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This paper is among the first case studies in developing countries that comprehensively investigate the historical evolution of a country's teacher professional development (TPD) system, the outcomes of the current TPD and the factors underlying the stagnation of TPD quality.

The authors collected data from three types of sources—documents, observations and interviews. Documents examined included the handbooks of the TPD program, handouts for teachers, training modules from TPD workshop sessions and research publications or reports on TPD programs in Indonesia introduced from the 1970s to 2018. The authors conducted formal interviews with trainers, education stakeholders and teachers who participated in recent TPD.

The findings indicate that, on paper, TPD initiatives in Indonesia have included some of the positive features of TPD highlighted in the literature. However, these factors have not been consistently included in the reforms rolled out over the decades, and, indeed, many of the less desirable features of those reforms have endured. The analysis also reveals the absence of four key factors in multiple TPD reforms that led to teachers' and other stakeholders' dissatisfaction with the TPD implementation. These include consideration of teachers' skills, background and capacities; relevance of training; feedback provided to teachers; and workshop follow-up.

The research indicates that the long-term issues of ineffectiveness of TPD in Indonesia are driven by the incoherence of different elements of the education system. This extends beyond the technical and operational elements of the TPD itself. The absence of a clear vision of the purposes of teacher development has created confusion and uncertainty for teachers.

The purpose of this paper is to introduce the integrated model of the Preference Selection Index (PSI) and the prospect theory as new means to appraise the impact of supply chain sustainability risks based on five pillars of sustainability. Research has shown that sustainability risk assessment has a strong positive impact on improving the performance of enterprises.

This study adopts a new decision support model for assessing supply chain sustainability risk based on additional failure mode and effect analysis parameters and its integration with PSI methodology and prospect theory. A case example of the supply chain small and medium enterprise (SME) producing fashion have been used in this study.

The result of this study reveals some critical supply chain sustainability risks affecting the sustainability of enterprises under study.

The use of a limited sample is often associated as a limitation in the research studies and this study is based on findings from SMEs in the fashion retail supply chain. This preliminary study provides academics and practitioners an exemplar of supply chain sustainability risk assessment using integration of the PSI method and prospect theory.

The result of this study is beneficial for practitioners, particularly owner–managers of SMEs who can use this study as guidance on how to consider risk behavior to identify and select the critical sustainability risks and plan mitigating strategies accordingly.

Scientific studies on using the PSI and its integration with prospect theory as means to assess the criticality of supply chain sustainability risks is very rare. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first paper that presents the integrated model of the PSI and prospect theory to rank supply chain sustainability risks based on five pillars of sustainability.