This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/14664100010361836. When citing the…
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn as it was published elsewhere and accidentally duplicated. The original article can be seen here: 10.1108/14664100010361836. When citing the article, please cite: T.J. Towell, S. Maric, M. Jones, R. Wyatt, D.J.R. Duthie, (2000), “Introducing ropivacaine into a departmentʼs epidural analgesic practice. Improving acute pain service practice”, British Journal of Clinical Governance, Vol. 5 Iss: 4, pp. 217 - 221.
T.J. Towell, S. Maric, M. Jones, R. Wyatt and D.J.R. Duthie
The results of introducing a new licensed local anaesthetic drug, ropivacaine, into routine practice were evaluated by measuring the efficacy and adverse effects of patient…
Abstract
The results of introducing a new licensed local anaesthetic drug, ropivacaine, into routine practice were evaluated by measuring the efficacy and adverse effects of patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA), using ropivacaine 2mg/ml (R), or the mixtures in current use: fentanyl 5 (μg/ml with bupivacaine 1mg/ml (BF5) and fentanyl 10 (μg/ml) with bupivacaine 1mg/ml (BF10). All patients were nursed on general wards after surgery. For two months, 102 consecutive patients were studied. Pain scores at rest were significantly better in the fentanyl and bupivacaine groups, (mean rank R: 35.5, BF5: 22.7, BF10: 26.9, P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between patient controlled boluses and pain at rest and (p < 0.001), and pain on moving (p < 0.001). Nausea and vomiting was worse in the BF10 (p < 0.05). Older patients demanded less analgesia (p < 0.001). Postoperatively BF5 provided better pain relief with trends demonstrating fewer side‐effects and complications than BF10 or R. We now use fentanyl 5 (μg/ml and bupivacaine 1mg/ml as our standard epidural infusion mixture.
In 1988 over half of the deaths in the world were due to heartdisease. The recognised risk factors for coronary heart disease aresmoking, plasma cholesterol levels and…
Abstract
In 1988 over half of the deaths in the world were due to heart disease. The recognised risk factors for coronary heart disease are smoking, plasma cholesterol levels and hypertension. These factors, however, account only for some 50‐60 per cent of the variance in incidence of the disease between countries; so other factors must contribute. Recent biochemical evidence suggests that in conditions of oxidant stress a relative deficiency in antioxidants, in conjunction with a relatively high concentration of oxidisable substrates such as cholesterol, may play an important role in the development of atheroma. The efficiency of the human antioxidant defence system depends in part on an adequate intake of foods containing antioxidants such as vitamins C and E. Until intervention trials with these antioxidants show positive effects in reducing coronary heart disease, advising the general population to increase intake of Vitamin C and E is contentious. On the other hand increasing consumption of fruit and vegetables is unlikely to do any harm, and may do us some good.
The great difficulties which attach to the fixing of legal standards of composition for food products have now to be grappled with by the Departmental Committee appointed by the…
Abstract
The great difficulties which attach to the fixing of legal standards of composition for food products have now to be grappled with by the Departmental Committee appointed by the Board of Agriculture to consider and determine what regulations should be made by the Board, under Section 4 of the Sale of Food and Drugs Act, 1899, with respect to the composition of butter. As we predicted in regard to the labours of the Milk and Cream Standards Committee, so we predict now that the Butter Committee will be unable to do more than to recommend standards and limits, which, while they will make for the protection of the public against the sale of grossly adulterated articles, will certainly not in any way insure the sale of butter of really satisfactory, or even of fair, composition. Standards and limits established by law for the purposes of the administration of criminal Acts of Parliament must of necessity be such as to legalise the sale of products of a most inferior character, to which the term “genuine” may still by law be applied as well as to legalise the sale of adulterated and sophisticated products so prepared as to come within the four corners of the law. It is, of course, an obvious necessity that official standards and limits should be established, and the Board of Agriculture are to be congratulated upon the manner in which they are endeavouring to deal with these extremely knotty problems; but it is important that misconception on the part of the public and the trade with respect to the effect of the regulations to be made should be as far as possible prevented. All that can be hoped for is that the conclusions at which the Committee may find themselves compelled to arrive will not be such as to place too high and too obvious a premium upon the sale of those inferior and scientifically‐adulterated products which are placed in such enormous quantities on the food market.
