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The lubricating fluid stored in the porous matrix will spontaneously exude to supplement the lubricating film in the damaged area, thus ensuring the long-term self-lubricating function of the porous surface. To reveal the repair mechanism of oil film, it is necessary to understand the flow characteristics of oil in micropores. The purpose of this study guides the design of micropore structure to realize the rapid exudation of oil to the porous surface and the rapid repair of the lubricating film.

In this paper, cylindrical orifice, convergent orifice and divergent orifice were studied. The numerical model of lubricating oil exudation in micropores was established. The distribution characteristics of oil pressure, velocity and three-phase contact line in the process of oil exudation were investigated. The effects of different orifice shapes and orifice structure parameters on the pinning and spreading characteristics of oil droplet were analyzed. Then the internal mechanisms of oil droplet formation and spread on the orifice surface were summarized.

The results show that during the process of oil exudation, the three-phase contact line of the oil drop is pinned once at the edge of the cylindrical and convergent orifice. Compared with the three orifice structures, the inlet pressure of the oil drop is low, and the oil velocity at the pinning point is stable in the divergent orifice. Resulting in favorable oil exudation. It is easier for oil droplet to depin by appropriately reducing the wall wetting angle, increasing the aperture or controlling the wall inclination angle. Ensure the self-healing and long-lasting lubrication film of porous oil-bearing surfaces.

The effect of pore structure on the flow behavior of lubricating fluid has always been concerned. But the mechanism by which different orifice shape affect the pinning behavior of oil droplets is not yet clear, which is crucial for understanding the self-healing mechanism of oil films on porous surfaces. It is meaningful to analyze the mechanism of oil exudation and spreading on the porous surface of oil in the special orifice, to optimize the design of the orifice structure.

Orifice shape has influence on internal flow field parameters. There is no report on the influence of orifice shape on the film formation process of oil seepage and diffusion from pores. The effects of different orifice shapes and orifice structure parameters on the characteristics of oil droplet pinning and diffusion were studied.

The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-04-2024-0118/

This study aims to (1) validate the effectiveness of customer integration in enhancing firms’ green innovation and (2) explore the respective impacts of regulatory pressure and market changes on the effectiveness of integration mechanisms, thereby identifying the optimal integration outcomes for firms across different contexts.

Utilizing an integrated theoretical framework based on the extended resource-based view (ERBV) and contingency theory, this study examines the complex interactions among customer integration, regulatory pressure, market changes and green innovation. The analysis is based on a dataset of 293 responses from manufacturing firms in mainland China. Hierarchical regression analysis was employed to rigorously test the proposed hypotheses.

The key outcomes of this research are summarized in two major findings: (1) integrating customers into a firm’s processes meaningfully boosts green innovation initiatives and (2) market dynamics have been found to amplify the positive impact of customer integration on green innovation, whereas regulatory pressure significantly and negatively moderates this relationship.

This study uniquely integrates multiple theoretical perspectives, providing a richer understanding of how various contextual factors influence the relationship between customer integration and green innovation. These findings contribute original insights to the literature, highlighting how different contextual factors interact with customer integration and offering practical insights for firms to make strategic decisions in diverse contexts.

The purpose of this paper is to prepare poly(sodium‐p‐styrenesulphonate) (PSSNa) and investigate the effects of polymerisation conditions on the polymerisation rate of sodium styrenesulphonate (SSNa) and molecular weight of PSSNa.

SSNa polymers were prepared in both solution state and solid state by the γ‐ray radiation‐induced polymerisation. The molecular weight of polymer was measured with Ubbelohde viscosimeter and the molecular structure was characterised with IR and UV spectrophotometers.

In the radiation‐induced polymerisation of SSNa, factors such as irradiation dose rate, total dose, irradiation temperature, additives, etc. have impacts on the polymerisation rate, polymer yield and molecular weight of polymer. In aqueous solution, the reacted monomer number of SSNa and the total activation energy (Ea) of polymerisation were found to be 1.28×10⁴mol/100 eV and 12.98 kJ/mol, respectively. In the solid state, the SSNa was polymerised too, although the irradiation dose needed for the polymerisation was much higher comparing with that in the liquid state.

There are few reports on polymerisation process for the preparation of PSSNa via radiation techniques.

PSSNa has been widely used in many fields. Polymers prepared by radiation‐induced polymerisation could be used in special aspects such as biomedical application which requires products of higher purity.

The paper provides a way for the preparation of higher purity PSSNa without the use of polymerisation initiator.

This study aims to investigate the use of CdO nanoparticles with recycled aggregates (RAs) and its effect on the structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) slab elements.

The study has been conducted through three phases: in the first phase, the structure of lab-synthesized CdO nanoparticles was investigated and then cement was partially replaced by CdO nanoparticles to estimate the optimum dose. The second phase focused on the properties of the RA collected from demolition wastes. In the third phase, RC slabs with different concrete mixes using RA and CdO nanoparticles were experimentally tested.

The results indicated good effect of using CdO nanoparticles with RA to improve the RC slab specimens’ behavior compared with the control specimen.

In present times, nanoparticles have a promising importance in the construction field. The influence of nanoparticles on the compressive strength of the concrete has been investigated by many researchers, but using it with RA is considered a new topic.