Cara-Lynn Scheuer, Catherine Loughlin, Dianne Ford and Dennis Edwards
Successful knowledge transfer (KT) between younger and older workers (YW and OW, respectively) is critical for organizational success, especially in light of the recent surge in…
Abstract
Purpose
Successful knowledge transfer (KT) between younger and older workers (YW and OW, respectively) is critical for organizational success, especially in light of the recent surge in employment volatility among the youngest and oldest segments of the workforce. Yet, practitioners and scholars alike continue to struggle with knowing how best to facilitate these exchanges. The qualitative study offers insight into this phenomenon by exploring how KT unfolds in YW/OW dyads.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors performed a reflexive thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with two samples of blue- and white-collar younger/older workers from the USA (N = 40), whereby the authors interpreted the “lived experiences” of these workers when engaged in interdependent tasks.
Findings
The analysis, informed by social exchange theory and exchange theories of aging, led to the development of the knowledge transfer process model in younger/older worker dyads (KT-YOD). The model illustrates that, through different combinations of competence and humility, KT success is experienced either directly (by workers weighing the perceived benefits versus costs of KT) and/or indirectly (through different bases of trust/distrust perceived within their dyads). Further, humility in dyads appears to be necessary for KT success, while competence was insufficient for realizing KT success, independently.
Originality/value
In exposing new inner workings of the KT process in YW/OW dyads, the study introduces the importance of humility and brings scholars and organizations a step closer toward realizing the benefits of age diversity in their workplaces.
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Dominick Edwards, Dennis R. Self and Mike Schraeder
The purpose of this paper is to retroactively study a positive organizational change by showing how the elements of readiness creation and the change strategies in a widely…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to retroactively study a positive organizational change by showing how the elements of readiness creation and the change strategies in a widely accepted change model applied to a 20‐month change in one US Army company.
Design/methodology/approach
The commander was not familiar with many of the contemporary change management models. Retrospective analysis of the change strategies reveals congruence with components of a widely accepted change model. The commander's actions, matched with the model's components, highlighting the model's potential value in the military.
Findings
The most significant finding is that a military commander with limited theoretical experience in organizational change successfully turned around a military unit while unconsciously paralleling an existing change model, suggesting that the military should study the model further.
Research limitations/implications
The paper is limited by the number of organizations studied.
Practical implications
One implication is that military leaders and other professionals can benefit by looking outside traditional sources for tools and inspiration to solve challenging problems in their unique environments.
Originality/value
This application of the organizational change model outside a business setting suggests that the model may have greater utility than previously thought. Additionally, the application of business change management strategy in a military organization impacts on military professionals who are seeking new ways of conducting operations. Finally, the paper is original because of the retroactive change model application, suggesting the model is grounded in leadership and organizational development theory and practice.
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For many decades, destination marketing organizations have evolved in their structure and in their programming, especially as targeted toward leisure travel and tourism markets…
Abstract
For many decades, destination marketing organizations have evolved in their structure and in their programming, especially as targeted toward leisure travel and tourism markets. They changed their focus to internet communication, then to brand strategy and destination management, and most recently to address disruptions from the tourism online gig economy consisting of myriad microentrepreneurs, some sharing local experiences directly with tourists. This chapter relates how Raleigh, USA, and its tourism office have begun to embrace tourism microentrepreneurship through strategic planning efforts and specific programs of the last five years. It concludes with implications for how small and medium destinations can structure new programs, policies, and interactions to support marketplaces of tourism microentrepreneurs as part of holistic tourism-related economic development.
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The Annual Report of the Ministry of Health for the year 1928–1929 states that 129,034 samples of food and drugs were reported upon by Public Analysts in England and Wales in…
Abstract
The Annual Report of the Ministry of Health for the year 1928–1929 states that 129,034 samples of food and drugs were reported upon by Public Analysts in England and Wales in 1928, an increase of 4,770 over 1927. Of these samples, 7,524 were reported as adulterated or not up to standard, a proportion of 5·8 per cent., the same as in 1926, and slightly more than the proportion (5·5 per cent.) for 1927. It is noteworthy that apart from milk there was a substantial reduction in the recorded percentage of adulteration (viz., from 4·2 in 1926 and 3·9 in 1927 to 3·2 in 1928) in spite of the operation of the Preservatives Regulations. The appointments of 46 Public Analysts in England were approved during the year.
