Dominic Thomas, Douglas Olsen and Kyle Murray
A key finding in the affect integration literature is that for a sequence of events that unfolds sequentially, individuals attend to specific aspects of these events, such as the…
Abstract
Purpose
A key finding in the affect integration literature is that for a sequence of events that unfolds sequentially, individuals attend to specific aspects of these events, such as the spread, peak, end, or trend. Due to recent findings of deviations from the peak-end rule, this study closely examines the integration processes of affective events presented sequentially and simultaneously.
Design/methodology/approach
Three experimental studies were conducted. Study 1a (financial dashboard) and Study 1b (charity advertisement) examine consumers’ overall evaluation for a sequence of mixed affective events. Using eye trackers, Study 2 examines individuals’ attention to particular affective moments presented sequentially and simultaneously.
Findings
The present research provides additional support for the peak–end rule for the sequential presentation of mixed-valence affective events. However, in the simultaneous mode of presentation, the flexibility to view various affective events decreases the disproportionate weights given to specific events, a divergence from the peak–end rule.
Research limitations/implications
Although the tempering effect of simultaneous presentation can be concluded, further studies are required to discern how individuals process these events and develop a predictive rule.
Practical implications
The results of the present study provide clear and actionable directions for application developers and advertising agencies: when communicating information or developing an advertisement, consideration should be given to how each affective event is being communicated.
Originality/value
It is argued that in the simultaneous mode of presentation, the flexibility to view various affective events allows greater shifts in attention that increase the salience of interconnections and thereby decrease the disproportionate weights given to specific events.
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The purpose of this paper is to describe innovation planning methods used at Microsoft.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe innovation planning methods used at Microsoft.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper examines the cultural environment and changes that needed to occur to implement these methods and looks at a selection of product development efforts at Microsoft that used these methods and were successful.
Findings
This paper shares the steps taken to enable innovation planning methods to be successful organizationally and describes the specific approaches that were most successful from a product development perspective.
Research limitations/implications
The findings demonstrate that innovation in the large enterprise is a repeatable and reproducible process when the right environment and methods are utilized.
Practical implications
Because enterprises are increasingly being called on to provide breakthrough and disruptive innovations innovation planning methods are increasingly becoming a necessary core discipline that is required in the enterprise.
Originality/value
This paper is valuable to all readers and organizations that want to enable innovation planning methods in large enterprises.
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Chengping He, Jie Ren and Hao Huang
As the search engine platform, Baidu has already developed keyword advertising as one of its main business scopes, while in-feed advertising is emerging as another intelligent…
Abstract
Purpose
As the search engine platform, Baidu has already developed keyword advertising as one of its main business scopes, while in-feed advertising is emerging as another intelligent choice for the company. Our purpose is to validate the effectiveness of keyword and retargeted in-feed advertising on offline sales and whether the effectiveness of these two advertising strategies relies on keyword attributes work.
Design/methodology/approach
We utilize data from the ad campaigns of a prominent manufacturer within the machinery and equipment (hereinafter referred to as “the company”) on Baidu. To scrutinize the research hypotheses, we have employed linear regression models. Subsequently, we address potential endogeneity issues and use various techniques to ascertain the reliability of the results.
Findings
Empirical evidence indicates that both keyword and in-feed advertising enhance offline sales. Upon examining the moderating role of keyword attributes (specificity and length), we observe that specific keywords (price and word-of-mouth (WOM)) accelerate the boosting effect of advertising on sales; similarly, the longer the keywords, the more obvious the enhanced impact of advertising on sales. Moreover, the positive influence of specific keywords (price and WOM) on advertising effectiveness is more outstanding when the keywords are longer.
Originality/value
To our knowledge, no empirical investigation has yet to analyze keyword and retargeted in-feed advertising concurrently within the search engine context. Our research is the inaugural work to reveal that they serve as mutual substitutes regarding their impact on sales. Furthermore, this paper pioneers examining the moderating effects exerted by keyword attributes (specificity and length) on the effectiveness of these two ad types. The findings presented herein offer valuable insights into the harmonious coexistence and collaboration among companies, advertisers, users and search engine platforms.
