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Article
Publication date: 1 January 1986

E.T. Eisenmann

Based on new data insulation resistance tests have little capacity to predict the life performance of double‐sided rigid printed wiring boards. This conclusion arises from an…

21

Abstract

Based on new data insulation resistance tests have little capacity to predict the life performance of double‐sided rigid printed wiring boards. This conclusion arises from an elaborate insulation resistance evaluation after 2300 hours of accelerated life testing. The study considers the effects of two sources of contamination and five material combinations on the initial insulation resistance at 23°C and 90% RH. Life test samples were exposed to four levels of humidity and three levels of temperature. Using 1 Megohm as failure criterion there are clear‐cut effects of humidity, temperature and material combination, but there is only a weak correlation between failures and the initial insulation resistance.

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Circuit World, vol. 12 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Publication date: 24 May 2017

Paul Jones, Robert Newbery and Philip Underwood

This study considers the impact of an experiential visual-based learning pedagogy on students undertaking a business start-up module. The current undergraduate student is…

Abstract

This study considers the impact of an experiential visual-based learning pedagogy on students undertaking a business start-up module. The current undergraduate student is different with a dependency culture on a range of electronic media (e.g. mobile phone, laptop, tablets) underpinning their existence. The term ‘digitally demanding’ has been coined to describe such individuals. Such individuals think and act in a different way expecting immediate personal solutions to problems they encounter. Thus, there is a need to challenge their mindsets and thought processes to think in a creative and innovative manner to identify appropriate decisions. Educational pedagogy requires a significant mind shift to create enterprising and creative individuals for the modern organisation. The focus of this study is upon enabling students to develop a valid and robust business idea through use of visual learning methods that is described here as ‘rapid entrepreneurial action’.

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Entrepreneurship Education
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78714-280-0

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Article
Publication date: 8 January 2020

Diego Souza Silva, Antonio Ghezzi, Rafael Barbosa de Aguiar, Marcelo Nogueira Cortimiglia and Carla Schwengber ten Caten

Startups have attracted increased attention over the past years. While entrepreneurs develop startups to capture new business opportunities, also large companies are turning to…

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Abstract

Purpose

Startups have attracted increased attention over the past years. While entrepreneurs develop startups to capture new business opportunities, also large companies are turning to these fast-growing organizations in efforts to become more agile. However, managing business model innovation and validation is challenging. A number of methodologies, like the Lean Startup (LS), emerged to reduce uncertainties concerning innovation-based projects, and to contribute to business model validation. Despite its popularity, the literature on the LS and its key underpinnings (Agile Methodologies and Customer Development) is sparse, lacking an integrated and structured analysis of their impacts and potentialities. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a comprehensive systematic literature review on the topic fully analyzing a final set of 71 papers.

Findings

There is a turning point in the research stream’s maturity with publications in conferences and major journals, with the predominance of empirical investigations in the European region. Articles on the topic are on the rise in several technology fields. However, the literature on the subject falls short on providing guidance to assist practitioners and scholars on the adoption and investigation of these methodologies.

Practical implications

The paper provides guidance for practice by presenting a staircase roadmap for the LS implementation drawing from the final set of papers reviewed.

Originality/value

The study categorizes the current literature through a concept map, and offers a structured research agenda beyond the categories from the thematic analysis.

Details

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 26 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2554

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Article
Publication date: 8 March 2021

Diego Souza Silva, Antonio Ghezzi, Rafael Barbosa de Aguiar, Marcelo Nogueira Cortimiglia and Carla Schwengber ten Caten

Most studies investigating the adoption of lean startup (LS) practices by technology new ventures focus on software startups in mature entrepreneurial ecosystems and disregard…

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Abstract

Purpose

Most studies investigating the adoption of lean startup (LS) practices by technology new ventures focus on software startups in mature entrepreneurial ecosystems and disregard their applicability for opportunity exploitation in other technological backgrounds. This study contributes to this research stream by exploring how Brazilian technology new ventures (in different technological fields) tentatively adopt LS to exploit opportunities and whether LS is suitable to their emerging economy context.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors adopt an exploratory multiple-case study based on qualitative data collection and analysis of nine Brazilian biotechnology, engineering and software startups.

Findings

The study shows how technology new ventures tackle the activities of opportunity exploitation – namely, developing a product or service, acquiring human resources, gathering financial resources and setting up the organization – by leveraging LS tools and practices for business model validation; also, it identifies six contextual constraints hindering the systematic adoption of LS and reveals how technology new ventures cope with such constraints in their early stages by integrating LS with complementary strategies and practices. Furthermore, the study reveals that the systematic and comprehensive adoption of LS nurtures the development of an entrepreneurial experimental capability to explore opportunities in a quasi-scientific and hypothesis-driven fashion.

