Leticia Bode, David S. Lassen, Young Mie Kim, Dhavan V. Shah, Erika Franklin Fowler, Travis Ridout and Michael Franz
Despite the growing use of social media by politicians, especially during election campaigns, research on the integration of these media into broader campaign communication…
Abstract
Purpose
Despite the growing use of social media by politicians, especially during election campaigns, research on the integration of these media into broader campaign communication strategies remains rare. The purpose of this paper is to ask what the consequences of the transition to social media may be, specifically considering how Senate candidates’ use of a popular social network, Twitter, is related to their messaging via broadcast media in the form of campaign advertising, in terms of content and tone.
Design/methodology/approach
To address this research question, a unique data set combining every tweet (10,303) and every television ad aired (576,933 ad airings) by candidate campaigns for the US Senate during the 2010 campaign is created. Using these data, tweets and ads are analyzed for their references to issues as well as their overall tone.
Findings
Findings demonstrate that social messaging often resembles broadcast advertising, but that Twitter nonetheless occupies a unique place in modern campaigns in that its tone tends to be quite different than that of advertisements.
Research limitations/implications
This sheds light on a larger debate about whether online campaigning has produced a fundamental change in election practices or whether new media simply extend “campaigning as usual.”
Originality/value
This study uses a novel data set, encompassing the complete universe of ads and tweets distributed by candidates for Senate in 2010.
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Douglas J. Ernest and Lewis B. Herman
In recent years, guides to hiking trails and wilderness areas have enjoyed an increase in popularity. Here, Douglas J. Ernest and Lewis B. Herman evaluate more than 100 such books.
This study investigates how environmental conditions for development in reading, as well as support in Braille and assistive technology, have influenced the literacy of 11 pupils…
Abstract
This study investigates how environmental conditions for development in reading, as well as support in Braille and assistive technology, have influenced the literacy of 11 pupils in Norwegian mainstream schools. It was recommended that these pupils learn to read both Braille and print because of their severe visual impairments ie. a visual acuity of 0.1 (20/200), or complicated visual functioning. Their reading and participation in a modern society depends on extensive use of assistive technology. The analysis is based on the pupils' coping strategies in reading and interviews with pupils, teachers and parents. Findings show that the pupils have appropriate reading devices for Braille and print, but technical aid for Braille is infrequently used. Lack of competence in Braille and reading devices at school and home will influence stimulation of literacy and choice of reading media. Possibilities in assistive technology are thus not fully realised. Each pupil's individual needs, as well as ways in which support and stimulation could be provided, should therefore be addressed when recommending reading media and devices.
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Dayang Hafiza Abang Ahmad, Corina Joseph and Roshima Said
This chapter examines the determinants of accountability practices disclosure on the websites of Malaysian local authorities, from the institutional isomorphism perspective.
Abstract
Purpose
This chapter examines the determinants of accountability practices disclosure on the websites of Malaysian local authorities, from the institutional isomorphism perspective.
Design/methodology
A content analysis was employed to examine the websites of all local authorities in Malaysia. A modified accountability disclosure index was used to examine the extent of accountability practices disclosure on websites. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to examine the significant impact of institutional factors on the accountability practices disclosure.
Findings
The results suggest that, on average, Malaysian local authorities have disclosed 42 items (or 42%) of the accountability practices disclosure on the websites. The implementation of innovation activities, political competition and press visibility has statistically influenced the extent of accountability practices disclosure of Malaysian local authorities on the websites on the premise of coercive isomorphism.
Research limitations/implications
This chapter highlights the institutional factors that influence the extent of online accountability practices disclosure of local authorities in developing countries. The findings therefore enable local authorities to explore the best possible approaches to effectively discharge accountability and to promote greater transparency through the dissemination of information on the website.
Originality/value
This chapter contributes to the public sector accounting literature by introducing new institutional factors that influence the disclosure practice of local authorities in Malaysia i.e. the establishment of the Integrity Unit and implementation of innovation activities under the public sector reform agenda.
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This study aims to investigate the impact of the enforcement of the international anti-bribery legal framework in developing countries.
