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Book part
Publication date: 12 October 2015

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Inquiry-Based Learning for Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (Stem) Programs: A Conceptual and Practical Resource for Educators
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78441-850-2

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Book part
Publication date: 16 November 2016

Sanghamitra Bandyopadhyay

In this paper, I examine the concept of ‘vulnerability’ within the context of income mobility of the poor. While the concept of poverty is well developed, the concept of…

Abstract

In this paper, I examine the concept of ‘vulnerability’ within the context of income mobility of the poor. While the concept of poverty is well developed, the concept of vulnerability is less established in the economic literature. I test for the dynamics of vulnerable households in the United Kingdom using Waves 1–12 of the British Household Panel Survey and find that, of three different types of risks for which I test, household-specific shocks and economy-wide aggregate shocks have the greatest impact on consumption, in comparison to shocks to the income stream. I find vulnerable households up to at least 10 percentile points above the poverty line. Savings and earnings from a second job are not significantly associated with smoothing consumption of all vulnerable households. The results strongly indicate that income transfers and benefits assist the vulnerable in smoothing consumption. Thus, traditional poverty alleviating policies are not likely to assist the vulnerable.

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Inequality after the 20th Century: Papers from the Sixth ECINEQ Meeting
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-78560-993-0

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Book part
Publication date: 21 October 2019

Michael J. Papa and Wendy H. Papa

The conflict in Darfur reached crisis proportions in 2003 when rebel groups began to attack Government of Sudan forces. These attacks were motivated by years of neglect by the…

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The conflict in Darfur reached crisis proportions in 2003 when rebel groups began to attack Government of Sudan forces. These attacks were motivated by years of neglect by the government and by political polarization of the area. Despite ceasefires and peace talks, the violence continues in 2018. This essay examined the crisis in Darfur from the perspective of social structure. Three social structures were identified: global climate change, race, and gender. Although there are significant complexities associated with these three social structures, possible paths to agency for the people of Darfur are discussed.

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Conflict and Forced Migration
Type: Book
ISBN: 978-1-83867-394-9

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1996

Emma J.E. Jenkins and Carol Jones

Osteoporosis, defined as abnormally low bone density, results in increased risk of fractures with consequent increase in morbidity and mortality. An important determinant of…

605

Abstract

Osteoporosis, defined as abnormally low bone density, results in increased risk of fractures with consequent increase in morbidity and mortality. An important determinant of age‐related fractures is low bone density. Current public health strategies aim to maximize bone mass in elderly people, yet the bone mass obtained in the first three decades of life is a major determinant of bone mass later. Up to half the variation in peak adult bone mass among women is non‐genetic and is influenced by lifestyle factors such as physical activity, calcium nutrition and sex hormone status. These factors were studied in surveys of a school age population of girls in Bournemouth. Using a seven‐day dietary diary, the mean daily calcium intake of 11‐12 year olds was calculated as 692.9mg (SD 209.91mg). Of the total population surveyed, 14.6 per cent had calcium intakes below the UK dietary reference values. Up to 1,500mg calcium per day in adolescence has been recommended to increase peak bone mineral density. Weight bearing activity accounted for approximately 16 per cent of daily activities. Additional information was collected on perception of body weight and dieting habits. An osteoporosis prevention health education package was produced for local teenage school children with the message that “It Pays to Look after Your Bones!” by promoting calcium nutrition and exercise.

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Nutrition & Food Science, vol. 96 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0034-6659

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1987

dr. H. Leo Theuns

In many Third World countries tourism is an economic activity the importance of which can hardly be ignored 1). Thus it is obvious that the governments of those countries, besides…

249

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In many Third World countries tourism is an economic activity the importance of which can hardly be ignored 1). Thus it is obvious that the governments of those countries, besides paying attention to the usual sectors such as agriculture, industry, mining, transport and communication, public health and hygiene and education, should also engage in sectoral programs with regard to tourism. Since “a sector comprises, for the most part, the producing or operating units in the economy that share a common function or output” 2), tourism lays claim to a sectoral approach. In tourism there clearly exists a common function of activities, comprising both Services and production of goods ‐Pertot speaks of a mixed commodity‐service exchange 3) — for the sake of the tourist. The separate activities together constitute the compound tourist product.

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The Tourist Review, vol. 42 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0251-3102

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Article
Publication date: 1 February 1998

Bruce Curry and Michael J Peel

Neural Network (NN) simulation models are being increasingly utilised in the business and management fields as forecasting, pattern recognition and classification tools. Their…

177

Abstract

Neural Network (NN) simulation models are being increasingly utilised in the business and management fields as forecasting, pattern recognition and classification tools. Their growing popularity appears to emanate from the ability of NNs to approximate complex non‐linear relationships, via their capacity to represent latent combinations of unobservable variables in hidden layers. Although there is a growing business literature on the ability of NNs to predict various corporate outcomes (e.g., corporate failure), and to forecast time series data (e.g., share prices), they have yet to be fully evaluated by business academics on cross‐sectional data. This paper provides an overview of the NN modelling approach and compares the performance of NNs, relative to conventional OLS regression analysis, in predicting the cross‐sectional variation in corporate audit fees. The empirical results suggest that the NN models exhibit superior forecasting accuracy to their OLS counterparts, but that this differential reduces when the models are tested out‐of‐sample.

