The aim of this paper is to explore the development of the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM) and to map the foundation that specific individuals, historical…
Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this paper is to explore the development of the North American Society for Sport Management (NASSM) and to map the foundation that specific individuals, historical works, and historians provided the founders of that organization and the field of sport management in general. The paper also aims to track the early beginnings of sport management and present sport as a viable area for business and management historians to conduct their research and discuss theory.
Design/methodology/approach
Following the initial work started by deWilde et al., this study drew on a wide range of primary and secondary sources and took an antiquarian and reconstructionist approach. Specifically, time-specific sport-related/focused dissertations, research articles, and archives from NASSM, along with published books and archives, were used to work toward the purpose of the study.
Findings
This paper illustrates that some of the critical founding members of sport management and NASSM drew upon the training of historians, with special emphasis from business history, and reacted to specific prompts to create the field (i.e. sport management). “History” and trained historians directly impacted the field of sport management by helping to establish NASSM, the Journal of Sport Management, and graduate study programs, in addition to fashioning the first field accreditation standards and seminal textbooks needed to educate the generalist or specialist sport management student.
Research limitations/implications
This research only tracks the beginnings of sport management and focuses on the contribution of “history” toward its development. This work recognizes there were other influences that were critical to the development of sport management.
Practical implications
Over time, sport management scholars have moved away from their small historical base and more toward true quantitative preferences. While this has helped the field gain some respectability within contemporary preferences, the re-utilization of historical methods and/or perspectives can help serve the future of sport management and business/management history research toward the study of emerging topics. Through collaboration sport management's leadership can realize the potential of the historical approach/orientation and management historians can enjoy another outlet to communicate their thoughts regarding management topics and theories.
Originality/value
The paper highlights that sport is rich in context and available to use for the study of management theory and behaviors.
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Keywords
Sound administrative theory and research may ultimately provide the knowledge whereby administrative leaders in education can function most effectively. Such knowledge will never…
Abstract
Sound administrative theory and research may ultimately provide the knowledge whereby administrative leaders in education can function most effectively. Such knowledge will never tell us, however, whether it is desirable to take a particular administrative action in any society at any time. Thus, an administrator should understand his personal philosophical foundations and value system, and do his best to construct a philosophical position that is as consistent and logical as possible. Five such positions, reconstructionism, experimentalism, idealism, realism, and existentialism, can serve as guidelines. Each position, whether it is basically progressivistic or essentialistic, has a reasonably distinct approach to the nature of reality, educational aims and objectives, and the educative process. The development of language analysis as philosophy's most important contribution to man is discussed briefly. A self‐evaluation check list has been developed, which may be employed by an administrator to assess his present philosophy of educational administration.
This paper continues discussion about the philosophy of educational administration and includes what the writer suggests is a reasonable basis for such a philosophy. The writer…
Abstract
This paper continues discussion about the philosophy of educational administration and includes what the writer suggests is a reasonable basis for such a philosophy. The writer starts from positions stated in past publications of the Journal of Educational Administration written about the same subject. C.G. Austin and E.F. Zeigler, contributors to previous Journal issues, are quoted and their views supported. The writer of the article extends their contributions with a presentation of E.J. Carnell's concept of rectitude as a necessary ingredient in the administrative process. The author treats theory in the context of mere explanation suggesting that the theory‐practice dichotomy is due to theory's exclusion of key ingredients. Further, quality administration, it is stated, must be based on culturally recognized Tightness. If this key ingredient is omitted the quality of educational administration in particular will suffer and continue to be based upon political considerations. In the article philosophy is presented as a scientific and a normative discipline which lays the foundation of scientific methods of investigation. Thus, in terms of theoretical development, it is imperative to consider and include philosophic concepts at the base, and primarily, concepts which are culturally based. An extension of this discussion includes the issue of legitimacy. In this, J. Habermas is quoted on the mismatch of theory to practice, with the consequent deterioration of legitimacy. The distinction between legal and rightful legitimacy is discussed suggesting support of the concept of cultural rectitude in administration.
But if, my heart, you would speak of prizes won in the Games, look no more for another bright star by day in the empty sky more warming than the sun, nor shall we name any…
Abstract
But if, my heart, you would speak of prizes won in the Games, look no more for another bright star by day in the empty sky more warming than the sun, nor shall we name any gathering greater than the Olympian.