Originality/value

The study investigates how Brazilian engineering, biotechnology and software startups exploit opportunities and overcome constraints to business model validation through the combined adoption of LS and complementary strategies and practices and provides a set of propositions to guide future research.

Details

International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, vol. 27 no. 4
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1355-2554

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Article
Publication date: 10 August 2018

Rafael Fazzi Bortolini, Marcelo Nogueira Cortimiglia, Angela de Moura Ferreira Danilevicz and Antonio Ghezzi

The primary goal of a startup is to find a viable business model that can generate value for its customers while being effectively captured by the startup itself. This business…

12543

Abstract

Purpose

The primary goal of a startup is to find a viable business model that can generate value for its customers while being effectively captured by the startup itself. This business model, however, is not easily defined, being a consequence of the application of tools involving trials, data analyses and testing. The Lean Startup (LS) methodology proposes a process for agile and iterative validation of business models. Given the popularity and importance of such methodology in professional circles, the purpose of this paper is to conduct a historical literature review of existing academic and professional literature, correlating LS concepts and activities to previous theory and alternative business model validation methods.

Design/methodology/approach

A historically oriented systematic literature review employing snowball sampling was conducted in order to identify academic and professional literature and references for iterative validation of business models. A total of 12 scholarly journals and professional magazines dealing with strategy, innovation, entrepreneurship, startups and management were used as data sources. The extensive literature review resulted in 963 exploratory readings and 118 papers fully analyzed.

Findings

The results position the LS as a practical-oriented and up-to-date implementation of strategies based on the Learning School of strategy making and the effectuation approach to entrepreneurship; the authors also identify a number of methods and tools that can complement the LS principles.

Originality/value

This paper identified and synthesized the scientific, academic and professional foundations that precede, support and complement the main concepts, processes and methods advocated by the LS methodology.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 59 no. 8
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

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Article
Publication date: 28 February 2023

Dale T. Eesley, Yukti Sharma, Ramendra Singh and Birud Sindhav

Entrepreneurship literature recognizes the founder’s involvement as a salient factor in determining the success of startups. Nevertheless, its role in conjunction with the…

375

Abstract

Purpose

Entrepreneurship literature recognizes the founder’s involvement as a salient factor in determining the success of startups. Nevertheless, its role in conjunction with the marketing roles of founders has been relatively unexplored. Very little is known about how founder’s involvement in marketing tasks (i.e. developing products, sales and customers) helps attain success in early startups. To fill this knowledge gap, this study aims to qualitatively investigate the founder’s involvement under three vital functional areas (i.e. sales, customer development and product development) and also explain their entwined nature of the relationship as the early-stage startups grow to become a scalable businesses.

Design/methodology/approach

This study used purposive sampling for conducting in-depth interviews with 11 startup founders in the midwestern city of the USA. A constant comparative method was used to code the interview transcripts, while juxtaposing them with extant literature.

Findings

Using three levels of axial coding, this study identified 32 descriptive codes, 11 aggregate codes and 2 interpretive codes. Following this, the authors present five propositions that illustrate the relationship between founders’ involvement, customer development, product development and sales.

Practical implications

This study offers guidelines to founders on how they could generate initial sales, identify early customers and build and sustain mutually beneficial relationships with them.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the extant literature on entrepreneurship and innovation literature. It presents motivation and potential processes, including systematic activities performed by founders in generating sales in conjunction with customer development and product development, thereby making a novel contribution.

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Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, vol. 25 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1471-5201

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Article
Publication date: 1 April 1985

The subject of the meeting on 20 June was ‘Numerically Controlled Routing’. Dave Dosier, of Paul Dosier Associates, explained how important it is to maximise programming and…

29

Abstract

The subject of the meeting on 20 June was ‘Numerically Controlled Routing’. Dave Dosier, of Paul Dosier Associates, explained how important it is to maximise programming and routing equipment. Former dusty, noisy fabrication rooms are now humming with NC equipment.

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Circuit World, vol. 12 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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Article
Publication date: 13 September 2022

Iwan Iwut Tritoasmoro, Udisubakti Ciptomulyono, Wawan Dhewanto and Tatang Akhmad Taufik

This paper aims to investigate the effect of business incubation metrics based on an adaptation of the lean start-up (LS) framework on start-up survival after incubation. This…

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Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to investigate the effect of business incubation metrics based on an adaptation of the lean start-up (LS) framework on start-up survival after incubation. This study also analyzes the obstacles in implementing the LS framework as incubation metrics.

