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The purpose of this ontologically qualitative research study was to (a) explore student narratives regarding their educational experiences in at-home internationalization programs; (b) provide an in-depth narrative analysis of student learning challenges and achievements; and (c) add valuable research-based knowledge of student-described experiences for use by program administrators.

Participants were selected with a form of four-stage non-proportional stratified sampling. 29 participants were interviewed using a basic demographic questionnaire and an episodic interview protocol. Data were analyzed in QSR NVivo software through open, axial, and selective coding stages under the framework of grounded theory.

The findings focus on student-identified links between the challenges they encountered and their achievements. In addition, student performance level and gender were associated with the challenges and achievements reported by students. In understanding the results, the student-learning concepts found in the learned optimism, growth mindset, grit and expectancy theory approaches provide potentially fruitful insights.

The findings of this research have instructive implications for program administrators regarding how student challenges can be strategically chosen and shaped to generate specific, positive student achievements.

The use of mobile digital devices requires secure behaviour while using these devices. To influence this behaviour, one should be able to adequately measure the behaviour. The purpose of this study is to establish a model for measuring secure behaviour, and to use this model to measure the secure behaviour of individuals while using mobile digital devices such as smartphones and laptops.

Based on a wide-ranging questionnaire (N = 1000), this study investigates the degree of influence that a relatively large number of factors have on secure behaviour while using mobile digital devices. These factors include knowledge and cognitive attitude, but also affective attitude, as well as several types of bias.

This study has provided a model for measuring secure behaviour. The results of the measurements show that knowledge, bias, cognitive attitude and affective attitude all have impact on secure behaviour while using mobile digital devices. Moreover, none of these factors is of minor importance.

This study shows that it is important to also consider previously undervalued factors, such as affective attitude and various types of bias, when designing interventions to improve secure behaviour while using mobile digital devices.

Most research on secure behaviour has only looked at a small number of influencing factors, usually limited to knowledge and cognitive attitude. This study shows that one needs a more elaborate model for measuring secure behaviour, and that previously undervalued factors have a clear influence on secure behaviour.