Eliška Stránská, David Neděla, Jan Křivčík, Kristýna Weinertová and Natália Václavíková
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of thread count in polyester reinforcing fabric on heterogeneous cation exchange membrane mechanical properties and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of thread count in polyester reinforcing fabric on heterogeneous cation exchange membrane mechanical properties and electrochemical performance.
Design/methodology/approach
Seven polyester fabrics differing in thread count were used for membrane manufacture and mechanical properties such as ultimate force or ultimate strain of all fabrics and membranes were determined. Electrochemical and physical properties of produced membranes were evaluated as well.
Findings
It was found that with increasing weft density ultimate force became greater in the case of fabric and membrane as well. The impact of weft density on ultimate strain was not confirmed but changes in swelling ability mainly in width direction were observed. The assumption of worse electrochemical properties of membranes reinforced by fabric with lower open area was also validated and these membranes exhibited higher areal resistance.
Originality/value
Gained information is a useful tool in design process of new ion exchange membrane types with improved mechanical and swelling properties.
Details
Keywords
Lucie Zárybnická, Eliška Stránská, Kristýna Janegová and Barbora Vydrová
The study aims to focus on the preparation of a heterogeneous cation exchange membrane by a three-dimensional (3D) method – fused filament fabrication using a series of nozzles of…
Abstract
Purpose
The study aims to focus on the preparation of a heterogeneous cation exchange membrane by a three-dimensional (3D) method – fused filament fabrication using a series of nozzles of various diameters (0.4–1.0 mm). Polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) as a polymeric binder was mixed with 50 Wt.% of the selected conventional cation exchange resin, and a filament was prepared using a single screw mini extruder. Then filament was processed by FFF into the membranes with a defined 3D structure.
Design/methodology/approach
Electrochemical properties, morphology, mechanical properties and water absorption properties were tested.
Findings
Dependence of the tested properties on the used nozzle diameter was found. Both areal and specific resistances increased with increasing nozzle diameter. The same trend was also found for permselectivity. The optimal membrane with permselectivity above 90%, areal resistance of 8 O.cm2 and specific resistance of 124 O.cm2 was created using a nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm.
Originality/value
Using new materials for 3D print of cation exchange membrane with production without waste. The possibility of producing 3D membranes with a precisely defined structure and using a cheap 3D printing method. New direction of membrane structure formation. 3D-printed heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared, which can compete with commercial membranes produced by conventional technologies. 3D-printed heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared, which can compete with commercial membranes produced by conventional technologies.
Details
Keywords
Lucie Zarybnicka and Eliska Stranska
This paper aims to focus on the preparation of a cation exchange filament for three-dimensional (3D) fused deposition modeling (FDM). The polymeric binder was mixed with the…
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to focus on the preparation of a cation exchange filament for three-dimensional (3D) fused deposition modeling (FDM). The polymeric binder was mixed with the selected conventional cation exchange resin and a filament was prepared using a mini extruder. Filaments were tested by mechanical properties, chemical properties, quality and melt flow index. Samples were prepared from granulate using a press, which were tested for electrochemical properties, thermal properties. The best result of ion exchange capacity (IEC) up to 3.0 meq/g of the dry matter was achieved with filament fill 65%. Permselectivity results above 90% were determined for 55%–65% filling of the cation exchanger. The results obtained are a promising step for the preparation of 3D printed cation exchange membranes (CEMs) with a defined structure.
Design/methodology/approach
The prepared granulates and filaments were evaluated using mechanical, rheological and thermal properties.
Findings
The prepared cation exchange filament can be used for the 3D printing process. The best result of IEC up to 3.0 meq/g of the dry matter was achieved with filament fill 65%. Permselectivity results above 90% were determined for 55%–65% filling of the cation exchanger, and area resistances 3.0 Ocm2 and specific resistances around 57 Ocm for 65% filling of the cation exchanger. The results obtained are a promising step for the preparation of 3D printed CEMs with a defined structure.
Originality/value
The prepared cation exchange filament. Using new materials for 3D print of cation exchange membrane. Production without waste. The possibility of producing 3D membranes with a precisely defined structure. Processing prepared filaments using a cheap FDM 3D printing method. New direction of membrane formation.