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Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.
Abstract
Purpose
Reviews the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoints practical implications from cutting‐edge research and case studies.
Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.
Findings
In its early days, Microsoft focused on incremental technology innovation and product optimization. The combination of this one‐two punch of innovation in business model and technology enhancement has enabled Microsoft to become one of the most successful and profitable software companies in the world.
Practical implications
Provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world's leading organizations.
Social implications
This briefing provides insights on the cultural environment and changes that need to occur to implement innovation planning methods within large enterprises.
Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy‐to‐digest format.
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Abul Kalam, Chai Lee Goi and Ying Ying Tiong
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of celebrity endorsers on consumer advocacy, customization and entertainment intentions based on the notion of the…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of celebrity endorsers on consumer advocacy, customization and entertainment intentions based on the notion of the stimulus–organism–response (SOR) framework. In addition, this study aims to examine the mediating and moderating role of customization and entertainment intentions on the proposed relationships. The authors also intend to highlight the comparative effects between male and female young social media consumers on those proposed associations.
Design/methodology/approach
In the pursuit of comprehensive and rigorous data collection, this study adopted a quantitative methodology using a meticulously crafted questionnaire. The questionnaire survey was conducted in major cities of Malaysia using the convenience and snowball sampling techniques. A total of 576 responses were collected, even though 549 retorts were used for data analysis. In this investigation, the authors strategically used covariance-based structural equation modeling through the use of AMOS v. 24 as the primary data analysis tool. Augmenting the analytical depth, the authors also conducted a supplementary bootstrap analysis. The additional layers of examination were crucial for appraising the mediating and moderating effects inherent within the model, in which the PROCESS MACRO v.4.20 was used.
Findings
The results of this study revealed the significant direct positive effects of celebrity endorsers on consumer customization, entertainment and advocacy intentions. Consumer customization and entertainment intentions also found significant direct affirmative effects on consumer advocacy intention, along with the significant direct positive effects of consumer entertainment intention on consumer customization intention. The results further revealed that consumer customization and entertainment intentions cannot mediate the relationship between celebrity endorsers and advocacy intention. The entertainment intention also declined the mediating effects between celebrity endorsers and consumer customization intention. On the contrary, consumer customization intention significantly and positively, and entertainment intention also significantly but negatively, moderate the association between celebrity endorsers and consumer advocacy intention. This study also illustrates that the effects of those examined relationships differ between male and female young social media consumers.
Originality/value
This study investigates the impact of celebrity endorsers on consumer behavior, focusing on their customization, entertainment and advocacy intentions. It extends current SOR framework, enhances source credibility theory, fills gaps in the literature on social media brand engagement and underscores the significance of customization and entertainment intentions. The findings provide insights for managers aiming to harness consumer brand advocacy through celebrity endorsers effectively.
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What are the value theories used by art economists which can help define the field as a unique research program? We categorize the research program in art economics in Lakatosian…
Abstract
What are the value theories used by art economists which can help define the field as a unique research program? We categorize the research program in art economics in Lakatosian terms and find that art economists share a value system around art which is that art contains value beyond that of exchange. This difference introduces a “paradox” of value to be addressed (either implicitly or explicitly) by the art economist in practice, in that mainstream economics assumes value is realized through exchange only. We then survey the literature and find evidence to support this value paradox claim. We also find that the art economics research program does not adequately address the potentiality of the state using art as instrumental value and introduce political economy to factor in a self-interested state using art production as a means to reproduce and ideally expand state legitimacy and power in society. We then give two examples of art-statism in practice to illustrate the possibility of art’s instrumentality.
