Abdul Samad Kakar, Aervina Misron, Rauza, Natanya Meyer and Dilawar Khan Durrani
The fear of COVID-19 has been identified as a significant predictor of adverse work-related outcomes. Grounded on conservation of resource theory, this study examines the impact…
Abstract
Purpose
The fear of COVID-19 has been identified as a significant predictor of adverse work-related outcomes. Grounded on conservation of resource theory, this study examines the impact of fear of COVID-19 on faculty members' job turnover intention (TI) and job insecurity, as well as the relationship between job insecurity and TI. Additionally, the authors investigate job insecurity as a potential mediating variable between the fear of COVID-19 and TI.
Design/methodology/approach
Data were collected from faculty members (n = 226) working in Pakistan's public sector universities and analysed through PLS-SEM using SmartPLS software.
Findings
The results indicated that fear of COVID-19 was positively and significantly associated with both TI and job insecurity. Furthermore, the results demonstrate that job insecurity has a positive correlation with TI. In addition, the study's findings endorsed the mediating role of job insecurity between fear of COVID-19 and TI.
Practical implications
The study highlights the importance of addressing the fear of COVID-19 and job insecurity among faculty members, as they are significant predictors of TI. The findings suggest employers should prioritise providing a safe work environment and reducing uncertainty to retain their workforce during the pandemic.
Originality/value
This study adds to the literature as it conceptualises the indirect mechanism that links fear of COVID-19 to TI and job insecurity and provides practical implications that may reduce faculty members' TI.
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Mudassar Ali, Zhang Li, Dilawar Khan Durrani, Adnan Muhammad Shah and Waqas Khuram
Using the lens of conservation of resources (COR) theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of humble leadership on project success by integrating the mediating…
Abstract
Purpose
Using the lens of conservation of resources (COR) theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of humble leadership on project success by integrating the mediating role of goal clarity. The authors also argue that organizational culture moderates these direct and indirect relationships through goal clarity.
Design/methodology/approach
Time-lagged data were collected from 329 employees in the civil construction sector of Pakistan.
Findings
The results indicate that humble leadership enhances project success through mediating and moderating mechanisms.
Research limitations/implications
The present research ends with an argument, managerial consequences, limits and guidance for future research.
Practical implications
The results influence a project-based organization on the selection and promotion of humility among project managers.
Originality/value
This research answers the following research question, which has been ignored in the literature: What are the suggested mechanisms for humble leadership in promoting project success?
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Donata Sobakinova, Yan Zhou and Dilawar Khan Durrani
Despite the existence of a vast body of research on entrepreneurship, little is known about why some entrepreneurs are able to generate and realize more business ideas than…
Abstract
Purpose
Despite the existence of a vast body of research on entrepreneurship, little is known about why some entrepreneurs are able to generate and realize more business ideas than others. This study aims to present a prospective answer to this question by empirically examining the relationships among human capital outcomes (entrepreneurial knowledge and skills) and the number of business ideas generated and implemented. Additionally, the authors examined the moderating effect of the entrepreneurial self-efficacy on the proposed relationships.
Design/methodology/approach
A statistical analysis on a sample of 340 Russian entrepreneurs was conducted.
Findings
The results from the analysis indicated that human capital outcomes (entrepreneurial knowledge and skills) are positively related to the number of generated and implemented ideas. Furthermore, it was seen that entrepreneurial self-efficacy significantly moderates the relationship between human capital outcomes and the number of implemented ideas. However, self-efficacy has no significant moderating effect on the relationships among human capital outcomes and the number of generated ideas. Finally, the results showed that the number of ideas generated mediates the relationships among human capital outcomes and the number of ideas implemented.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, no previous study has investigated the combination of such variables as entrepreneurial human capital outcomes, entrepreneurial self-efficacy and the number of new business ideas. This paper investigates this gap in the literature with an empirical analysis of the relations between the mentioned variables based on data collected from Russian entrepreneurs.
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Seemab Ahmad, Dilawar Khan and Ihtisham ul Haq
The widening income gap between rich and poor has gained worldwide recognition in recent decades. This income gap between rich and poor is defined as the extent of income unevenly…
Abstract
Purpose
The widening income gap between rich and poor has gained worldwide recognition in recent decades. This income gap between rich and poor is defined as the extent of income unevenly distributed in a host country. This study provides an empirical view of the association between information and communication technology and the widening of the income gap.
