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Article
Publication date: 1 June 2001

Eva Leslie, Phillip B. Sparling and Neville Owen

Describes the decreasing prevalence of physical activity participation over the young adult years and the patterns of difference in the physical activity habits of young men and…

8594

Abstract

Describes the decreasing prevalence of physical activity participation over the young adult years and the patterns of difference in the physical activity habits of young men and young women. Physical activity habits during the young adult years are likely to be important influences on habitual physical activity during overall adult life and, consequently, have significant implications for long‐term health outcomes. Tertiary‐education campuses are settings where there exist important yet partially neglected opportunities to influence the physical activity habits of young adults. Uses examples from Australia and the USA are used to characterise relevant contextual and practical aspects of the campus setting and the physical activity promotion opportunities that it may provide. Reviews findings from two campus‐based physical activity intervention studies. In conclusion, identifies a set of issues that require further research.

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Health Education, vol. 101 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0965-4283

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Article
Publication date: 1 August 2004

Brands have come a long way since cattle owners (and, shamefully, even slave owners) burned a mark on the skins of their stock to say “this is mine, keep off!”. These days the…

5518

Abstract

Brands have come a long way since cattle owners (and, shamefully, even slave owners) burned a mark on the skins of their stock to say “this is mine, keep off!”. These days the mark, logo, sign, or slogan – or any combination – which identifies a product is more likely designed to give the message “this is for you, buy it!”. And whereas once brands for products or services were meant merely as some sort of useful bookmark in the memory of potential customers, they have assumed a far greater importance and influence.

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Strategic Direction, vol. 20 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0258-0543

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Article
Publication date: 6 February 2017

Rafael Bravo, Isabel Buil, Leslie de Chernatony and Eva Martínez

The purpose of this paper is to better understand the brand identity management process from the employees’ perspective. Specifically, it explores how the different dimensions of…

5105

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to better understand the brand identity management process from the employees’ perspective. Specifically, it explores how the different dimensions of brand identity management influence employees’ attitudinal and behavioural responses.

Design/methodology/approach

An empirical study was carried out to test the proposed model. The sample consisted of 297 employees in the UK financial services sector. Hypothesis testing was conducted using partial least square regression.

Findings

Results indicate that effective brand identity management can increase employees’ identification with their organisations. Specifically, the most influential dimension is the employee-client focus. Results also show that organisational identification is a key variable to explain job satisfaction, word-of-mouth and brand citizenship behaviour.

Research limitations/implications

This study focusses on the UK financial sector. To explore the generalisability of results, replication studies among other sectors and countries would be useful. The cross-sectional nature of the study also limits its causal inference.

Practical implications

This study shows the importance of brand identity management to foster positive employee attitudes and actions that go beyond their job responsibilities. The model developed may help organisations analyse the impact of managerial actions, monitoring the potential effects of changes in brand identity management amongst employees.

Originality/value

Although numerous conceptual frameworks highlight the importance of brand identity management, empirical studies in this area are scarce. The current work extends previous research by empirically analysing the effects of the dimensions of brand identity management from the employees’ perspective.

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International Journal of Bank Marketing, vol. 35 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-2323

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2004

Eva Martínez and Leslie de Chernatony

The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect that a brand extension strategy has on brand image. Specifically, the paper analyzes how variables related to the parent brand…

56379

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to analyze the effect that a brand extension strategy has on brand image. Specifically, the paper analyzes how variables related to the parent brand and the extension influence brand image after the extension. From a sample of 389 consumers the paper demonstrates that the extension strategy dilutes the brand image. Through a regression analysis it is shown that the perceived quality of the brand and consumers’ attitudes towards the extension positively influence both the general brand image (GBI) and the product brand image (PBI) after the extension. While familiarity with the products of the brand only affect the GBI, the perceived degree of fit affects the PBI.

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Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

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Article
Publication date: 19 September 2008

Isabel Buil, Leslie de Chernatony and Eva Martínez

This study seeks to investigate the measurement invariance of the consumer‐based brand equity scale across two samples of UK and Spanish consumers.

