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The purpose of this paper is to perform a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation that is able to reveal what is happening for the shock wave generated by high speed flow test facility and to develop deeper understanding of all parameters which affect the shock wave velocity profile and pressure and temperature histories inside the facility.

Two dimensional time accurate Euler solver for shock tube applications was developed to simulate the flow process inside the shock tube. To ensure the ability of the CFD code to capture shocks, rarefaction waves and contact discontinuity and to produce the correct pressure, temperature, density and speed profiles, the code has been validated using two verification approaches. First, the code results have been compared to the Sod's tube problem (exact solution). Second, the code solution is compared with selected experimental measurements for a certain diaphragm pressure ratio.

Results presented in this paper show that after diaphragm rapture and when the shock did not reflect yet, the flow is symmetry and uniform in y‐direction. As the shock wave reflects from the tube end it will move to the left and interact with the discontinuity surface and the flow no longer symmetry. Results also show that two‐dimensional modeling of the high speed flow test facility is an effective way to obtain facility performance data. Although this paper focused on UNITEN's facility, the CFD code is generic and may be applied to other facilities. The present code showed good capability to provide the x‐t diagram successfully. From this diagram one can determine the useful duration (for this case it is about 10 ms), which is quite comparable compared to other facilities. It can be concluded, based on the agreement with the analytical results, that the numerical formulation for the inviscid part of the solver is valid.

This paper performs a CFD simulation that is able to reveal the shock wave behavior at high speed flow test facility.

Manama, the capital city of the Kingdom of Bahrain, is a major port in the Arabian Gulf, a financial hub. Following the discovery of oil, Bahrain attracted skilled and unskilled expats. The Government initiated plans for urban development. Urban growth was at the expense of agricultural and desert lands in addition to reclaiming land from water bodies. Affluent Bahrainis moved to newer settlements. Low-income Bahrainis continued to live in the old quarters. Single male workers, mostly Asians, moved into dilapidated buildings in the old quarters of the city. The paper employs a mixed research approach. It uses Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems to account for urban transformations; and as well as document review, interviews, and a questionnaire to understand the process underlying these transformations and their outcomes. The results show how globalisation and neoliberalism led Manama to emerge as a global city. Cultural identity and geographic location within the Bahraini metropolitan area suggest these relationships are dynamic. Planners perceived Bahraini cities as a morphological phenomenon. They did not comprehend the complexity of the socio-cultural particularities of Bahraini cities. Revitalising the old quarters of Manama can serve as a national mega project, thus conserving its cultural identity.

Significance of Knowledge The functional name of the Holy Quran is ‘huda’, the guiding light. It focuses divine light on each and every object separating thereby the right from the wrong' (al‐furqan). As this is accomplished by dint of knowledge (al‐ 'ilm). All these three guiding elements namely huda, furqan and ilm, are lined‐up by Allah, the Lord Providence (Rabb‐ulalamin), for earthly welfare (hasanah) and other‐worldly salvation (falah) of human beings. In Quranic context, knowledge, therefore, carries a great significance.