The purpose of this paper is to show how the rise in popularity of the recently elected President will have a beneficial effect or otherwise on the prosperity of the United States…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to show how the rise in popularity of the recently elected President will have a beneficial effect or otherwise on the prosperity of the United States of America.
Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.
Findings
Shows how Obama's personal qualities have helped to get to the White house.
Originality/value
The most welcomed US president arrives at the same moment as one of the most economically uncertain times for decades. His handling of these affairs will be followed keenly by his allies and critics alike.
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Donald Cunnigen and Robert Newby
Barack Obama has had considerable support among scholarly circles since his win in the Iowa primary in early 2008. A segment of the Association of Black Sociologists (ABS), “Black…
Abstract
Purpose
Barack Obama has had considerable support among scholarly circles since his win in the Iowa primary in early 2008. A segment of the Association of Black Sociologists (ABS), “Black and Progressive Sociologists Obama Working Group (BPSOWG),” was particularly active during the 2008 campaign. The purpose of this chapter was to determine if the level and type of activism among this group differed from other progressive groups of sociologists.
Methodology/approach
The data for this study were collected from a web-based survey administered to approximately 800 professional sociologists in the United States. The survey consisted of items that focused on the extent to which respondents supported the Obama campaign for the presidency and the extent to which they were satisfied with and/or agreed with his policies during first two years of his presidency.
Findings
The response rate for the survey was 40% (N=305) and 96% of respondents (N=293) submitted surveys with complete information. Over two-thirds of participants were members of the American Sociological Association Section on Race and Ethnic Relations and 5.5% of respondents identified themselves as members of the BPSOWG. A slight majority (53.6%) of study participants were females and the largest two racial groups making up the study population were whites (47.1%) and African Americans (36.1%). Most of the respondents provided support for President Obama during his first campaign, including financial contributions (66%).
Originality/value
Sociologists who responded to the survey were generally positive about Barack Obama as a candidate and a President. However, the subtle differences between groups about Obama administration policies and the use Presidential power highlighted key areas in which diverse coalitions for progressive change are needed.
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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to clarify the effect of material hardening model and lump-pass method on the thermal-elastic-plastic (TEP) finite element (FE) simulation of residual stress induced by multi-pass welding of materials with cyclic plasticity.
Design/methodology/approach
Nickel-base alloy and stainless steel, which are used in J-type weld for manufacturing the nuclear reactor pressure head, can easily harden during multi-pass welding. The J-weld welding experiment is carried out and the temperature cycle and residual stress are measured to validate the TEP simulation. Thermal-mechanical sequence coupling method is employed to get the welding residual stress. The lumped-pass model and pass-by-pass FE model are built and two materials hardening models, kinematic hardening model and mixed hardening model, are adopted during the simulations. The effects of material hardening models and lumped-pass method on the residual stress in J-weld are distinguished.
Findings
Based on the kinematic hardening model, the stresses simulated with the lumped-pass FE model are almost consistent with those obtained by the pass-by-pass FE model; while with the mixed hardening material model, the lumped-pass method has great effect on the simulated stress.
Practical implications
A computation with mixed isotropic-kinematic material seems not to be the appropriate solution when using the lumped-pass method to save the computation time.
Originality/value
In the simulation of multi-pass welding residual stress involved in materials with cyclic plasticity, the material hardening model should be carefully considered. The kinematic hardening model with lump-pass FE model can be used to get better simulation results with less computation time. The results give a direction for welding residual stress simulation for the large structure such as the reactor pressure vessel.
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Ranjeet Rai, Vikash Kumar and R.R. Sahoo
Nowadays fossil fuel prices have increased; therefore, consumption of energy reduction has become a significant issue. Hence, this study aims to explore energy-efficient…
Abstract
Purpose
Nowadays fossil fuel prices have increased; therefore, consumption of energy reduction has become a significant issue. Hence, this study aims to explore energy-efficient mechanical devices and their energy management.
Design/methodology/approach
This study focused on numerical analysis of various factors, including pressure drop, sensitivity, heat transfer and friction factor. This study compared the performance of two different arrangements of the heat exchanger: flat tube and staggered circular tube. This study also investigated the impact of varying coolant volume fractions.
Findings
This numerical analysis compares the geometric properties of flat and circular tube cross-sections while considering the flow of nanofluid inside and air outside. The current experimental investigation specifically examines the temperature-dependent characteristics (specific heat capacity, viscosity, density and thermal conductivity) of the stable ternary hybrid nanofluid mixture composed of Al2O3, CuO and TiO2.