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the impact of the enforcement of the international anti-bribery legal framework in developing countries.
Design/methodology/approach
It uses the PetroTiger case to examine the effects of foreign bribery prosecutions in Colombia, from a bribe-receivers perspective. PetroTiger is a USA-based company that was prosecuted for bribing public officials in Colombia. As a result, the public officials involved were also prosecuted in Colombia for receiving bribes. This case serves to illustrate how international anti-bribery law operates in practice and how it impacts Colombian law enforcement institutions and their capacity to prosecute bribe-receivers. The Colombian response to the international anti-corruption framework is examined in this study through the review of legislative efforts taken to address the problems of bribery and corruption in public procurement.
Findings
This study finds that enforcement of foreign bribery laws raise awareness of the situation of corruption in developing countries, generate parallel prosecutions of individuals at the receiving end of bribes and helps developing countries to develop technical expertise to fight corruption.
Practical implications
In practice, due to the transnational nature of foreign bribery, without international agreements, this type of corruption in international business would seldom lead to prosecution. Although the effectiveness of the enforcement of international anti-corruption law is debated, in reality, prosecutions of foreign bribery by developed countries have more positive than negative implications for developing countries.
Social implications
Assist to continue efforts to deter corruption.
Originality/value
No many studies have looked at the effectiveness of anti-corruption international law in developing countries. As indicated by Mr. Moulette Patrick head of Anti-Corruption Division at organisation for economic co-operation and development more research on the effectiveness of the UN enacted Convention against Corruption, which is what this paper does.
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Als ich im Jahre 1956 meinen Artikel über “Einige soziologische Aspekte des Fremdenverkehrs” (“Zeitschrift für Fremdenverkehr”, 11. Jg., Nr. 4) schrieb, war es noch reichlich…
Abstract
Als ich im Jahre 1956 meinen Artikel über “Einige soziologische Aspekte des Fremdenverkehrs” (“Zeitschrift für Fremdenverkehr”, 11. Jg., Nr. 4) schrieb, war es noch reichlich gewagt, den Tourismus konsequent als Erscheinung der industriellen Gesellschaft, und zwar im Zusammenhang mit den Freizeitproblemen, zu behandeln. Ich hielt damals abschliessend die Zeit dafür reif, “dass mit dem ganzen Arsenal der von verschiedenen Richtungen der Soziologie erarbeiteten Begriffe, Methoden und Einsichten der Fremdenverkehr durchleuchtet würde”. Die von mir derart aufgeworfenen Fragen lagen offenbar bereits in der Luft, da nämlich schon im gleichen Jahre 1956 aus dem Seminar für Sozialwissenschaften an der Universität Hamburg, unter der Leitung des bekannten Soziologen Helmut Schelsky (jetzt in Münster in Westfalen), eine Arbeit über “Freizeit in der industriellen Gesellschaft, dargestellt an der jüngeren Generation”, von Viggo Graf Blücher, im Ferdinand Enke Verlag, Stuttgart, erschien und eine Untersuchung von Hans‐Joachim Knebel über “Soziologische Struhturwandlungen im modernen Tourismus“ ihren Abschluss fand, die aber erst im Jahre 1960 vom selben Verlag veröffentlicht wurde, und zwar in der von Jantke, Neundörfer und Schlesky edierten Schriftenreihe “Soziologische Gegenwartsfragen” (Neue Folge). Namentlich diese Schrift hat in den Kreisen der Fremdenverkehrsfachleute Beachtung gefunden und mit Recht zu vielen Diskussionen Anlass gegeben. Sie hat — man mag sich zu Knebels Feststellungen und Folgerungen stellen wie man will — in das touristische Schrifttum eine neue, wertvolle Note gebracht und wesentlich dazu beigetragen, dass man über das reichlich öde gewordene Denken mit Gäste‐ und Logiernächte‐Zahlen hinwegkommt. Die Struktur und Rolle des Fremdenverkehrs treten nun in den Rahmen der modernen Gesellschaft, und die Auswirkungen des sozialen Wandels in dieser Gesellschaft auf den Tourismus werden der Allgemeinheit bewusster. Der Durchbruch in der Betrachtungsweise ist H. J. Knebel gelungen; er hat der Blickrichtung mit seiner Untersuchung einen neuen Winkel gegeben und gezeigt, dass die Soziologie eine Fülle von Tatsachen und Anregungen zu vermitteln vermag, selbst wenn man vielleicht genötigt ist, vom wissenschaftlichen und praktischen Boden aus “keinen Stein auf