Daniel Osgood, Daniel Cohen, Doug Parker and David Zilberman
Mayra C. Daniel and James Cohen
Purpose – To highlight ways to overcome challenges in conducting authentic assessments and using data effectively in program planning.Approach – To help teachers investigate the…
Abstract
Purpose – To highlight ways to overcome challenges in conducting authentic assessments and using data effectively in program planning.
Approach – To help teachers investigate the definition and purpose of assessments available for use in today's diverse classrooms, and use assessment results to inform instruction.
Practical implications – A school team analysis framework focused on teacher collaboration when conducting evaluations of districts' reading programs, a data use cycle, and a reflective questionnaire are provided for professional development.
Social implications – Social justice and differentiated instruction require balanced assessment methods and portfolio use as an implementable and manageable method to document student progress.
Originality/value of paper – This chapter engages teachers in the reality that they can be the driving force behind assessments for learning in their classrooms, schools, and districts.
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Daniel L. Cohen and Hod Lipson
New applications of solid freeform fabrication (SFF) are arising, such as functional rapid prototyping and in situ fabrication, which push SFF to its limits in terms of…
Abstract
Purpose
New applications of solid freeform fabrication (SFF) are arising, such as functional rapid prototyping and in situ fabrication, which push SFF to its limits in terms of geometrical fidelity due to the applications' inherent process uncertainties. Current closed‐loop feedback control schemes monitor and manipulate SFF techniques at the process level, e.g. envelope temperature, feed rate. “Closing the loop” on the process level, instead of the overall part geometry level, leads to limitations in the types of errors that can be detected and corrected. The purpose of this paper is to propose a technique called greedy geometric feedback (GGF) control which “closes the loop” on the overall part geometry level.
Design/methodology/approach
The overall part geometry is monitored throughout the print and, using a greedy algorithm, real‐time decisions are made to serially determine the locations of subsequent droplets, i.e. overall part geometry is directly manipulated. A computer simulator and a physical experimental platform were developed to compare the performance of GGF to an open‐loop control scheme. Root mean square surface height errors were measured under controlled uncertainties in droplet height, droplet radius of curvature, droplet positioning and mid‐print part deformations.
Findings
The GGF technique outperformed open‐loop control under process uncertainties in droplet shape, droplet placement and mid‐print part deformations. The disparity between performances is dependant on the nature and extent of the imposed process uncertainties.
Practical implications
Future research will focus on improving the performance of GGF for specific cases by designing more complex greedy algorithmic scoring heuristics. Also, the technique will be generalized beyond heightmap representations of 3D spaces.
Originality/value
The GGF technique is the first to “close the loop” on the overall part geometry level. GGF, therefore, can compensate for a broader range of errors than existing closed‐loop feedback control schemes. Also, since the technique only requires the real‐time update of a very limited set of heights, the technique is computationally inexpensive and widely applicable. By developing a closed‐loop feedback scheme that addressed part geometry‐level errors, SFF can be applied to more challenging in situ fabrication scenarios with less conventional materials.
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Evan Malone, Kian Rasa, Daniel Cohen, Todd Isaacson, Hilary Lashley and Hod Lipson
This paper reports on a fabrication platform and extensions to deposition‐based processes that permit freeform fabrication of three‐dimensional functional assemblies with embedded…
Abstract
This paper reports on a fabrication platform and extensions to deposition‐based processes that permit freeform fabrication of three‐dimensional functional assemblies with embedded conductive wiring and power sources. Structure and joints are produced by fused deposition of thermoplastics and deposition of elastomers. Conductive wiring is achieved by deposition of various low‐melting‐point alloys and conductive pastes. Batteries based on zinc‐air chemistry are produced by the deposition of zinc, electrolyte, and catalysts, with separator media and electrodes. Details of the deposition processes are provided and several printed assemblies are demonstrated.
