The purpose of this paper is to understand the classification of musical medium, which is a critical part of music classification. It considers how musical medium is currently…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to understand the classification of musical medium, which is a critical part of music classification. It considers how musical medium is currently classified, provides a theoretical understanding of what is currently problematic, and proposes a model which rethinks the classification of medium and resolves these issues.
Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is drawn from existing classification schemes, additionally using musicological and knowledge organization literature where relevant. The paper culminates in the design of a model of musical medium.
Findings
The analysis elicits sub-facets, orders and categorizations of medium: there is a strict categorization between vocal and instrumental music, a categorization based on broad size, and important sub-facets for multiples, accompaniment and arrangement. Problematically, there is a mismatch between the definitiveness of library and information science vocal/instrumental categorization and the blurred nature of real musical works; arrangements and accompaniments are limited by other categorizations; multiple voices and groups are not accommodated. So, a model with a radical new structure is proposed which resolves these classification issues.
Research limitations/implications
The results could be used to further understanding of music classification generally, for Western art music and other types of music.
Practical implications
The resulting model could be used to improve and design new classification schemes and to improve understanding of music retrieval.
Originality/value
Deep theoretical analysis of music classification is rare, so this paper’s approach is original. Furthermore, the paper’s value lies in studying a vital area of music classification which is not currently understood, and providing explanations and solutions. The proposed model is novel in structure and concept, and its original structure could be adapted for other knotty subjects.
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Craig Steel, Zoe Travers, Lynette Meredith, Deborah Lee, Michael Conti and Anne Scoging
The purpose is to report on the mental health response to the Grenfell incident within the London Fire Brigade (LFB).
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose is to report on the mental health response to the Grenfell incident within the London Fire Brigade (LFB).
Design/methodology/approach
The LFB implemented screening for the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at 28 days, 3 months and 6 months for all personnel directly involved in the incident.
Findings
The prevalence of PTSD within frontline personnel was 13.4% at 28 days, falling to 7.6% at 6 months. The LFB's internal Counselling and Wellbeing Service offered treatment to those scoring above the cut-off for PTSD along with accepting self-referral and referrals from line managers and occupational health. There were 139 referrals within the 12-month period following the incident.
Research limitations/implications
The outcomes for those who engaged in treatment are broadly in line with other studies evaluating post-disaster interventions. Issues for consideration within national guidelines are discussed.
Practical implications
The screen and treat approach adopted by LFB was shown to be a feasible approach to use within such a scenario.
Originality/value
The current study reports on a screen and treat approach to one of the largest single incidents in the UK in recent years.
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The transition from graduate student to new faculty member can be an exciting and challenging period in an academic career. New faculty members must successfully balance service…
Abstract
The transition from graduate student to new faculty member can be an exciting and challenging period in an academic career. New faculty members must successfully balance service obligations, research demands, and teaching responsibilities. Numerous guides have been developed to assist new faculty members in developing their careers. This selective bibliography identifies sources that can assist both graduate students and new faculty members as they develop their academic career.
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Surveys have demonstrated that men and women are the victims and perpetrators of workplace bullying. Consequently, most researchers have failed to explore the gender dynamics of…
Abstract
Surveys have demonstrated that men and women are the victims and perpetrators of workplace bullying. Consequently, most researchers have failed to explore the gender dynamics of this phenomenon. Draws upon qualitative interviews, which highlight the ways in which workplace bullying has developed in the context of new organisational arrangements and management techniques in the UK Civil Service, to show how the workplace bullying of women and men is informed by judgements of “appropriate” gender conduct and pressure to conform with such norms. As such, seeks to claim workplace bullying as a subject worthy of sustained feminist research.
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This article's aim is to describe the history, purpose, challenges, strategies, and progress of California's Mental Health Oversight and Accountability Commission (MHSOAC)…
Abstract
Purpose
This article's aim is to describe the history, purpose, challenges, strategies, and progress of California's Mental Health Oversight and Accountability Commission (MHSOAC), created by California's pioneering Proposition 63 (Mental Health Services Act). California voters passed this initiative in 2004 to expand and transform public mental health services.
Design/methodology/approach
This case study is based on observations of the author, who has worked with the Commission since its inception, and the study is adapted from a 2009 article by one of the original Commissioners who served from 2005‐2008. The article focuses on challenges and opportunities for oversight in an environment of stakeholders' high and diverse expectations, limited direct state authority, and significant and broad budget challenges.