Design/methodology/approach
The study used panel data from 2005 to 2019. To detect unit root issues, Levin and Lin (LL) and Im, Pesaran and Shin (IPS) tests were first employed. The pooled mean group and mean group estimators were employed to investigate the short and long -term impact of information and communication technology and other control factors on reducing the gap between rich and poor in South Asia.
Findings
The results showed that the Pooled mean group's findings are more efficient and consistent as compared to mean group estimators. The results of the paper showed that the greater penetration of information and communication technologies in the economy negatively and significantly affects income inequality. Moreover, the information and communication technology, foreign remittances and foreign direct investment (FDI) significantly reduce the gap between rich and poor in the long run.
Practical implications
At last, the findings of the study serve as an excellent roadmap for policymakers seeking to address the issue of growing income inequality in the South Asian regions and worldwide.
Originality/value
Based on the findings of this study, South Asia can reduce the gap between rich and poor by investing more in the information and communication technology sector.
Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-10-2021-0638
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Muhammad Adeel Anjum, Ammarah Ahmed, Lin Zhang and Dilawar Khan Durrani
Although past research has looked into myriad consequences of workplace incivility, little attention has been paid to the effects of supervisor incivility (SI) on employees’ sense…
Abstract
Purpose
Although past research has looked into myriad consequences of workplace incivility, little attention has been paid to the effects of supervisor incivility (SI) on employees’ sense of vitality and their discretionary work effort (DWE). Moreover, the mechanisms that drive the harmful effects of SI remain largely unknown. The current study seeks to address these gaps in the literature. In particular, this study aims to examine how SI culminates in decreased DWE.
Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a cross-sectional survey design, data for this study were gathered from 151 employees of two large companies in the financial services sector of Pakistan. A number of analysis techniques (e.g. confirmatory factor analysis and bootstrapping) were used to analyze the data.
Findings
As predicted, SI was found to be negatively associated both with subordinates’ sense of vitality and DWE while vitality was found to be positively associated with DWE. Findings also indicated that one way in which SI negatively affects subordinates’ DWE is by decreasing their sense of vitality.
Practical implications
This study offers several useful implications for management practice in relation to preventing SI and mitigating its effects and bolstering employees’ sense of vitality.
Originality/value
To the best of the knowledge, this study is the first to unpack the relationship dynamics of SI, vitality and DWE, and to introduce a mechanism by which SI translates into reduced DWE.
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Wajid Alim, Muhammad Kaleem, Sammar Abbas and Dilawar Khan
One aspect of agency theory suggests that dominant shareholders use the firm’s assets for their personal benefits and 1thus expropriate minority shareholders (tunneling)…
Abstract
Purpose
One aspect of agency theory suggests that dominant shareholders use the firm’s assets for their personal benefits and 1thus expropriate minority shareholders (tunneling). Accordingly, this paper aims to examine the effect of capital structure and cash holding decisions on minority shareholders' expropriation for short and long periods.
Design/methodology/approach
Data of 16 years (2000-2015) has been obtained from 200 non-financial firms registered at Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). The study used fixed effect and autoregressive distributed lagged to obtain the results.
Findings
The results suggest that the presence of more debts in capital structure is positively associated with minority shareholders' expropriation, whereas a negative association has been found between the level of cash holding and minority shareholders expropriation. These results have been observed as significant both for the short and long run.
Research limitations/implications
This study also suggests some important measures to control minority shareholders' expropriation by the dominant shareholders and thus to protect their rights.
Originality/value
There is a lack of literature for this severe issue in the developing countries especially Pakistan, so this study narrates the potential measures to the regulatory authority of the market to curb tunneling and to protect minority shareholders.