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The paper aims to explore five lines of enquiry and action that mainly appeal to freedom and knowledge: developing forms of activity that put an emphasis on free commitment, such…
Abstract
Purpose
The paper aims to explore five lines of enquiry and action that mainly appeal to freedom and knowledge: developing forms of activity that put an emphasis on free commitment, such as NGOs, for example; fostering the building of creative knowledge‐based societies; designing a new social contract founded on the right to lifelong learning for all; underpinning globalization by a future‐oriented ethic; combining the necessity to work with the dignity to which citizens are entitled.
Design/methodology/approach
Drawing conclusions from recent trends in global economy as well as writings by economists, sociologists and philosophers from different countries, the paper argues that the social role and our conceptions of work have entered a time of crisis.
Findings
Once widely acknowledged as a central social and economic fact and a driving ethical value, work seems to lose some of its importance as a human activity in a world that is more and more global and technological. But, work being instrumental in defining not only what one does but also what one is, it cannot be discarded so casually. How can work be reinvented as a value and how are organizations such as Unesco to cope with an issue that pertains to human rights?
Originality/value
This conceptual paper focuses on work both as an economical fact and a social value.
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This article reports a wide range of complementary or antinomic insights into the multi‐layered globalizing process, in an attempt to understand its causes and significance…
Abstract
This article reports a wide range of complementary or antinomic insights into the multi‐layered globalizing process, in an attempt to understand its causes and significance. Different perceptions and assessments of its far‐reaching consequences all over the world are picked out. The ambiguity of the high‐technology revolution with potential transition from material to time values is contrasted with the self‐destructive bases of self‐interest policies, and the flagrant defeat of the modern economy among those excluded from planetary society. While on the surface it seems to be only a change of relations between the finance sphere and the “real economy”, the more comprehensive and penetrating cognition of recent occurrences reveals a questioning of human values. New forms of social relationships will need to be imagined to define what human worth is.
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Abdul-Latif Alhassan and Brandon W. Kliewer
Leadership studies, as an academic discipline and field of practice, have predominantly been developed in relation to Western forms of knowledge, norms, and cultural practices…
Abstract
Leadership studies, as an academic discipline and field of practice, have predominantly been developed in relation to Western forms of knowledge, norms, and cultural practices. Knowledge and ways of practicing leadership in Sub-Saharan Africa contexts are often unseen or marginalized in formal leadership studies literature. This is also true for the way leadership is practiced throughout the networks of the African Diaspora. The influence of uniquely African ways of knowing, doing, and experiencing leadership is even more challenging in the context of the African Diaspora. Often contextualized within the legacy of the Transatlantic Slave Trades, and increasingly shaped by contemporary dynamics of globalization, the African Diaspora and leadership exist at the intersection of multiple cultures and contexts. Leadership theory and practice must account for these inter- and multicultural contexts to better understand and practice leadership in the African Diaspora. The objective of this chapter is to develop a collective, constructionist, and practice frame capable of teasing apart cultural and contextual influences of leadership in the African Diaspora. This is not a comprehensive account of approaches to African Leadership, but instead a preliminary effort to mark out collective, constructionist, and practice approaches to leadership in the African Diaspora as it exists in practice and might inform future research and leadership learning and development efforts.
This chapter explores the phenomenon of organizational resilience. A comprehensive model was advanced and tested while utilizing a quantitative study conducted in the education…
Abstract
This chapter explores the phenomenon of organizational resilience. A comprehensive model was advanced and tested while utilizing a quantitative study conducted in the education system in Israel with 98 schools, involving 1,132 educators. Statistical analysis based on structural equation modeling revealed significant relationships between three antecedents (social capital, team empowerment, goal interdependence) and organizational resilience. In addition, a positive significant relationship was found between organizational resilience and organizational functioning in crisis. Organizational resilience was found to be a mediator between three of the antecedents (social capital, team empowerment, goal interdependence) and organizational functioning in crisis. Furthermore, organizational functioning in crisis was found to mediate the relationship between organizational resilience and organizational innovation. Implications for policymakers, managers, and change leaders in organizations are discussed.