Originality/value
While several researchers have conducted numerical investigations on laminar flow in circular tubes, only a few studies are available on flat tube heat exchangers that use nanofluids just for internal flow. Furthermore, there is no simultaneous study on internal and exterior flow. Therefore, more investigation is necessary to examine the combined three-dimensional examination of shapes and their thermal-hydraulic influence using hybrid nanofluids.
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Philein Hafidz Al Kautsar and Nur Budi Mulyono
The purpose of this study is to develop an ecosystem-based DRR concept and explore how far the concept can be applied in a disaster-management context.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to develop an ecosystem-based DRR concept and explore how far the concept can be applied in a disaster-management context.
Design/methodology/approach
The authors used the ecosystem concept established by Tsujimoto et al. (2018) as the foundation of this study. They then conducted a literature search to adapt the ecosystem concept to fit the context of disaster management. Thus, they developed an ecosystem-based DRR concept. They used a case study method to test whether the adapted ecosystem concept can be applied to examine a real-life case of disaster management. For data collection, they used qualitative methods; a semi-structured interview with practitioners and other actors involved in disaster-management practice as well as document review. For data analysis, they used thematic analysis to find themes within the data.
Findings
By using this concept, the authors found some actors fulfil their role in the ecosystem toward the DRR effort, some actors are ill-equipped, and some actors are actively working against DRR effort. There are also implementation challenges, as numerous programs are only halfway done due to a lack of resources. However, the main problems of this disaster can be summarized into three categories: technical problems, socio-economic problems and law-enforcement problems. All three problems need to be addressed altogether because even neglecting only one problem would lead to a flawed solution.
Research limitations/implications
One of the limitations is the respondents' bias. This research aims to find out their part, or more accurately what they are representative of, regarding disaster management for forest and land fire case. As some of the questions may reveal unflattering action or may even hurting their credibility, respondents might not have provided an entirely honest answer. Another limitation is the differing respondents' roles within the disaster. As each of the respondents is a representative of an actor in disaster management, they all have different traits. Thus, this situation makes it challenging to produce similar quality and quantity data for each of them.
Practical implications
As concluded, the ecosystem-based DRR concept can be used as a framework to examine a real-life case of disaster management. It can be utilized to explain roles, relationships and the whole network of disaster-management actors. The authors hope that this concept could help decision-makers in designing their policies.
Social implications
The main problems of this disaster can be summarized into three categories: technical problems, socio-economic problems and law-enforcement problems. All three problems need to be addressed altogether for even neglecting only one problem would lead to a flawed solution. However, the yearly reoccurrences of fires and the widespread of illegal and dangerous practice, slash and burn agriculture, are evidence that the government mishandles the other two problems. There is a need for reform within legal institutions and government's treatment regarding local farmers. There is a need for trust, cooperation and synergy between disaster-management actors.
Originality/value
The ecosystem concept has been used widely in the field of management of technology and innovation. However, while ecosystem concept is commonly used in the management of technology and innovation, it is rarely used in a disaster-management context.
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Shellyanne Wilson and Dennis Nurse
Operations Management Quality Management.
Abstract
Subject area
Operations Management Quality Management.
Study level/applicability
The case can be used in a number of course contexts, including undergraduate and graduate courses in operations management and quality management.
Case overview
Central Tobacco Plant (CTP) is a tobacco processing and packaging company, operating in the Central America and Caribbean region. This case focuses on a waste measurement exercise conducted in the cigarette production department of CTP, which was commissioned by George Edwards, the Secondary Manufacturing Department Manager. The reason for the exercise was the announcement that CTP could possibly face a plant audit, where a poor result could cause the shifting of manufacturing of some products, or, in the worst case scenario, all of it product lines, to one of the larger, and more efficient manufacturing plants in the Central America and Caribbean region. The waste measurement exercise is carried out as a three-week student–industry project by two students pursuing an MSc programme at the local university, who are mentored by both Edwards and by a university supervisor. At the end of the exercise, Edwards needs to consider the appropriateness of the current waste measurement system, the quantities of waste produced and opportunities to reduce waste.
Expected learning outcomes
The case has four primary learning objectives: to illustrate the role of performance measurement in process improvement, to explore the perspective of lean manufacturing in waste management, to apply basic quality tools in the analysis of a manufacturing process and to identify opportunities for process improvement.
Supplementary materials
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Subject code
CSS 9: Operations and Logistics