José Jaime Taha-Tijerina, GerardoTadeo Garza and Demófilo Maldonado-Cortés
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of microcavities, diameter and depth, in tribological performance, of the application of laser surface texturing (LST) and LST…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effects of microcavities, diameter and depth, in tribological performance, of the application of laser surface texturing (LST) and LST gradient (LSTG) techniques, to understand and define the critical parameters of these techniques in sheet-metal forming tools.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper studies the effect of studied critical parameters of LST and LSTG techniques, on block-on-ring configuration for tribology evaluation. Experimental design parameters for LST and LSTG are proposed and evaluated for the best tribology performance (COF and wear).
Findings
The results show that the application of optimized LST process could represent a 42 per cent improvement on the COF and up to 86 per cent enhancement in the COF results for the LSTG application.
Practical implications
The results show that LST and LSTG techniques present significant positive effects on the tribological properties of sheet-metal forming materials.
Originality/value
This demonstrates the potential of LST technique applied to industrial tooling, and the LSTG pattern which further increases the benefits obtained with the LST technique, particularly in which friction and wear areas are critical. A response surface map is developed to determine the control parameters which are useful for the tooling design. These techniques could be used for metal-forming applications like deep-drawing, achieving an increased tool life.
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Keywords
Laura Peña-Parás, Patricio García-Pineda, Demófilo Maldonado-Cortés, Gerardo Tadeo Garza and Jaime Taha-Tijerina
The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of temperature on the extreme-pressure (EP) properties of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle-filled polymeric lubricants for…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this work is to investigate the effect of temperature on the extreme-pressure (EP) properties of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle-filled polymeric lubricants for metal-forming processes.
Design/methodology/approach
This paper studies the effect of nanoparticle additives of CuO and TiO2 on the load-carrying capacity of a metal-forming polymer lubricant used for deep-drawing at varying temperatures. EP measurements are performed with a four-ball tribotester according to the ITeE-PIB Polish method for testing lubricants under scuffing conditions. Tests are run at 25, 40, 60 and 75°C to further decrease the lubricant film thickness and determine the effect on the load-carrying capacity and the tribological mechanisms of nanoparticles. The tribological mechanisms of nanoparticles is studied using energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS).
Findings
Results indicate that nanoparticle additives increase the load-carrying capacity of the polymeric lubricant at all concentrations up to 60°C attributed to a mending effect and a reduction in the area of contact of moving surfaces; at 75°C, the improvement is lowered due to nanoparticle re-agglomeration. The best results are found with TiO2 nanoparticles due to their smaller size compared to CuO.
Practical implications
Nanoparticles of CuO and TiO2 are potential EP additives for metal-forming lubricants, providing protection to working components and extending tool life.
Originality/value
These results show the effectiveness and the tribological mechanisms of nanoparticle additives under EP conditions and increasing temperatures found in metal-forming processes.
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Keywords
Laura Peña-Parás, Demófilo Maldonado-Cortés, Jaime Taha-Tijerina, Patricio García-Pineda, Gerardo Tadeo Garza, Mariana Irigoyen, Jorge Gutiérrez and Dario Sánchez
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extreme pressure properties of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle additives with the incorporation of a surfactant within a synthetic fluid for…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the extreme pressure properties of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle additives with the incorporation of a surfactant within a synthetic fluid for metal-forming applications.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper studies the effect of CuO and TiO2 nanoparticle additives at various concentrations (0.01, 0.05 and 0.10 wt. per cent) in a synthetic lubricant fluid under extreme pressure conditions. Oleic acid surfactant is added to the nanolubricant to improve dispersion and stability of nanoparticles. Extreme pressure tribological tests are performed on a four-ball T-02 tribotester according to the ITEePib Polish method for testing lubricants under conditions of scuffing.
Findings
The results show that the addition CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles under the presence of OA resulted in an increase of the load-carrying capacity (poz) of the lubricant up to 137 and 60 per cent, respectively. The seizure load was also increased by 50 and 15 per cent, respectively.
Practical implications
The results show that CuO and TiO2 nanoparticles can be successfully used as additives improving extreme pressure properties of lubricants.
Originality/value
This demonstrates the potential of nanoparticle additives using surfactants for improving the extreme pressure properties of lubricants. These nanolubricants can be used for metal-forming applications like deep-drawing, achieving an increased tool life.