Soo-Hoon Lee, Thomas W. Lee and Phillip H. Phan
Workplace voice is well-established and encompasses behaviors such as prosocial voice, informal complaints, grievance filing, and whistleblowing, and it focuses on interactions…
Abstract
Workplace voice is well-established and encompasses behaviors such as prosocial voice, informal complaints, grievance filing, and whistleblowing, and it focuses on interactions between the employee and supervisor or the employee and the organizational collective. In contrast, our chapter focuses on employee prosocial advocacy voice (PAV), which the authors define as prosocial voice behaviors aimed at preventing harm or promoting constructive changes by advocating on behalf of others. In the context of a healthcare organization, low quality and unsafe patient care are salient and objectionable states in which voice can motivate actions on behalf of the patient to improve information exchanges, governance, and outreach activities for safer outcomes. The authors draw from the theory and research on responsibility to intersect with theories on information processing, accountability, and stakeholders that operate through voice between the employee-patient, employee-coworker, and employee-profession, respectively, to propose a model of PAV in patient-centered healthcare. The authors complete the model by suggesting intervening influences and barriers to PAV that may affect patient-centered outcomes.
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THE design of aircraft instruments is a highly specialized art, and unless the principles are well understood a great wastage of time and money can occur before a successful…
Abstract
THE design of aircraft instruments is a highly specialized art, and unless the principles are well understood a great wastage of time and money can occur before a successful instrument is evolved. The reasons for this will be clear after a consideration of the conditions which must bo satisfied to ensure useful service. These may be summarized under the following headings:—
This paper discusses the formal organization of the school in order to arrive at ways in which schools might be organized for the fuller development of children. Accepting that…
Abstract
This paper discusses the formal organization of the school in order to arrive at ways in which schools might be organized for the fuller development of children. Accepting that the key figure in school organization is the principal who must therefore provide proper leadership, it examines some leaderships styles and indicates that the participative principal is generally to be preferred. School children's perception of various aspects of school organization—rules, discipline and punishment, staff‐pupil relationships—is then discussed. A humanistic organization is then put forward with suggestions as to its implementation.
THERE have been two previous James Forrest Lectures dealing with aeronautics. In 1912, Mr. Mallock addressed this Institution on “Aerial Flight,” and in 1914, Dr. Lanchcster took…
Abstract
THERE have been two previous James Forrest Lectures dealing with aeronautics. In 1912, Mr. Mallock addressed this Institution on “Aerial Flight,” and in 1914, Dr. Lanchcster took as his subject “The Flying‐Machine from an Engineering Standpoint.”
Reports a study of seven headteachers from public schools inBarbados during the period March‐June 1984. Presents the results of thestudy, which include: headteachers see their…
Abstract
Reports a study of seven headteachers from public schools in Barbados during the period March‐June 1984. Presents the results of the study, which include: headteachers see their role in creating good interpersonal relationships and purposeful climates as a very important one. They are seriously concerned about student discipline, control and order. Evidence of great discontinuity between their role conceptions and performance was found. The headteachers experienced feelings of powerlessness and ambiguity as a result of being controlled by policies and rules from a central body. These caused some degree of frustration and elements of formalism but there was no evidence of alienation or despair.
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PROGRESS in most branches of engineering has been dependent upon model tests, and in no branch has the testing of models been of greater importance than in that of aeronautics…
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PROGRESS in most branches of engineering has been dependent upon model tests, and in no branch has the testing of models been of greater importance than in that of aeronautics. The earliest flights were made on models; and after the first successful flight of the full‐sized aeroplane, the development of aircraft to their present state of efficiency has been bound up, at every step, with the information obtained from model tests.
Hian Chye Koh and Teck Meng Tan
Investigates the factors affecting student evaluation of teaching (SET). A total of 170 teaching evaluations conducted at the Nanyang Business School (Singapore) were analysed by…
Abstract
Investigates the factors affecting student evaluation of teaching (SET). A total of 170 teaching evaluations conducted at the Nanyang Business School (Singapore) were analysed by regressing the overall teaching index on the following variables: subject characteristics (stream, year and type), class characteristics (format, size, time and day), evaluation characteristics (response, time and day), and teacher characteristics (age, gender and rank). Indicates that better teaching evaluation is associated with a smaller class size and a larger number of evaluation responses. Also, teachers of middle‐level subjects receive relatively poorer SET results. Further, SET administered in the later part of the week attract better student evaluation. Finds that teacher characteristics have no significant impact on SET results. Confirms the existence of potential biasing factors, hence, SET should be used with caution and not be the only method of evaluating teachers.
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Donald E. Newton and Brian H. Kleiner
Compares the doctrine of termination at will with the doctrine of termination for just cause. Looks at recent law to justify the current position. Suggests that employers need to…
Abstract
Compares the doctrine of termination at will with the doctrine of termination for just cause. Looks at recent law to justify the current position. Suggests that employers need to create written policies to protect themselves and train line management in their consistent and fair use. Provides some brief case law examples. Considers the pitfalls from use of advertisements, employment applications, offer letter, word of mouth and employee manuals. Looks also at the subject of general releases.
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The purpose of this research study was to examine the role perceptions of superintendents and their supervisors in Palestine regarding the roles and training needs of…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this research study was to examine the role perceptions of superintendents and their supervisors in Palestine regarding the roles and training needs of superintendents. It was part of a larger study conducted by the Department of Administration and Educational Leadership at Teachers College, Columbia University.
Design/methodology/approach
A grounded theory approach was used in this study. Data were collected by interviewing 16 superintendents and four general directors using guided qualitative interviews, in addition to examining Ministry of Education documents and archival data.
Findings
The grounded theory approach analysis revealed that superintendents and general directors held variant perceptions regarding the roles and training needs of superintendents. Most superintendents felt they were ill prepared for the job and had to rely on the Ministry of Education for support and direction. They perceived their role as a combination of educational managers and educational leaders. Their supervisors, however, perceived them as keepers of the status quo. The findings showed that superintendents in countries similar to Palestine (newly emerging) appear to experience problems similar to their counterparts in other transitional societies.
Originality/value
The findings of this research are important to new educational systems. It shows clearly the difficulties experienced by superintendents in a newly emerging system. Furthermore, superintendents in such systems may require training needs different than their counterparts in developed systems. The findings are discussed in terms of their relevancy and contributions to educational leadership theory.
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One of the most pressing problems of our times is the supply of adequate quantities of drinking water in areas not bestowed with abundant natural resources. Studies have shown the…
Abstract
One of the most pressing problems of our times is the supply of adequate quantities of drinking water in areas not bestowed with abundant natural resources. Studies have shown the desalting of seawater to be economically sound for certain localities. Of all the available methods, the multi‐stage flash distillation is a proven method. The MSF type desalination plants may be operated independently (single purpose) or linked to power stations (dual purpose). In the MSF type desalination plants, the largest single item of cost is heat exchanger tubes. Design studies have shown that about one‐tenth of a square foot of condensing surface is required to produce one gallon of fresh water per day. For a combined capacity of one billion gallons per day at ¼ sq. ft. of tube, a tube length of 80,000 miles would be required. In MSF type desalination plants, the initial capital cost swallows up to 33% of the money, operating costs about 21% and the remaining 26% goes on power. The colossal amount of heat exchanger surface required in MSF type plants makes it mandatory to investigate new condenser tube materials which may provide ease of fabrication, maximise economy and be abundantly available.