THE Programme of the Library Association Conference which reached us on April 22nd is one of much interest. Every year increases the difficulty of providing matter which has such…
Abstract
THE Programme of the Library Association Conference which reached us on April 22nd is one of much interest. Every year increases the difficulty of providing matter which has such appeal that members can say at the close that the time has been spent profitably. The pre‐print of the papers—a rather incomplete affair—raises the thought that Conference time could be better used than in discussions on such “Research Committee” matters as library vans and temporary buildings, excellent as we admit the enquiries and results of them to be. Yet this reflection is accompanied by the certainty that there have been few conferences which have not contributed something of material use to every participator and we still hold the view that more is learned in “a week at one than in months of hermit‐like seclusion.” That last quotation was written in the first edition of Brown's Manual and is valid to this day. Our representatives will write impressions after the event, not by way of detailed report, but as endeavouring to sum up what, if anything, material has been achieved. The report published by the Association usually gives the papers in extenso, but we wish its issue could be delayed long enough to provide more informative records of the discussions. As the best contributions occasionally come from the floor, the bare‐bones notes of the names of speakers and almost telegram‐like utterances they are supposed to have made, which have been the customary report, could be greatly improved.
This chapter presents the first sociological study of outrigger canoe racing, or va'a, in Fiji, a sport deeply embedded in Pacific seafaring heritage. It begins with a brief…
Abstract
This chapter presents the first sociological study of outrigger canoe racing, or va'a, in Fiji, a sport deeply embedded in Pacific seafaring heritage. It begins with a brief history of va'a in Fiji, which emerged in the 1980s as part of a postcolonial ‘revival’ of indigenous cultural practices. The chapter subsequently examines the paddling community's notable inclusivity (in terms of gender, ethnicity, age and body shape), persisting exclusivity (in terms of class and geographical location) and dynamic engagement with the sport's cultural anchoring. A key contention of this chapter is that va'a, in its ongoing social construction, has become simultaneously a competitive sport with modern equipment and structures, a hip and cool recreational activity and a cohesive community with shared commitment to the relational value of the ocean, notwithstanding long-standing power differentials. The sport is hence positioned as integral to living, evolving culture rather than timeless indigeneity.
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ELSEWHERE in this number we list libraries which have Esent us copies of their annual reports which we are glad to have. Now and again we are able to elaborate on these, but in…
Abstract
ELSEWHERE in this number we list libraries which have Esent us copies of their annual reports which we are glad to have. Now and again we are able to elaborate on these, but in the present issue that has not been possible. We would say, however, that these reports are deserving of the attention of librarians generally, and of students at the library schools. They are records of work in progress, and they do suggest the development of library policy. The best of them are of textbook value.
The purpose of this paper is to report on a qualitative study of data management and recordkeeping in the research sciences and their roles in information creation and…
Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report on a qualitative study of data management and recordkeeping in the research sciences and their roles in information creation and professional identity formation.
Design/methodology/approach
The study uses ethnographic fieldwork data in an academic laboratory to examine documentation practices as a part of the trajectory of scientific professionalization. The article examines ethnographic fieldnotes and medical records as cognate areas that provide insight into the topic.
Findings
The paper argues that scientific recordkeeping is essential for learning to balance professional standards and personal knowledge, establishing comfort with ambiguity, and can be a process marked by ritual, anxiety, and affect. The article does this by discussing the creation of record from data, tacit knowledge as part of that process, and the process of legitimate peripheral participation (LPP).
Research limitations/implications
The qualitative nature of the study suggests the need for similar studies in other environments.
Originality/value
The article emphasizes recordkeeping as a part of documentation studies by taking an interdisciplinary, ethnographic approach that is still emergent in information studies. The article is written primarily for fellow researchers.
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The preservation of health is ultimately the responsibility of each individual person. It differs fundamentally from the treatment of disease, which has been delegated to…
Abstract
The preservation of health is ultimately the responsibility of each individual person. It differs fundamentally from the treatment of disease, which has been delegated to health‐care professionals. In this paper I consider certain health‐care behaviours, and then comment on issues relevant to prophylactic medicines.