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Naceur Jabnoun and Sofiane Sahraoui
Organization structure has been rather ignored by TQM Gurus. It is not even clear whether a TQM organization is centralized or not. Many companies superimpose their TQM programs…
Abstract
Organization structure has been rather ignored by TQM Gurus. It is not even clear whether a TQM organization is centralized or not. Many companies superimpose their TQM programs on their existing structures overlooking the fact that the success of any organization rests heavily on the compatibility between its strategy and its structure. The absence of a clear perspective on a TQM structure inhibits the effective use of information technology (IT) as a quality enabling factor. This paper presents the main characteristics of a TQM structure and delineates the enabling role of IT for each.
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Joseph Fong, San Kuen Cheung, Herbert Shiu and Chi Chung Cheung
XML Schema Definition (XSD) is in the logical level of XML model and is used in most web applications. At present, there is no standard format for the conceptual level of XML…
Abstract
XML Schema Definition (XSD) is in the logical level of XML model and is used in most web applications. At present, there is no standard format for the conceptual level of XML model. Therefore, we introduce an XML Tree Model as an XML conceptual schema for representing and confirming the data semantics according to the user requirements in a diagram. The XML Tree Model consists of nodes representing all elements within the XSD. We apply reverse engineering from an XSD to an XML Tree Model to assist end users in applying an XML database for information highway on the Internet. The data semantics recovered for visualization include root element, weak elements, participation, cardinality, aggregation, generalization, categorization, and n‐ary association, and which can be derived by analyzing the structural constraints of XSD based on its key features such as key, keyref, minOccurs, maxOccurs, Choice, Sequence and extension. We use the Eclipse user interface for generating a graphical view for XML conceptual schema.
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Earliest localism was sited on a tree or hill or ford, crossroads or whenceways, where people assembled to talk, (Sax. witan), or trade, (Sax. staple), in eggs, fowl, fish or…
Abstract
Earliest localism was sited on a tree or hill or ford, crossroads or whenceways, where people assembled to talk, (Sax. witan), or trade, (Sax. staple), in eggs, fowl, fish or faggots. From such primitive beginnings many a great city has grown. Settlements and society brought changes; appointed headmen and officials, a cloak of legality, uplifted hands holding “men to witness”. Institutions tend to decay and many of these early forms passed away, but not the principle vital to the system. The parish an ecclesiastical institution, had no place until Saxons, originally heathens, became Christians and time came when Church, cottage and inn filled the lives of men, a state of localism in affairs which endured for centuries. The feudal system decayed and the vestry became the seat of local government. The novels of Thomas Hardy—and English literature boasts of no finer descriptions of life as it once was—depict this authority and the awe in which his smocked countrymen stood of “the vicar in his vestry”. The plague freed serfs and bondsmen, but events, such as the Poor Law of 1601, if anything, revived the parish as the organ of local government, but gradually secular and ecclesiastical aspects were divided and the great population explosion of the eighteenth century created necessity for subdivision of areas, which continued to serve the principle of localism however. The ballot box completed the eclipse of Church; it changed concepts of localism but not its importance in government.
A RECENT ‘Dixon of Dock Green’ television episode portrayed a Time and Motion consultant in a very unfavourable light. The script writers did not attempt to explain his work…
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A RECENT ‘Dixon of Dock Green’ television episode portrayed a Time and Motion consultant in a very unfavourable light. The script writers did not attempt to explain his work, being too intent on creating credible circumstances for an attempted murder. All they needed was to build up a situation which made the workers' hostility to his activities obvious. It is to be hoped that homicide is not now an added occupational risk of consultants or Work Study men!
A MAJOR transport problem is the rush‐hour traffic. On London's Underground, the morning and more particularly the evening rush‐hour crowds are dense and unless officials at a…
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A MAJOR transport problem is the rush‐hour traffic. On London's Underground, the morning and more particularly the evening rush‐hour crowds are dense and unless officials at a station are aware of, or can anticipate, the position at any time the situation can arise where departures of trains are delayed and time‐tables are upset.
The problems of achieving accurate temperature profiles in large scale and difficult environments like paint manufacture, are solved by the Distributed Temperature Sensor (DTS…
MISS ANNE SHAW's presence on the platform at the annual general meeting of the Management Consultants Association was a solid assurance that work study still lies within its…
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MISS ANNE SHAW's presence on the platform at the annual general meeting of the Management Consultants Association was a solid assurance that work study still lies within its scope. The initial impression was weakened, however, when the chairman, Mr. D. J. Nicolson, mentioned that the bulk of consultancy work was no longer concerned with work study. Instead, it gave more than half its attention to policymaking and the broad aspects of organising financial, manufacturing and marketing resources.
BASF Lacke + Farben AG, Muenster (Federal Republic of Germany) and Tanabe Chemical Industries Co Ltd., Osaka (Japan) have established a joint company for the sale of OEM…
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BASF Lacke + Farben AG, Muenster (Federal Republic of Germany) and Tanabe Chemical Industries Co Ltd., Osaka (Japan) have established a joint company for the sale of OEM automotive paints. THe agreement was signed in Osaka by Hrimata Tanabe, President of Tanabe Chemical Industries, and Dr Juergen F Kammer, member of the Board of BASF Lacke + Farben AG.
THE improvement in the British standard of living is generally desired. Politicians have not only subscribed to that ideal but some of them have indicated the rate at which we…
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THE improvement in the British standard of living is generally desired. Politicians have not only subscribed to that ideal but some of them have indicated the rate at which we should advance. There are, however, certain trends in the country's economic life which must be reversed if we are to make any progress in that direction.