8791

Abstract

Purpose

This study seeks to investigate the measurement invariance of the consumer‐based brand equity scale across two samples of UK and Spanish consumers.

Design/methodology/approach

Brand equity was conceptualised as a multi‐dimensional concept consisting of brand awareness, perceived quality, brand associations and brand loyalty. To test the brand equity scale cross‐nationally a survey was undertaken in the UK and Spain. Measurement invariance was assessed using multi‐group confirmatory factor analysis.

Findings

The brand equity scale was invariant across the two countries. Results show that the consumer‐based brand equity scale has similar dimensionality and factor structure across countries. In addition, consumers respond to the items of brand equity in the same way, which allows meaningful comparison of scores.

Research limitations/implications

Future research could examine the cross‐national generalisability of the brand equity scale using other countries' products and services.

Practical implications

Given that the brand equity scale is invariant across countries, researchers and international marketing managers can use this instrument to measure and manage brand equity across countries. This is suitable for testing theoretical and conceptual relationships in different national settings and allows managers to design and implement efficient international brand strategies.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the scarce literature testing the cross‐national applicability of consumer‐based brand equity. Furthermore, the research enhances consumer‐based brand equity measurement by using a non‐student sample and including a different type of brand associations and multi‐item measures for all the brand equity dimensions.

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Journal of Product & Brand Management, vol. 17 no. 6
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1061-0421

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Article
Publication date: 25 January 2013

Isabel Buil, Eva Martínez and Leslie de Chernatony

The purpose of this paper is to propose and test a model to better understand brand equity. It seeks to investigate the effects of this construct on consumers ' responses…

22680

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose and test a model to better understand brand equity. It seeks to investigate the effects of this construct on consumers ' responses using data from two European countries.

Design/methodology/approach

Hypotheses were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). Measurement invariance and stability of the model across the two national samples was assessed using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis.

Findings

Results indicate that brand equity dimensions inter-relate. Brand awareness positively impacts perceived quality and brand associations. Brand loyalty is mainly influenced by brand associations. Finally, perceived quality, brand associations and brand loyalty are the main drivers of overall brand equity. Findings also corroborate the positive impact of brand equity on consumers ' responses. In addition, the general framework proposed is found to be empirically robust across the studied countries. Only a few differences are observed.

Research limitations/implications

A limited set of product categories, brands and countries were used.

Practical implications

Findings provide useful guidelines for brand equity management. Managers can complement financial metrics with consumer-based brand equity measures to track brand performance over time and to benchmark against other brands. Building brand equity generates more value for corporations since a more favourable consumer response results from positive brand equity.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the scarce international brand equity literature by testing the proposed model using data from a sample of consumers in two European countries. It also enriches the brand equity literature by empirically examining the relationships among consumer-based brand equity dimensions and its effects on consumers ' responses.

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Journal of Consumer Marketing, vol. 30 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0736-3761

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Article
Publication date: 1 January 2006

Jose M. Pina, Eva Martinez, Leslie de Chernatony and Susan Drury

The main objective of this study is to analyse the influence that service brand extensions have on corporate image.

12514

Abstract

Purpose

The main objective of this study is to analyse the influence that service brand extensions have on corporate image.

Design/methodology/approach

After reviewing the previous literature, a model is proposed and tested that shows how extending a services brand affects the overall corporate image. Statistical analysis of data from a market survey involving actual services brands and hypothetical extensions was undertaken. Structural equation modelling was the main methodology employed.

Findings

It was found that the extent of perceived fit between the corporate brand and the service extension influences the perceived quality of the extension, which in turn affects corporate image, especially for corporate brands that originally had highly rated images.

Research limitations/implications

Given that the study was done with hypothetical brand extensions, the proposed model is not tested in a real situation.

Practical implications

The results offer important implications, both for academics and managers. Through an effective communication policy, the company must increase the perceived fit. The results also suggest directions for further research. For example, it would be interesting to explore how the model works across services categorised on the continuum of search, experience and credence.

