There are many definitions of profound and multiple learning disabilities. Most definitions include having a high degree of learning disability in conjunction with at least one…
Abstract
There are many definitions of profound and multiple learning disabilities. Most definitions include having a high degree of learning disability in conjunction with at least one other severe impairment, such as visual, auditory or physical impairments (Male, 1996; Ware, 1996; Lacey, 1998). Bunning (1997) adds that people with such disabilities are very reliant on others for support, including support in taking part in communicative events. Establishing reliable and consistent methods of communication may be exceptionally difficult (Florian et al, 2000). However, it is important to consider the individuality and extreme diversity of this population (Detheridge, 1997; Hogg, 1998), which includes variability in communication strengths and needs (Granlund & Olsson, 1999; McLean et al, 1996). Communication is often given little attention when services are planning ways of supporting individuals to participate, develop independence and make choices (McGill et al, 2000). While the individual's communication strengths and needs should remain central within any discussion, the significant others and the environment will also have an important influence. This article explores some of the communication issues experienced by people with profound and multiple learning disabilities and highlights the importance of the communication partnership within interventions.
Why is it that when you present a report to some managers, they read it through in great detail whilst others scarcely read it at all?
The European Commission initiates policy and conducts negotiations in EU trade matters, through the WTO framework. This article analyses the role played by business associations…
Abstract
The European Commission initiates policy and conducts negotiations in EU trade matters, through the WTO framework. This article analyses the role played by business associations in this policy area through focussing on the service sector. Drawing on established work in the field and interviews conducted with the main business associations involved, multi‐level lobbying was found to be evident, at both national and EU levels. Although wide access to the policy process is clear, so too is the reliance of the Commission on expert knowledge from business, thus indicating a model of interest representation caught between that of pluralism and corporatism.
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Dorra Messaoud and Anis Ben Amar
Based on the theoretical framework, this paper analyzes the sentiment-herding relationship in emerging stock markets (ESMs). First, it aims to examine the effect of investor…
Abstract
Purpose
Based on the theoretical framework, this paper analyzes the sentiment-herding relationship in emerging stock markets (ESMs). First, it aims to examine the effect of investor sentiment on herding. Second, it seeks the direction of causality between sentiment and herding time series.
Design/methodology/approach
The present study applies the Exponential Generalized Auto_Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (EGARCH) model to capture the volatility clustering of herding on the financial market and to investigate the role of the investor sentiment on herding behaviour. Then the vector autoregression (VAR) estimation uses the Granger causality test to determine the direction of causality between the investor sentiment and herding. This study uses a sample consisting of stocks listed on the Shanghai Composite index (SSE) (348 stocks), the Jakarta composite index (JKSE) (118 stocks), the Mexico IPC index (14 stocks), the Russian Trading System index (RTS) (12 stocks), the Warsaw stock exchange General index (WGI) (106 stocks) and the FTSE/JSE Africa all-share index (76 stocks). The sample includes 5,020 daily observations from February 1, 2002, to March 31, 2021.
Findings
The research findings show that the sentiment has a significant negative impact on the herding behaviour pointing out that the higher the investor sentiment, the lower the herding. However, the results of the present study indicate that a higher investor sentiment conducts a higher herding behaviour during market downturns. Then the outcomes suggest that during the crisis period, the direction is one-way, from the investor sentiment to the herding behaviour.
Practical implications
The findings may have implications for universal policies of financial regulators in EMs. We have found evidence that the Emerging investor sentiment contributes to the investor herding behaviour. Therefore, the irrational investor herding behaviour can increase the stock market volatility, and in extreme cases, it may lead to bubbles and crashes. Market regulators could implement mechanisms that can supervise the investor sentiment and predict the investor herding behaviour, so they make policies helping stabilise stock markets.
Originality/value
The originality of this paper lies in investigate the sentiment-herding relationship during the Surprime crisis and the Covid-19 epidemic in the EMs.
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The Eldonian Village is the result of people taking control of their own lives. In 1978, when the Eldonians were faced with their homes being demolished and their community broken…
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The Eldonian Village is the result of people taking control of their own lives. In 1978, when the Eldonians were faced with their homes being demolished and their community broken up, they didn't just sit back and accept it, they got off their backsides and made things happen. Today the Eldonians have 400 affordable rental homes, they have created over 250 jobs, they provide a range of local services and recreation facilities all of which are owned and managed by the local community. The Eldonians are an example to all communities and a testament to what people can achieve when they decide to tackle the problems of their community themselves.
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The history of simulated warfare is nearly as old as warfare itself, dating back at least 5000 years to the Chinese war game known as Wei-Hai. Also the game we now know as chess…
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The history of simulated warfare is nearly as old as warfare itself, dating back at least 5000 years to the Chinese war game known as Wei-Hai. Also the game we now know as chess evolved from a war game originally played in India as early as 500AD (see also Smith, 1998). Throughout military history, the art of warfare has been trained and practiced through the use of artificial tabletop landscapes, miniaturized soldiers, and tactical and strategic gaming rules designed to challenge the minds of military leaders.
Charles E. Smith and Caela Farren
Organizations, like people, can learn from their experience. The 1978 Camp David Conference learned from its experience. From difficulty, success and later problems we can take a…
Abstract
Organizations, like people, can learn from their experience. The 1978 Camp David Conference learned from its experience. From difficulty, success and later problems we can take a lesson in how to do it. Physical isolation and a powerful mediator were the key. Repeated changes in the internal operation kept it moving.