dem andern zu lassen”. Seit dem Erscheinen der Dissertation hat der Verfasser an einem Meinungsaustausch von sich reden gemacht, indem er ein hypothetisches Bild des modernen Touristen entwarf, “der sich in seinen Milieupanzer einhülle, von ständiger Unrast getrieben werde, in das Vergnügen flüchte und mit sich nichts anzufangen wisse”. Als eines der stärksten Reisemotive des deutschen Touristen erkennt H. J. Knebel die Geltungssucht, die sich unter anderem im Postkartenschreiben, im häufigen Photographieren und im Sammeln von Souvenirs äussere (“Der Fremdenverkehr”, XIII. Jg., H. 1, 1961, S. 29). Die von den Reiseleitern geschilderten Beobachtungen hätten übereinstimmend den meisten der aufgestellten Behauptungen widersprochen (Mobilitätszwang, Vergnügungssucht usw.).
The purpose of this paper to understand why some members of Congress have more Instagram followers, and why some Congressional Instagram posts receive more likes and comments.
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper to understand why some members of Congress have more Instagram followers, and why some Congressional Instagram posts receive more likes and comments.
Design/methodology/approach
This study is based on a content analysis of every Instagram post shared by all members of Congress who were seated for the first six months of the 115th Congress (17,811 posts in all). Information was collected at both the account level, as well as at the level of the individual post. Variables were then created to predict a member's followers and a post's likes and comments using a series of regression models.
Findings
This paper finds that factors capturing real world influence best explain why some members have more followers on Instagram. Senators, members who have served longer in office, past or future presidential candidates, Congressional leaders and ideological extremists all had significantly more followers. This paper also shows that personal content such as family photos, personal photos, selfies and pet photos produces significantly more user responses, while impersonal content like text based posts produces fewer.
Practical implications
This paper offers a general understanding of how anyone might maximize their user engagement on Instagram.
Originality/value
Little published research has studied how politicians use Instagram. This paper expands previous work examining influence on Twitter and Facebook. Further, these findings shed light on broader issues, including how social media reinforces existing power biases, and on the increasing trend towards personalization in American politics.
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M. Rosario Perello‐Marin, Juan A. Marin‐Garcia and Javier Marcos‐Cuevas
Scholars in social sciences tend to use the term of path dependence without explaining exactly what they mean by it. Path dependence is a useful approach to understand the success…
Abstract
Purpose
Scholars in social sciences tend to use the term of path dependence without explaining exactly what they mean by it. Path dependence is a useful approach to understand the success or otherwise of the implementation of management innovation. The aim of this paper is to identify under which conditions it makes sense to talk about path dependence, and the relevance of using path dependence to the analysis of management innovation.
Design/methodology/approach
The path dependence literature in different contexts and knowledge areas within social science is reviewed using a narrative approach.
Findings
The concept of path dependence can be used to study management innovation, particularly when analyzing the introduction of new management practices. The authors argue that the order in which management practices are introduced has a profound effect on the outcomes for the organization. When the appropriate practices are introduced first, these create enhanced capabilities for the implementation of subsequent practices. If inappropriate practices are rolled out, they may severely impede management innovation and thus evolution and change of the firm.
Research limitations/implications
This work highlights the need to conduct further research to understand the interaction between existing practices and the new ones. This study can be extended with an empirical work to corroborate the results presented here.
Originality/value
By reviewing the different definitions of path dependence that exist in the literature, this paper will stimulate a debate on the necessary and sufficient conditions of path dependence and encourage a greater level of clarity in the management innovation area.