Findings
The Commission prioritizes evaluation as its principal strategy with a primary goal of using evaluation results for quality improvement. Implementing this strategy, with limited county reporting requirements, inadequate data systems, and insufficient funds designated for evaluation, is a continuing challenge. Other key challenges – and opportunities – include passionate stakeholders with high and divergent expectations, a de‐centralized public mental health, and a statewide fiscal and budget crisis.
Research limitations/implications
The paper relies on the observations of two key participants: a former Commissioner and the Commission's staff psychologist. Participant observation brings opportunities for bias as well as insight. Diverse stakeholders undoubtedly would provide different perspectives on the progress of Proposition 63 and on the MHSOAC.
Practical implications
The Commission developed a logic model that defines strategies for oversight and accountability and links these strategies to Proposition 63's intended outcomes for California's public mental health services system and clients.
Social implications
The success of California's Proposition 63 in transforming mental health delivery from a “fail first” crisis system to a “help first” proactive system has implications for integrated healthcare delivery that includes mental health.
Originality/value
The California emphasis on recovery, resilience, and wellness for diverse people with and at risk of serious mental illness is consistent with national and world‐wide recommendations and initiatives and is one of the largest efforts to transform a mental health system to reflect these values.
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The term “workplace bullying” migrated to the UK from Scandinavian countries in the early 1990s as an interpretation of persistent, offensive, abusive, intimidating, malicious or…
Abstract
The term “workplace bullying” migrated to the UK from Scandinavian countries in the early 1990s as an interpretation of persistent, offensive, abusive, intimidating, malicious or insulting behaviour, abuse of power or unfair penal sanctions which makes the recipient feel upset, threatened, humiliated or vulnerable, undermines their self‐confidence and which may cause them to suffer stress. This article traces the emergence of workplace bullying in UK media presentations, trade union publications, self‐help literature and academic discussions. An analysis is offered of whether workplace bullying should be considered a new problem, or instead whether it might be viewed as a new interpretation for an existing problem. I draw from qualitative interviews with bullied men and women to discuss how workers are deploying the concept of workplace bullying. My analysis demonstrates that “workplace bullying” supplies a helpful interpretation for a range of unfair practices, but that the current emphasis on persistent and/or harmful experiences should be problematised.
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The institution of tenure has elicited debate and controversy since its introduction in higher education. Proponents argue the need for tenure based on academic freedom and…
Abstract
The institution of tenure has elicited debate and controversy since its introduction in higher education. Proponents argue the need for tenure based on academic freedom and efficient university governance. Critics argue that it represents inefficiency in the higher education labor market and protects less productive faculty members. The use of tenure in academic libraries has been no less controversial, with only 40−60% of academic libraries supporting tenure track positions for academic librarians. This dichotomy in the labor market for academic librarians represents a natural experiment and allows for the testing of the presence of a compensating wage differential for tenure.
This study examines 10 years’ worth of cross-sectional data drawn from member libraries of the Association of Research Libraries (ARL). Models examine both the institutional characteristics of tenure-granting ARL academic libraries and the impact of tenure on starting salaries. Issues related to both a union wage premium and a compensating wage differential due to tenure are explored. The results of this research suggest that tenure, while serving other functions within an academic library setting, does not have the predicted impact on starting salaries.
It is difficult for me to believe that this series has been around for a quarter of a century. But then it is hard to rationalize a belief that I am still a young man. As we begin…
Abstract
It is difficult for me to believe that this series has been around for a quarter of a century. But then it is hard to rationalize a belief that I am still a young man. As we begin the 26th volume of ALAO, it seems useful to consider the work that has come before. Twenty-five volumes of research studies and papers focused on library management and organizational issues may be a significant milestone for any monograph series in our profession, but it also represents an opportunity to step back, catch one's editorial breath, and take stock of near-term future directions. Clearly, some monograph series never see a 25th anniversary, while others have been pressed to change focus entirely. Yet others have become less-than-relevant to real-world professional challenges. For better or worse, this series has carried on, and, again, as one of our editors noted a few volumes back, offers the reader “an eclectic collection of papers that convey the results of the kind of research that managers need, mixing theory with a good dose of pragmatism.” Since the first volume in 1982, the aim has been to provide a publication venue for those manuscripts that are typically longer than most journal articles but shorter than most books. Moreover, the idea then as now was to relieve authors of the constraints that sometimes attend other genre and at the same time to encourage the presentation of thoughtful pieces that integrate theory and practice. Call me hidebound if you will, but as we offer Volume 26, I would argue that we have stayed true to our tradition of providing good research pieces that are worth reading.