Kang-Jia Wang, Guo-Dong Wang and Feng Shi
The fractal and fractional calculus have obtained considerable attention in the electrical and electronic engineering since they can model many complex phenomena that the…
Abstract
Purpose
The fractal and fractional calculus have obtained considerable attention in the electrical and electronic engineering since they can model many complex phenomena that the traditional integer-order calculus cannot. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new fractional pulse narrowing nonlinear transmission lines model within the local fractional calculus for the first time and derive a novel method, namely, the direct mapping method, to seek for the nondifferentiable (ND) exact solutions.
Design/methodology/approach
By defining some special functions via the Mittag–Leffler function on the Cantor sets, a novel approach, namely, the direct mapping method is derived via constructing a group of the nonlinear local fractional ordinary differential equations. With the aid of the direct mapping method, four groups of the ND exact solutions are obtained in just one step. The dynamic behaviors of the ND exact solutions on the Cantor sets are also described through the 3D graphical illustration.
Findings
It is found that the proposed method is simple but effective and can construct four sets of the ND exact solutions in just one step. In addition, one of the ND exact solutions becomes the exact solution of the classic pulse narrowing nonlinear transmission lines model for the special case 9 = 1, which strongly proves the correctness and effectiveness of the method. The ideas in the paper can be used to study the other fractal partial differential equations (PDEs) within the local fractional derivative (LFD) arising in electrical and electronic engineering.
Originality/value
The fractional pulse narrowing nonlinear transmission lines model within the LFD is proposed for the first time in this paper. The proposed method in the work can be used to study the other fractal PDEs arising in electrical and electronic engineering. The findings in this work are expected to shed a light on the study of the fractal PDEs arising in electrical and electronic engineering.
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Rita Yi Man Li, Li Meng, Tat Ho Leung, Jian Zuo, Beiqi Tang and Yuan Wang
The circular economy (CE) proposes that all materials flow in a close-looped system. Waste generated by one production stage may be useful in another. Thus, the idea of a CE is…
Abstract
The circular economy (CE) proposes that all materials flow in a close-looped system. Waste generated by one production stage may be useful in another. Thus, the idea of a CE is linked to the goal of zero waste (ZW) and promotes a range of sustainable economic, social and environmental benefits in each sector. When we apply this to construction waste management, waste can be managed through reducing, recycling, upcycling and reusing. However, there is an inevitable cost implication associated with this process due to the additional requirement of inventory and waste processing, and this becomes a disincentive to implementing the CE. Formal institutions, referring here to legal rules and regulations, play a critical role in motivating firms and individuals towards a CE. As different countries have different government rules and regulations, and there is limited research on their differences, we review Asia’s and Europe’s legal rules and regulations relevant to the goal of ZW and CE in the construction sector.
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This chapter examines how the everyday interactions that are fostered with the circulation of debt impact the socioeconomic order in which they operate. Employing the theoretical…
Abstract
Purpose
This chapter examines how the everyday interactions that are fostered with the circulation of debt impact the socioeconomic order in which they operate. Employing the theoretical framework of “circuits of commerce,” scholars have examined how social relations and economic activities intertwine, are negotiated and transformed through the circulation of debt. The focus of such studies has been on the motives of actors, such as the desire for relationship-making, and structural conditions, like the inaccessibility of formal institution, that necessitate the emergence of debt-centered circuits of commerce (Hampton, 2003; Heslop, 2016; James, 2014). However, such circuits also have broader impacts and affect socially pervasive moral evaluations and work cultures (Ho, 2009; Zelizer, 2011). Building on these findings, I examine commission-based alliances among showroom owners and tour guides in Agra’s tourism market to understand how “bad debt” between them shapes Agra’s local tourism economy.
Methodology/approach
This chapter is based on ethnographic research conducted in 2012–2013 with Agra’s tourism entrepreneurs, like showroom owners, tour guides, and convincers.
Findings
Entrepreneurs’ everyday practices around the circulation of debt impact how tourism in Agra is perceived and conducted. Although debt is initiated to mitigate uncertainty of getting clientele, its circulation exacerbates that very uncertainty.
Originality/value
This chapter contributes to the theory of economic practice, highlighting how economic actors, through their everyday practices, shape the macro-structure of the economic system in which they operate.