Design/methodology/approach

This study uses mixed methods. Quantitative research using multiple linear regression was applied to the data of 30 start-ups incubated at Bandung Techno Park for the 2014–2017 period and survival tracking data after the incubation. A qualitative approach to complete the explanatory work was conducted through in-depth interviews with 12 respondents, including start-up graduates from the incubation program, program managers and mentors.

Findings

This study confirms that several LS incubation metrics significantly affect start-up sustainability after incubation. In addition, this study also explains several problems in applying the LS discipline that needs attention to increase incubation success.

Research limitations/implications

Research was conducted only at one technology business incubator (TBI) model that focuses on digital start-ups in the emerging ecosystem. Research results can be biased in different situations and ecosystems.

Practical implications

The explanation of the relationship of LS-based incubation metrics to the survival of start-ups, as well as the challenges of their implementation, can be a reference for TBI management to consider and prioritize intervention strategies, thereby improving TBI’s business processes and increasing the success rate of incubated start-ups.

Social implications

The creation of university start-ups and spin-offs has become a key performance indicator mandatory for technology universities in Indonesia. The existence of TBI institutions in universities as channels of technology commercialization is essential. The incubator’s success in creating a new technology-based company will have a significant social impact on the surrounding environment.

Originality/value

Although the LS method is popular in start-up communities and among practitioners, it is rarely used in the incubation process at universities. These results can be considered for university TBIs to explore LS as an incubation management tool to increase the success rate of incubated start-ups.

Details

Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management, vol. 15 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 2053-4620

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Article
Publication date: 4 June 2024

Yaowu Sun and Yiting Zhou

With the widespread penetration of digital technologies, disruptive innovation is not developed by a single firm but is increasingly achieved by an ecosystem. However, limited…

371

Abstract

Purpose

With the widespread penetration of digital technologies, disruptive innovation is not developed by a single firm but is increasingly achieved by an ecosystem. However, limited research has examined the mechanisms involved in achieving disruptive innovation in the context of digitalization and ecosystems. To address this gap, we explore the impact of three dimensions of specialized complementary assets (SCAs) within the innovation ecosystem, human capital SCA (HCSCA), production SCA (PSCA) and marketing SCA (MSCA), on disruptive innovation in core firms through the mediation of digital capability, comprising digital operation capability (DOC) and digital resource collaborative capability (DRCC). Furthermore, innovation ecosystem embeddedness is examined as a moderator between digital capability and disruptive innovation.

Design/methodology/approach

Survey data were collected from 234 core firms in China’s high-tech industry. Hierarchical regression, AMOS, and PROCESS tools were used to examine the data.

Findings

The results reveal the following: (1) HCSCA and PSCA positively affect disruptive innovation, while MSCA is negatively correlated with disruptive innovation. (2) Digital capability mediates the relationship between HCSCA and disruptive innovation, as well as PSCA and disruptive innovation. However, it suppresses the negative impact of MSCA on disruptive innovation. (3) Innovation ecosystem embeddedness strengthens the influence of DOC on disruptive innovation, but weakens the influence of DRCC on disruptive innovation.

Originality/value

The findings advance the knowledge of disruptive innovation, SCAs within the innovation ecosystem, digital capability and innovation ecosystem embeddedness. They also provide practical insights into the effective implementation of disruptive innovation.

Details

Management Decision, vol. 62 no. 11
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0025-1747

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1990

G.J. Andrews

‘No clean’ fluxes (NCFs) have been in existence for a few years now. The initial claimed advantages of these fluxes were that post flow soldering cleaning would not be required…

28

Abstract

‘No clean’ fluxes (NCFs) have been in existence for a few years now. The initial claimed advantages of these fluxes were that post flow soldering cleaning would not be required, therefore a substantial cost‐reduction could be obtained in terms of no cleaning plant or cleaning solvent being necessary, and a consequent reduction in floor space requirements. Latterly, the restrictions to be placed on the manufacture of CFCs (the major flux cleaning solvent) via the Montreal Protocol have given these NCFs a much higher level of prominence. The advantages claimed for NCFs are very attractive; however, the fluxes represent a considerable technology shift from the conventional high solids rosin type fluxes which have been successfully used for many years. Probably the most important questions to be raised when considering their use are: ‘Will any remaining residue be corrosive and will the long‐term reliability of the printed circuit boards be affected?’ This paper sets out to address the following issues: (a) A definition of corrosion and long‐term reliability and what it means in practical terms, (b) an understanding of the basic formulation of NCFs and (c) evaluation and selection of test methods to establish confidence that corrosion and reduction in long‐term reliability, as described in (a), will not occur.

Details

Circuit World, vol. 16 no. 3
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0305-6120

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