often unknown process of SI. Additionally, several research gaps were identified to be addressed by future research in the context of SI management.
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Carl Henning Christner and Ebba Sjögren
This paper aims to analyse the longitudinal performative effects of accounting, focusing on how accounting shapes the stability/instability of economic frames over time.
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to analyse the longitudinal performative effects of accounting, focusing on how accounting shapes the stability/instability of economic frames over time.
Design/methodology/approach
To explore the performative effects of accounting over time, a longitudinal case study narrates the transformation of a large, listed manufacturing company's financial strategy over 20 years. Using extensive document collection, the authors trace the shift from an “industrial” frame to a “shareholder value” frame in the mid-1990s, followed by the gradual entrenchment of this shareholder value frame until its decline in the wake of the financial crisis in 2008.
Findings
Our findings show how accounting has different performative temporalities, capable of precipitating sudden shifts between different economic frames and stabilising an ever-more entrenched and narrowly defined enactment of a specific frame. We conceptualise these different temporalities as performative moments and performative momentum respectively, explaining how accounting produces these performative effects over time. Moreover, in contrast to extant accounting research, the authors provide insight into the performative role of accounting not only in contested but also “cold” situations marked by consensus regarding the overarching economic frame.
Originality/value
Our paper draws attention to the longitudinal performative effects of accounting. In particular, the analysis of how accounting entrenches and refines economic frames over time adds to prior research, which has focused mainly on the contestation and instability of framing processes.
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Eva Norrman Brandt, Sofia Kjellström and Ann-Christine Andersson
The purpose of this paper is to examine people’s experience of a change process and if and how post-conventional leadership principles are expressed in the change process.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine people’s experience of a change process and if and how post-conventional leadership principles are expressed in the change process.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used a retrospective exploratory qualitative design. In total, 19 semi-structured interviews and 4 workshops were conducted and analyzed in accordance with a thematic qualitative analysis.
Findings
The post-conventional leadership appears to have facilitated an organizational transformation where explorative work methods aimed at innovation and improvement as well as holistic understanding was used. Dispersed power and mandate to employees, within set frames and with clear goals, created new ways of organizing and working. The leader showed personal consideration, acknowledged the importance of the emotionally demanding aspects of change and admitted the leader’s own vulnerability. Balance between challenge and support created courage to take on new roles and responsibilities. Most employees thrived and grew with the possibilities given, but some felt lack of support and clear directions.
Practical implications
Inspiration from this case on work methods and involvement of employees can be used on other change efforts.
Social implications
This study provides knowledge on leadership capabilities needed for facilitation of transformational change.
Originality/value
Few transformational change processes by post-conventional leaders are thoroughly described, and this study provides in-depth descriptions of post-conventional leadership in transformational change.
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Inger Gamme, Eva Amdahl Seim, Eirin Lodgaard and Bjørn Andersen
Many leisure boat manufacturers have thrived on designing and building highly customized boats based on longstanding traditions of craftsmanship. To achieve efficient value…
Abstract
Purpose
Many leisure boat manufacturers have thrived on designing and building highly customized boats based on longstanding traditions of craftsmanship. To achieve efficient value chains, it is not enough to optimize each process step, but also important to achieve a smooth flow through the dependencies between each process steps. The purpose of this paper is to focus on assessing enablers and disablers for operational integration in a craft-oriented small enterprise.
Design/methodology/approach
One case company has been studied, to identify enablers and disablers for operational integration in the value chain. The research methodology is based on semi-structured interviews with selected persons from different levels within the company.
Findings
The results indicate the importance of management promotion and support of integration and a strong relationship between foremen and operators. Furthermore, to avoid functional myopias, mechanisms to encourage horizontal integration could be useful. Small company and informal culture make integration easier. However, to further establish a common standardized platform, could be necessary. Even small physical barriers in the layout were experienced to affect the integration negatively.
Research limitations/implications
This has been an exploratory study of one single craft-oriented enterprise; hence it is difficult to generalize.
Practical implications
Based on empirical findings from the case study, recommendations on how to achieve better operational integration will be presented.
Originality/value
The research initiative provides knowledge experience of operational integration from a case study in one company within craft and artisan sector in Norway.
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Eva Norrman Brandt, Ann-Christine Andersson and Sofia Kjellstrom
The study of successful transformational change processes in organizations has been limited. The purpose of this paper is to understand a change process and the type of change…
Abstract
Purpose
The study of successful transformational change processes in organizations has been limited. The purpose of this paper is to understand a change process and the type of change that occurred in a pharmaceutical company in Sweden 2005–2014.
Design/methodology/approach
An interactive research design was used, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 individuals, asking about their views on the change journey. Meetings and dialogue with leaders from the organization also took place. Observations from feedback meetings with leaders were included in the analysis. The results were analysed using a time-ordered display identifying key events, interpreted by a theoretical lens determining the type of change over a period of 10 years.
Findings
This was a transformational change caused by external pressure, supported by visionary and transparent leadership, collaborative methods aiming at broad involvement and systemic understanding. The results indicated a 40 per cent increase in productivity and altered organizational design and culture. Sense-making activities, persistent adoption of quality improvement tools, dispersed power and sequential change activities underpinned the success.
Practical implications
The results provide insight into the processes of transformational change. Change leaders were provided with knowledge, inspiration and insight when facing transformations.
Social implications
Increased prevalence of transformational change calls for new organizational competencies and altered roles for leaders and employees. There is a need for new ways of developing competence and new recruitment policies for leaders.
Originality/value
This case presents unique empirical evidence of a successful cultural transformation led by a leader using post-conventional principles.
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Attila Diószegi, Éva Diószegi, Judit Tóth and József Tamás Svidró
The purpose of this paper is to obtain a finite difference method (FDM) solution using control volume for heat transport by conduction and the heat absorption by the enthalpy…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to obtain a finite difference method (FDM) solution using control volume for heat transport by conduction and the heat absorption by the enthalpy model in the sand mixture used in casting manufacturing processes. A mixture of sand and different chemicals (binders) is used as moulding materials in the casting processes. The presence of various compounds in the system improve the complexity of the heat transport due to the heat absorption as the binders are decomposing and transformed into gaseous products due to significant heat shock.
Design/methodology/approach
The geometrical domain were defined in a 1D polar coordinate system and adapted for numerical simulation according to the control volume-based FDM. The simulation results were validated by comparison to the temperature measurements under laboratory conditions as the sand mould mixture was heated by interacting with a liquid alloy.
Findings
Results of validation and simulation methods were about high correspondence, the numerical method presented in this paper is accurate and has significant potential in the simulation of casting processes.
Originality/value
Both numerical solution (definition of geometrical domain in 1D polar coordinate system) and verification method presented in this paper are state-of-the-art in their kinds and present high scientific value especially regarding to the topic of numerical modelling of heat flow and foundry technology.
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Trond Petersen, Eva M. Meyersson Milgrom and Vemund Snartland
We report three findings in a comprehensive study of hourly wage differences between women and men working in same occupation and establishment in Sweden in 1970–1990. (1) Within…
Abstract
We report three findings in a comprehensive study of hourly wage differences between women and men working in same occupation and establishment in Sweden in 1970–1990. (1) Within same occupation and establishment in 1990, women on average earn 1.4% less than men among blue-collar workers, 5.0% less among white-collar employees. This occupation-establishment level wage gap declined strongly from 1970 to 1978. (2) For white-collar employees, occupational segregation accounts for much of the wage gap, establishment segregation for little. For blue-collar workers both types of segregation are important. (3) The within-occupation gaps are small, below 4% and 7% for blue- and white-collar workers.