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Group incentive schemes have been shown to be positively associated with firm performance but it remains an open question whether this association can be explained by the…
Abstract
Purpose
Group incentive schemes have been shown to be positively associated with firm performance but it remains an open question whether this association can be explained by the motivating characteristics of the group-incentive scheme itself, or if this is due to factors that tend to accompany group-incentive schemes. We use a controlled experiment to directly test if group-incentive schemes can motivate sustained individual effort in the absence of rules, norms, and institutions that are known to mitigate free-riding behavior.
Design/methodology/approach
We use a controlled lab experiment that randomly assigns subjects to one of three compensation contracts used to incentivize an onerous effort task. Two of the compensation contracts are group-incentive schemes where subjects have an incentive to free-ride on the efforts of their coworkers, and the third (control) is a flat-wage contract.
Findings
We find that both group-incentive schemes resulted in sustained, higher performance relative to the flat-wage compensation contract. Further, we do not find evidence of free-riding behavior under the two group-incentive schemes.
Research limitations/implications
Although we do find sustained cooperation/performance over the three work periods of our experiment under the group-incentive schemes, further testing would be required to evaluate whether group-incentive schemes can sustain cooperation over a longer time horizon without complementary norms, policies, or institutions that mitigate free-riding.
Originality/value
By unambiguously showing that group-incentive schemes can, by themselves, motivate workers to provide sustained levels of effort, this suggests that the “1/n problem” may be, in part, an artifact of the rational-actor modeling conventions.
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Ashis Mishra and Javeed Ansari
The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for measuring retail productivity. It intends to identify all the constituents of retail productivity exhaustively, along with…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for measuring retail productivity. It intends to identify all the constituents of retail productivity exhaustively, along with their measures and integrate them with a comprehensive model.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper summarizes the significant empirical works from the literature along with their study methods and identifies the gaps. The proposed methodology is a combination of various exploratory methods consisting of secondary data analysis, group interviews, depth interviews, observation and questionnaire survey.
Findings
A regression‐based conceptual model including each of the output and input variables of retail productivity. It also provides conception logic and measurement method for each of the variables. It identifies the control parameters too and proposes to handle them in the model. The empirical validation provides the significance of various input parameters.
Research limitations/implications
The empirical validation is restricted to one retail format and one vertical (medium‐sized stores and apparel‐life style vertical). However, it provides significant input regarding the way to utilise retail productivity and the strategic directions to improve store level productivity.
Practical implications
The most significant usage of the model is the standardization of retail productivity concept as a performance measurement tool and its applicability in individual retail stores (micro level). Hence, it is possible to determine the reasons for performance of retail stores and develop appropriate as well as effective strategies. The identification and elaboration of the various parameters of retail productivity would help retailers to redefine and focus on key decision areas.
Originality/value
The paper presents the exhaustive framework for retail productivity with data from the Indian retail sector that is applicable at micro level. It provides direct measure of value component (services) in retail output determination.
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The paper's aim is to estimate the benefits and costs of China's affordable housing program, as well as to provide recommendations to this housing policy.
Abstract
Purpose
The paper's aim is to estimate the benefits and costs of China's affordable housing program, as well as to provide recommendations to this housing policy.
Design/methodology/approach
The Cobb‐Douglas utility function is employed to estimate the net benefits of the affordable housing policy. Both of the sunk costs and current costs are computed, and an improved housing affordability index is used to measure the levels of housing affordability in cities in China.
Findings
The total net benefits of this policy are estimated to range from $234,176.7 million to ¥271,020.4 million. The costs are divided into sunk costs and current costs, computed to be ¥447,598.63 million and ¥328,685.21 million, respectively. The supply size of affordable dwellings is far from adequate due to the low level of housing affordability in China.
Research limitations/implications
The data in this study is insufficient and some information such as the income of occupiers has yet to be estimated. However, if more individual data was available, the conclusion would be confidential.
Practical implications
From this paper the policymakers may understand how to estimate the welfare efficiency of affordable housing policy, adjust the participant regulations and determine the supply of affordable houses.
Originality/value
This paper estimates the benefits and costs of China's affordable housing program as the first study in this area. The Cobb‐Douglas utility function was used in the analysis of China's housing policy.