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Muthukuda Arachchige Dona Shiroma Jeeva Shirajanie Niriella
The international legal framework for protecting women and girl children in noninternational armed conflicts (NIACs) faces critical scrutiny regarding its adequacy. This research…
Abstract
The international legal framework for protecting women and girl children in noninternational armed conflicts (NIACs) faces critical scrutiny regarding its adequacy. This research investigates the effectiveness of existing legal instruments in safeguarding the rights and well-being of women and girl children amidst such conflicts. To unpack the main problem, this study focuses on three primary research questions to guide the inquiry. First, how comprehensive and enforceable are the existing international legal mechanisms specifically addressing the protection of women and girl children in NIACs? Second, what are the major challenges in the implementation and the gaps in the legal frameworks at the international level? Third, what strategies and reforms can enhance the efficacy of the international legal framework in addressing the vulnerabilities of women and girl children in such conflicts? This review research aims to achieve three main objectives: first, to critically analyze the existing international legal instruments pertinent to the protection of women and girl children in NIACs, second, to identify the key obstacles hindering the effective implementation of these legal provisions, and thirdly, to propose practical measures and policy recommendations aimed at strengthening the international legal framework and improving the protection mechanisms for women and girl children in such conflicts. This legal research engages in content analysis of the available relevant secondary sources in the completion of the study.
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Shakeel Dilawar, Ahsan Khan, Asif Ur Rehman, Syed Zahid Husain and Syed Husain Imran Jaffery
The purpose of this study was to use bridge curvature method (BCM) to quantify stress, while multiscale modeling with adaptive coarsening predicted distortions based on…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study was to use bridge curvature method (BCM) to quantify stress, while multiscale modeling with adaptive coarsening predicted distortions based on experimentally validated models. Taguchi method and response surface method were used to optimize process parameters (energy density, hatch spacing, scanning speed and beam diameter).
Design/methodology/approach
Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) offers significant design freedom but suffers from residual stresses due to rapid melting and solidification. This study presents a novel approach combining multiscale modeling and statistical optimization to minimize residual stress in SS316L.
Findings
Optimal parameters were identified through simulations and validated with experiments, achieving an 8% deviation. This approach significantly reduced printing costs compared to traditional trial-and-error methods. The analysis revealed a non-monotonic relationship between residual stress and energy density, with an initial increase followed by a decrease with increasing hatch spacing and scanning speed (both contributing to lower energy density). Additionally, beam diameter had a minimal impact compared to other energy density parameters.
Originality/value
This work offers a unique framework for optimizing LPBF processes by combining multiscale modeling with statistical techniques. The identified optimal parameters and insights into the individual and combined effects of energy density parameters provide valuable guidance for mitigating residual stress in SS316L, leading to improved part quality and performance.
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This exploratory study aims to explore the Pakhtun pregnant women’s experiences/issues during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract
Purpose
This exploratory study aims to explore the Pakhtun pregnant women’s experiences/issues during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Design/methodology/approach
This research is based on interviews.
Findings
This research found that plummeting medical services pose not only serious health risks to the Pakhtun women in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) but expose them to social and cultural challenges resulting in severe mental health issues. This study also found that the policies adopted by the Government of Pakistan for tackling COVID-19 completely threw off track basic health services that both men and women require in times of health emergencies.
Originality/value
This paper is 100% original research based on an exploratory study.
Pieter Breek, Jasper Eshuis and Joke Hermes
Social media have become a key part of placemaking. Placemaking revolves around collaboration between multiple stakeholders, which requires ongoing two-way communication between…
Abstract
Purpose
Social media have become a key part of placemaking. Placemaking revolves around collaboration between multiple stakeholders, which requires ongoing two-way communication between local government and citizens. Although social media offer promising tools for local governments and public professionals in placemaking, they have not lived up to their potential. This paper aims to uncover the tensions and challenges that social media bring for public professionals at the street level in placemaking processes.
Design/methodology/approach
This study aims to fill this gap with a case study of area brokers engaged in online placemaking in Amsterdam. In total, 14 in-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted, focusing on area brokers’ social media practices, perceptions and challenges. The authors used an open coding strategy in the first phase of coding. In the second phase, the authors regrouped codes in thematic categories with the use of sensitizing concepts derived from the theoretical review.
Findings
The use of social media for placemaking imposes demands on area brokers from three sides: the bureaucracy, the affordances of social media and affective publics. The paper unpacks pressures area brokers are under and the (emotional) labour they carry out to align policy and bureaucratic requirements with adequate communication needed in neighbourhood affairs on social media. The tensions and the multidimensionality of what is required explain the reluctance of area brokers to exploit the potential of social media in their work.
Originality/value
Several studies have addressed the use of social media in placemaking, but all neglected the perspective of street-level bureaucrats who shape the placemaking process in direct contact with citizens.