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International Journal of Commerce and Management, vol. 8 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 1056-9219

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Book part
Publication date: 25 November 2021

Kamilah B. Legette, Elan C. Hope, Johari Harris and Charity Brown Griffin

Social and emotional learning (SEL) is critical for students' social and academic success. Students' SEL is often contingent on their teachers' social and emotional competencies…

Abstract

Social and emotional learning (SEL) is critical for students' social and academic success. Students' SEL is often contingent on their teachers' social and emotional competencies and capacities (SECC; Jennings & Greenberg, 2009; Chapter 5) and teacher preparation to facilitate SEL in classrooms (Schonert-Reichl, Kitil, & Hanson-Peterson, 2017). Concerningly, teacher training to facilitate SEL is frequently predicated on a color-evasive perspective that ignores the ways structural racism impacts the schooling experiences of racially minoritized students and associated academic and SEL outcomes (Jagers, Rivas-Drake, & Borowski, 2018; Jagers, Rivas-Drake, & Williams, 2019). In order to support SEL for students from racially minoritized communities, we assert that teachers' social and emotional competencies and capacities must incorporate a culturally responsive pedagogical approach that explicitly acknowledges and addresses issues of race and justice (Jagers et al., 2019; Ladson-Billings, 2014; Ladson-Billings & Tate, 1995). In this chapter we (1) provide an overview of culturally relevant pedagogy in relation to teacher social and emotional competencies and capacities; (2) outline existing models that support a culturally relevant approach to teacher social and emotional competencies and capacities; and (3) discuss future directions for education research, practice, and policy.

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Article
Publication date: 4 December 2023

Amit Pandey and Anil Kumar Sharma

This study examined Indian institutional investors' holding data to understand their investment strategy (Portfolio Concentration/Diversification) and explored whether their…

196

Abstract

Purpose

This study examined Indian institutional investors' holding data to understand their investment strategy (Portfolio Concentration/Diversification) and explored whether their skills were associated with their portfolio strategy and performance. The study introduced a new proxy to identify skilled investors by forecasting abnormal returns. Moreover, the study also highlighted where skilled Indian investors put their money for long-term investment.

Design/methodology/approach

This study measures portfolio concentration based on the number of holdings, the Hirschman–Herfindahl index (HHI) and benchmarks adjusted industry concentration. The study introduced a new proxy to identify skilled investors. We measured Investors' performance with the help of Carhart's four factors model and examined the relationship between variables through various regression models.

Findings

The study concluded a negative relationship between portfolio concentration and performance. However, skilled Indian investors get rewards from portfolio concentration decisions. It was found that skilled investors with few stocks and an industry concentration in their portfolio show a positive association between concentration and fund performance. Additionally, this study found Indian investors showing their faith in the financial sector for long-term investment.

Originality/value

This study examined Indian institutional investors' portfolio concentration strategy and introduced a new proxy to measure investors' skills.

Details

Journal of Advances in Management Research, vol. 21 no. 1
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0972-7981

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Article
Publication date: 1 July 1951

The object of this series of articles has been to form a basis of understanding of lubrication matters from which the reader may advance to further study, and which should be…

13

Abstract

The object of this series of articles has been to form a basis of understanding of lubrication matters from which the reader may advance to further study, and which should be known to every lubrication engineer, works chemists who deal with lubricants, and all engineers who are responsible for the use of lubricating oils and greases in any quantity. We have not yet dealt with the practical side of lubrication at all. We shall do so in later articles and shall cover the simple methods of application.

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Industrial Lubrication and Tribology, vol. 3 no. 7
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0036-8792

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Article
Publication date: 5 October 2015

Jonas Hallström

The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze how the Swedish Association of Biology Teachers (ABT) and some other subject associations helped form pre-service biology…

381

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe and analyze how the Swedish Association of Biology Teachers (ABT) and some other subject associations helped form pre-service biology teacher education in two major Swedish reforms from ca. 1960 to 1990.

Design/methodology/approach

The activities of subject associations can be understood as boundary-work since they defend their subject boundaries in terms of content, space in the timetable, and legitimacy. A hermeneutic method of text interpretation is employed in analyzing historical archival and parliamentary material.

Findings

The work of the ABT to demarcate their subject in the 1968 and 1988 Teacher Education Reforms may seem like merely defending certain biological items instead of others, in the name of science. However, it was also a professional struggle to assert the importance of the teachers, their jobs, education, knowledge of biology subject matter, and thereby their professional authority and autonomy. The ABT were also caught in a political struggle for their subject throughout the period of investigation. Depending on the political winds of the time they therefore had to ally themselves with or distance themselves from various actors.

Originality/value

In comparison with the few other studies of subject associations, this paper is unique in outlining how the ABT acted in relation to teacher education. However, the ways of doing boundary-work were still very similar to those used by subject associations in schools in other countries, especially in acting for increased study time in their respective science subjects as well as their resistance to subject integration. An obvious conclusion regarding teacher education is that subject associations such as the ABT did not contribute to bridging the gap between subject matter and pedagogy but rather the opposite. Biology teacher education was seen as an academic pursuit carried out at universities rather than at the practically oriented teacher training colleges.

Details

History of Education Review, vol. 44 no. 2
Type: Research Article
ISSN: 0819-8691

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