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Wenhong Wei, Yong Qin and Zhaoquan Cai
The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm named as MOMR-DE to resolve multicast routing problem. In mobile ad hoc network (MANET)…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm named as MOMR-DE to resolve multicast routing problem. In mobile ad hoc network (MANET), multicast routing is a non-deterministic polynomial -complete problem that deals with the various objectives and constraints. Quality of service (QoS) in the multicast routing problem mainly depends on cost, delay, jitter and bandwidth. So the cost, delay, jitter and bandwidth are always considered as multi-objective for designing multicast routing protocols. However, mobile node battery energy is finite and the network lifetime depends on node battery energy. If the battery power consumption is high in any one of the nodes, the chances of network’s life reduction due to path breaks are also more. On the other hand, node’s battery energy had to be consumed to guarantee high-level QoS in multicast routing to transmit correct data anywhere and at any time. Hence, the network lifetime should be considered as one objective of the multi-objective in the multicast routing problem.
Design/methodology/approach
Recently, many metaheuristic algorithms formulate the multicast routing problem as a single-objective problem, although it obviously is a multi-objective optimization problem. In the MOMR-DE, the network lifetime, cost, delay, jitter and bandwidth are considered as five objectives. Furthermore, three QoS constraints which are maximum allowed delay, maximum allowed jitter and minimum requested bandwidth are included. In addition, we modify the crossover and mutation operators to build the shortest-path multicast tree to maximize network lifetime and bandwidth, minimize cost, delay and jitter.
Findings
Two sets of experiments are conducted and compared with other algorithms for these problems. The simulation results show that our proposed method is capable of achieving faster convergence and is more preferable for multicast routing in MANET.
Originality/value
In MANET, most metaheuristic algorithms formulate the multicast routing problem as a single-objective problem. However, this paper proposes a multi-objective differential evolution algorithm to resolve multicast routing problem, and the proposed algorithm is capable of achieving faster convergence and more preferable for multicast routing.
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Yingjie Guo, HuiYue Dong, Guifeng Wang and Yinglin Ke
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a robotic boring system for intersection holes in aircraft assembly. The system is designed to improve the boring quality and position…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to introduce a robotic boring system for intersection holes in aircraft assembly. The system is designed to improve the boring quality and position accuracy of the intersection holes.
Design/methodology/approach
To improve the boring quality of intersection holes, a robot posture optimization model is established. The target of the model is to maximize the robot stiffness and the variate is location of the robot on the guideway. The model is solved by the iterative IKP algorithm based on the Jacobian matrix. To improve the position accuracy of intersection holes, a robot positioning accuracy compensation method is introduced. In the method, a laser tracker is used to measure the actual position and orientation of the boring bar. Combined with the desired position and orientation, the error can be obtained and compensated.
Findings
In practical case of the robotic boring system, the robot stiffness is effectively improved and the surface roughness of intersection holes achieves a grade of Ra0.8. Besides, the robot end achieves a position accuracy of 0.05 mm and an orientation accuracy of 0.05°.
Practical implications
The robotic boring system has been applied successfully in one of the aircraft assembly projects in northwest China.
Originality/value
The robotic boring system can be applied for machining intersection holes in an aircraft assembly. With the robot posture optimization method and accuracy compensation method, the boring quality and position accuracy of the intersection holes can be guaranteed.
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Zhifang Wang, Jianguo Yu, Shangjing Lin, Junguo Dong and Zheng Yu
The paper takes the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network-integrated system as the research object, this paper aims to propose a distributed robust H∞ adaptive…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper takes the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network-integrated system as the research object, this paper aims to propose a distributed robust H∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm suitable for the system to distribute to solve the problem of control and communication failure at the same time.
Design/methodology/approach
In the paper, the authors propose a distributed robust H∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm suitable for the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network-integrated system.
Findings
The results show that the integrated system has good robustness and fault tolerance performance indicators for flight control and wireless signal transmission when confronted with external disturbances, internal actuator failures and wireless network associated failures and the flight control curve of the quadrotor unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is generally smooth and stable, even if it encounters external disturbances and actuator failures, its fault tolerance performance is very good. Then in the range of 400–800 m wireless communication distance, the success rate of wireless signal loop transmission is stable at 80%–100% and the performance is at least relatively improved by 158.823%.
Originality/value
This paper takes the air-ground integrated wireless ad hoc network-integrated system as the research object, based on the robust fault-tolerant control algorithm, the authors propose a distributed robust H∞ adaptive fault-tolerant control algorithm suitable for the system and through the Riccati equation and linear matrix inequation method, the designed distributed robust H∞ adaptive fault-tolerant controller further optimizes the fault suppression factor γ, so as to break through the limitation of only one Lyapunov matrix for different fault modes to distribute to solve the problem of control and communication failure at the same time.
