Julie Grail, Catherine Mitton, Nikos Ntounis, Cathy Parker, Simon Quin, Chloe Steadman, Gary Warnaby, Emily Cotterill and Diane Smith
The purpose of this paper is to review the development and current position of Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) in the UK, drawing on the content within a State-of-the-Art…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review the development and current position of Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) in the UK, drawing on the content within a State-of-the-Art Review of Business Improvement Districts in the UK: setting the agenda for policy, practice and research, commissioned by The BID Foundation and produced by members of the Institute of Place Management.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper is divided into seven main sections. The first section defines the concept of BIDs, outlines their process of establishment and provides a brief critique of BIDs from the academic literature. Second, the process of introducing BIDs into the UK is discussed. Third, the different types of BIDs that currently exist are detailed. The fourth section outlines the development of BIDs since their introduction in 2004. Fifth, an analysis of BID ballots is provided, involving details of ballot results, demonstrating a general improvement as BIDs develop over time. The sixth section comprises a discussion of unsuccessful ballots and BID terminations. The paper concludes with a brief analysis of issues BIDs face in the UK, looking into the future.
Findings
The paper contains three main empirical contributions: first, a numerical analysis of the different types of BIDs in the UK; second, a timeline of their development from 2005 to 2018; and third, a statistical analysis of BID ballot results over this period, with an indication of the numbers of unsuccessful ballots and BID terminations.
Originality/value
This paper provides the first comprehensive overview of BIDs in the UK detailing development and performance (e.g. ballot results) in the 15 years since their introduction.
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Keywords
Pathology within the British National Health Service (NHS) is currently undergoing major changes which are causing considerable problems for the laboratory manager. In order to…
Abstract
Pathology within the British National Health Service (NHS) is currently undergoing major changes which are causing considerable problems for the laboratory manager. In order to achieve results through other people, it is necessary to develop good leadership skills! Training in these skills is vital to prepare managers for tomorrow's challenges.
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This research examines whether a shift to a hybrid classroom, which replaces some face-to-face classroom time with online instruction, adversely affects student learning if the…
Abstract
Purpose
This research examines whether a shift to a hybrid classroom, which replaces some face-to-face classroom time with online instruction, adversely affects student learning if the structure and incentives that are characteristic of a flipped classroom are already in place.
Design/methodology/approach
This study features a quantitative analysis of individual student data collected over multiple sections of a single course with the same instructor. In all seven sections, over two semesters, principles of microeconomics used a flipped classroom format that features preclass video lectures, daily quizzes and highly interactive class time. In three of the seven sections, the time spent in class was reduced by one-third. For this experiment, student scores on the cumulative final exam evaluate student learning. Students took a survey at the end of the semester to provide feedback on time use during the course and to make observations about the class format.
Findings
Results from this study suggest that despite accountability for the work done outside of class, students score 4.4% points lower on the final exam in the class format that features reduced face-to-face time. However, student comments also suggest that this is a worthwhile tradeoff as they balance work, internships and other nonacademic demands on their time. Student evaluations of the course and instructor are statistically unchanged.
Practical implications
Efficiency in educational delivery is an ongoing concern for students and faculty. This research demonstrates that a classroom that is both flipped and hybrid makes better use of student and faculty time, provides a richer learning experience and only modestly reduces student learning. It is notable that students report a preference for the hybrid classroom model, despite modestly lower levels of learning.
Originality/value
While research has been done on flipped and hybrid classrooms separately, this is the first paper to isolate the effect of seat time within the flipped classroom context. This research addresses the flipped classroom design's ability to mitigate the documented reduction in student learning that often results from reduced class time or an increase in online learning.
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Diane Preston and Alison Smith
Describes an investigation into the use of the accreditation ofprior learning (APL) within management training and development. Areview of training managers use and opinions of…
Abstract
Describes an investigation into the use of the accreditation of prior learning (APL) within management training and development. A review of training managers use and opinions of APL within companies in the East Midlands region revealed some surprises. Despite the promotion of APL and its benefits through the Management Charter Initiative (MCI) managers remain somewhat sceptical and confused about the APL process.
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Few issues in recent times have so provoked debate and dissention within the library field as has the concept of fees for user services. The issue has aroused the passions of our…
Abstract
Few issues in recent times have so provoked debate and dissention within the library field as has the concept of fees for user services. The issue has aroused the passions of our profession precisely because its roots and implications extend far beyond the confines of just one service discipline. Its reflection is mirrored in national debates about the proper spheres of the public and private sectors—in matters of information generation and distribution, certainly, but in a host of other social ramifications as well, amounting virtually to a debate about the most basic values which we have long assumed to constitute the very framework of our democratic and humanistic society.
The Depository Library Program was established to provide government information to the general public. The libraries that are appointed to this program assume complete fiscal…
Abstract
The Depository Library Program was established to provide government information to the general public. The libraries that are appointed to this program assume complete fiscal responsibility for providing this service. Recent policy decisions within the federal government evidence a trend toward a continuing decline in the availability of nonelectric government information. Depository libraries need to increase their budgets to maintain bibliographic, physical, and intellectual access to this information as costs rise.
For a library planning to add to a collection and develop a bibliography in a given area, the computer database can be a key factor in terms of efficiency of the process and the…
Abstract
For a library planning to add to a collection and develop a bibliography in a given area, the computer database can be a key factor in terms of efficiency of the process and the comprehensiveness of the end result. The Ohio State University Libraries (OSUL) in Columbus, Ohio house the outstanding William Charvat Collection of American Fiction, named in honor of a distinguished professor of American authorship at Ohio State University. For works published in the 18th and 19th centuries, the Charvat Collection compares favorably with collections at Yale University, the Henry E. Huntington Library, and the American Antiquarian Society. The Charvat collection is particularly strong for the period 1876–1900. Among 20th‐century titles, its holdings for the period 1901–1925 are rivalled only by the Library of Congress. Efforts have begun to develop holdings in American fiction from 1926 through the present.
A survey of current work on database systems is presented. The area is divided into three main sectors: data models, data languages and support for database operations. Data…
Abstract
A survey of current work on database systems is presented. The area is divided into three main sectors: data models, data languages and support for database operations. Data models are presented as the link between the database and the real world. Languages range from formal algebraic languages to attempts to use a dialogue in English to formulate queries. The support includes hardware for content addressing, database machines and software techniques for optimizing and evaluating group expressions. Mathematical models are used to organize this support. Throughout there is a tutorial component and evaluation, which in both cases is related to the application of database ideas to documentation.