Jennifer Slattery and Brenda G. Pitts
The purpose of this study was to examine the level of sponsorship awareness of season ticket holders and the change in the awareness over the duration of one American collegiate…
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the level of sponsorship awareness of season ticket holders and the change in the awareness over the duration of one American collegiate football season through a sponsorship recall survey. The results showed that there were increases in the recall rates for eight of the nine actual sponsor companies used in the study from the beginning to the end of the season; however, only three of these differences were statistically significant.
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Calvin Nite and John N. Singer
The academic discipline and field of sport management has become a legitimate area through which scholarship and theory development can impact sport populations. Yet it has been…
Abstract
Purpose
The academic discipline and field of sport management has become a legitimate area through which scholarship and theory development can impact sport populations. Yet it has been suggested that sport management journal articles are read by less than one percent of the population. Though it is important to build the theoretical knowledge base of the field, it could be viewed as irresponsible to not search for insightful ways to engage sport practitioners and participants with sport management research. The purpose of this paper is to argue for the use of qualitative research as a “research as praxis” in the field of sport management.
Design/methodology/approach
First, the authors provide a brief, critical commentary on the research process and what impact “academic” research is (or should be) having outside of the academy. Then, the authors briefly discuss the significance of qualitative research in the academy in general, concluding with a discussion of some implications for sport management research and education.
Findings
The authors emphasize the role that various forms of qualitative inquiry play in connecting researchers with study populations, in efforts to empower them, and ultimately, bring about social change.
Originality/value
The paper should stimulate critical thought and dialogue among sport management scholars.
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Jae-Pil Ha, Mary Hums and T. Christopher Greenwell
Despite the remarkable economic power and rapid growth of the Asian population in the USA, relatively little attention has been paid to this group in the sport management…
Abstract
Purpose
Despite the remarkable economic power and rapid growth of the Asian population in the USA, relatively little attention has been paid to this group in the sport management literature compared to African-Americans and Hispanics. In addition, sport management scholars have paid limited attention to two important cultural factors: ethnic identity and acculturation. The paper aims to discuss this issue.
Design/methodology/approach
This study attempted to examine a comprehensive sport consumption model for Asians by testing theoretical relationships between these two cultural factors (ethnic identity and acculturation), fan identification, and sport consumption behavior.
Findings
The structural equation modeling results indicated that ethnic identity indirectly affected consumption of sport products reflecting attributes of a native country, e.g. ethnic player popular sports in a native country through identification with the sport products. In contrast acculturation indirectly affected consumption of sport products reflecting attributes of a host country, e.g. popular sports in a host country.
Originality/value
The results of this study provide implications on how sport marketers should effectively design sport products based on the Asians’ levels of acculturation and ethnic identity.
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Padmavathy Dhillon, Bharatendu Nath Srivastava and Chetan Joshi
This study aims to investigate the circumstances where the positive influences of leader’s self-confidence are weakened in situations of conflict management (CM) arising due to…
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the circumstances where the positive influences of leader’s self-confidence are weakened in situations of conflict management (CM) arising due to innovation implementation. Specifically, this study tests the moderating influence of financial slack, internal opposition posturing and performance feedback on the relationship between self-confidence and conflict management styles (CMS). The findings are not complete.
Design/methodology/approach
This experimental study was conducted in two stages: In Stage 1, the authors studied moderating effects of financial slack (sound/unsound) and internal opposition posture (encouraging/ discouraging) on the relationship between leader’s self-confidence and CMS, namely, dominating, integrating and avoiding. In Stage 2, the authors studied the moderating effect of performance feedback (success/failure) on the relationship between leader’s self-confidence and three CMS. Data were collected from 268 senior-level Indian managers in Stage 1, out of which 235 managers also responded in Stage 2. These participants assumed the positions of chief executive officers (CEOs) within major Indian manufacturer specializing in electrical components, enabling us to empirically test the proposed model. Furthermore, a qualitative analysis of 10 semistructured interviews with Indian CEOs were conducted to enrich the discussion of the results.
Findings
Leader’s self-confidence determined the three CMS with highly self-confident leaders displaying irrational behavior in persisting with innovation through dominating style. Internal opposition posture and performance feedback exerted main effects on dominating style.
Research limitations/implications
This study supports behavioral decision theory of firm and escalation of commitment theory.
Practical implications
This study underscores the need for personality and self-awareness training amongst senior managers to mitigate irrational behavior due to excessive self-confidence and enhanced effective CM.
Originality/value
This study identifies a crucial boundary condition where high self-confidence in innovation implementation may lead to irrational behavior and ineffective CM.