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Shaonan Shi, Feixiang Tang, Yongqiang Yu, Yuzheng Guo, Fang Dong and Sheng Liu
Hoping to uncover the physical principles of the vibration of the functionally graded material (FGM) microplate, by which the authors can make contributions to the design and…
Abstract
Purpose
Hoping to uncover the physical principles of the vibration of the functionally graded material (FGM) microplate, by which the authors can make contributions to the design and manufacturing process in factories like micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) and other industries.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors design a method by establishing a reasonable mathematical model of the physical microplate composed of a porous FGM.
Findings
The authors discover that the porosity, the distributions of porosity, the power law of the FGM and the length-to-thickness ratio all affect the natural frequency of the vibration of the microplate, but in different ways.
Originality/value
Originally proposed a model of the micro FGM plate considering the different distributions of the porosity and scale effect and analyzed the vibration frequency of it.
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Zhi-Jin Zhong, Tongchen Wang and Minting Huang
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of internet censorship, which is represented by the Great Fire Wall, on Chinese internet users’ self-censorship.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of internet censorship, which is represented by the Great Fire Wall, on Chinese internet users’ self-censorship.
Design/methodology/approach
A 3×2 factorial experiment (n=315) is designed. Different patterns of censorship (soft censorship, compared censorship, and hard censorship) and the justification of internet regulation are involved in the experiment as two factors. The dependent variable is self-censorship which is measured through the willingness to speak about sensitive issues and the behavior of refusing to sign petitions with true names.
Findings
The results show that perceived internet censorship significantly decreases the willingness to talk about sensitive issues and the likelihood of signing petitions with true names. The justification of censorship significantly decreases self-censorship on the behaviors of petition signing. Although there are different patterns of internet censorship that Chinese netizens may encounter, they do not differ from each other in causing different levels of self-censorship.
Research limitations/implications
The subjects are college students who were born in the early 1990s, and the characteristics of this generation may influence the results of the experiment. The measurement of self-censorship could be refined.
Originality/value
The study contributes to the body of literature about internet regulation because it identifies a causal relationship between the government’s internet censorship system and ordinary people’s reaction to the regulation in an authoritarian regime. Unpacking different patterns of censorship and different dimensions of self-censorship depicts the complexity of censoring and being censored.
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Shanshan Yue, Bajuri Hafiz Norkhairul, Saleh F.A. Khatib and Yini Lee
This study delves into the nuanced relationship between financial constraints, ownership structures (state-owned and foreign) and innovation engagement within China’s A-share…
Abstract
Purpose
This study delves into the nuanced relationship between financial constraints, ownership structures (state-owned and foreign) and innovation engagement within China’s A-share market, aiming to uncover how these dynamics vary across different industries and regional contexts.
Design/methodology/approach
By retrieving data from various datasets in China (2010–2022), this study analyzed the effectiveness of each variable, employing various dimensions to reflect innovation engagement among Chinese listed companies. Meanwhile, for the measurement of financial constraints, this study tested all four typical ones and opted for the KZ Index, as it is the most suitable for China’s A-share market. Then, by fixing the industry and year effects, the study examined the main and moderating effects. At last, in order to address endogeneity issues and capture the dynamic nature of innovation activities, this study follow the suggestion of Khatib (2024) and employed the two-step system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimation.
Findings
The results demonstrate that while the government has introduced many policies to promote innovation, state-owned ownership does not consistently enhance innovation engagement as expected, especially when firms are in financial dilemma. Particularly, in Hi-tech industries, foreign ownership demonstrates greater interest and confidence in the innovation capabilities of China’s A-share market. Findings also reveal significant regional heterogeneity in the moderating role of ownership structures. While state-owned and foreign ownerships have a buffering effect against financial constraints in the eastern and western regions, but this effect is notably different in the middle part, even though it is China’s political heartland.
Originality/value
The findings offer a different insight for policymakers and corporate strategists, suggesting that targeted financial and regulatory policies that leverage specific ownership structures can foster innovation in different ways, particularly in financially constrained environments. However, how to stimulate innovation vitality in the middle part of China still requires further research.
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Guo‐Dong Li, Daisuke Yamaguchi and Masatake Nagai
This paper aims to increase the manufacturing accuracy and quality of product by improving the prediction accuracy of forecasting compensatory control (FCC).
Abstract
Purpose
This paper aims to increase the manufacturing accuracy and quality of product by improving the prediction accuracy of forecasting compensatory control (FCC).
Design/methodology/approach
The dynamic analysis model, which combines grey dynamic model with time series autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model is proposed. In addition, the Markov chain from stochastic process theory is applied to improve the prediction accuracy.
Findings
The proposed model is more accurate than ARIMA model and grey dynamic model.
Originality/value
The paper provides a viewpoint on FCC by using the combined methodology, which takes advantage of high predictable power of grey dynamic model and at the same time takes advantage of the prediction powers of ARIMA model and Markov chain.