Originality/value

In the literature, there are few works analysing the effect of service extensions on corporate image. The research allows the understanding of the concept of corporate image and the role performed by service brand extensions. The proposed model and the estimation with SEM methodology add value to the existing knowledge.

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European Journal of Marketing, vol. 40 no. 1/2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0309-0566

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Article
Publication date: 1 March 1998

Eva Kaltenthaler, C.Jane Morrell, Andrew Booth and Ron L. Akehurst

Diabetic foot ulcers are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality and costs to the NHS. This paper describes a review of publications reporting randomised controlled…

198

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers are associated with considerable morbidity, mortality and costs to the NHS. This paper describes a review of publications reporting randomised controlled trials examining the clinical effectiveness of interventions for diabetic foot ulcers for 1986–1996. Only 23 studies were identified that described randomised controlled trials and, of these, only 4 fulfilled three criteria shown to influence reliability of results: adequate description of randomisation, double blinding and description of withdrawals and drop‐outs. No cost‐effectiveness studies conducted alongside trials were identified from the searches. This shortage of rigorous trials highlights the need for more well designed research in the prevention and treatment of diabetic foot ulcers to determine clinical effectiveness as well as relative cost‐effectiveness.

Details

Journal of Clinical Effectiveness, vol. 3 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1361-5874

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Article
Publication date: 22 February 2008

Eva Martinez, Yolanda Polo and Leslie de Chernatony

The purpose of this paper is to propose and test a model that shows how extending a brand affects the overall brand image. The relations between the relevant variables in brand…

13473

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to propose and test a model that shows how extending a brand affects the overall brand image. The relations between the relevant variables in brand extension strategies in the UK and Spanish markets are analysed to determine if the brand extension strategies have the same effect on brand image.

Design/methodology/approach

An empirical study was conducted in the UK and Spain using structural equation analysis. Two pre‐tests were conducted to select the brands and the extensions.

Findings

Results show that the brand extension strategy dilutes the brand image in both markets. It is found that brand image before extension and fit has positive effects on brand image after extension. The concurrence between the models studied in the two markets suggests that UK and Spanish consumers respond similarly to brand extensions.

Research limitations/implications

The study was only conducted in two countries. Researchers are encouraged to test the model in more countries.

Practical implications

Results suggest that a firm which has a good brand image before the extension will be less at risk when it launches a new product onto the market with the same brand name. Its best market will be those consumers who already know the brand's products and who at the same time perceive a better image of it. The firm should not forget that the closer the extended product is to its core market, the more positive will be its acceptance by consumers, which will translate into a better image evaluation.

Originality/value

The study analyses how extending a brand may affect the parent brand image in global brand.

Details

International Marketing Review, vol. 25 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0265-1335

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Book part
Publication date: 25 November 2019

Loren E. Wilbers

In this chapter, I explore connections between institutional and personal narratives of treating chronic pain with prescription opioids.

Abstract

Purpose

In this chapter, I explore connections between institutional and personal narratives of treating chronic pain with prescription opioids.

Methods/Approach

I explore how stories told in a Food and Drug Administration public hearing construct moral boundaries around different kinds of pain patients and justify a label change intended to reduce prescribing of opioids to people with chronic pain. I then examine how personal narratives, acquired through interviews with chronic pain patients who rely on opioids, both conform to and challenge the institutional narratives told in the hearing and work as subversive stories. Additionally, I consider how institutional and personal narratives of chronic pain shed light on intersections and conflicts between the medical and social models of disability.

Findings

The “invisible disability” experience of chronic pain highlights the complex entanglement between the struggles associated with impairment emphasized by the medical model, and those stemming from cultural and structural barriers emphasized by the social model.

Implications/Value

I conclude with a discussion of the methodological value of examining narratives such as those of chronic pain and disability at multiple levels of social life. This study contributes to efforts to broaden disability discourse to include experiences such as chronic pain that are poorly represented in disability scholarship.

Details

New Narratives of Disability
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83909-144-5

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